Curcumin attenuates migration and invasion of osteosarcoma cells by regulating expression of miR-33b5p/SIRT6 axis

Purpose: To investigate the potential role of curcumin in osteosarcoma (OS) cell migration and invasion, and also to explore the underlying mechanism of action. Methods: OS cell lines, Saos-2 and U2OS, were treated with various concentrations of curcumin (0, 10, 20, 50 μM) for 48 h. Transwell assay was used to determine the migratory and invasive activities of human OS cells while miR-33b-5p expression levels were measured using quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Expressions of metastasis-related genes, such as matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), were quantified by qRT-PCR or western blot. The interaction between miR33b-5p and Sirtuin 6 (SIRT6) was evaluated by luciferase assay. Results: Curcumin inhibited the migratory and invasive activities of huamn OS cells, and downregulated MMP2 and MMP9 (p < 0.05). Moreover, in curcumin-treated OS cells, miR-33b-5p expression was upregulated while SIRT6 expression was significantly downregulated (p < 0.05). Overexpression of miR-33b-5p downregulated SIRT6 mRNA and protein expression, whereas transfection with miR-33b-5p inhibitor upregulated SIRT6 expression in OS cells (p < 0.05). Furthermore, curcumin suppressed SIRT6 expression by upregulating miR-33b-5p expression in OS cells. Finally, overexpression of SIRT6 or miR-33b-5p inhibitor reversed the suppression of OS cell metastasis induced by curcumin (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Curcumin inhibits SIRT6 expression via upregulating miR-33b-5p expression, which leads to the inhibition of OS cell migration and invasion. Thus, curcumin is a potential therapeutic agent for the management of OS

Effects of principal stress rotation on the fluid-induced soil response in a porous seabed

Principal stress rotation (PSR) is an important feature for describing the stress status of marine sediments subject to cyclic loading. In this study, a one-way coupled numerical model that combines the fluid model (for wave-current interactions) and the soil model (including the effect of PSR) was established. Then, the proposed model was incorporated into the finite element analysis procedure DIANA-SWANDYNE II with PSR effects incorporated and further validated by the experimental data available in the literature. Finally, the impact of PSR on the pore-water pressures and the resultant seabed liquefaction were investigated using the numerical model, and it was found that PSR had a significant influence on the seabed response to combined wave and current loading

Constructing virtual environments for manufacturing simulation

Virtual environments (VE) are becoming an important tool for simulating manufacturing systems. A problem in their adoption is the lack of an easy and effective approach to building large and complex virtual environments that are required by many manufacturing simulation tasks. This paper reports on research into this problem and presents a novel approach - domain-analysis-based top-down construction - to constructing complex virtual manufacturing environments. Based on this approach, a software system is designed and implemented to provide easy-to-use and flexible tools that enable users to construct virtual environments rapidly and with minimum modelling effort

Implementing Manufacturing Message Specifications (MMS) within collaborative virtual environments over the Internet

Virtual reality (VR) is an emerging technology that has many potential applications in manufacturing. Networked or shared virtual environments (VE) are of growing interest in modern manufacturing, which is making increasing use of virtual reality technology. An important feature of networked VEs is the way in which they control and share 3D information, and the support of this by real-time data transfer. The bottleneck of transferring 3D data in real-time between networked VEs is the performance of networking protocols. This paper proposes a novel approach to implementing the Manufacturing Message Specifications (MMS), an ISO/IEC 9506 communication standard and presents a Manufacturing Message Transfer Protocol (MMTP), suitable for a broad range of Internet-based VE communication applications - in particular, virtual manufacturing collaborative design and control. An Internet communication system is described that can support networked virtual manufacturing environments within the framework of the Manufacturing Message Specifications (MMS) Standard

Rapid Development of Virtual Environments: A systematic approach for interactive design of 3D graphics

It has long been a bottleneck for VE popularity that the development of VE normally acquires heavy time, labour and monetary investment. Although so-called high-level, abstracted graphical libraries which have been delivered by third parties based on industrial standard like OpenGL speed up the VE development to certain extent, the involved engineering process which largely relies on the system computing approach is by all means not developer-oriented but application-specific, thus it remains technically difficult and expensive to create VE application from scratch. This research attempts to propose an ultimate solution for VE rapid development by exploring the boundary between system programming, interpretative computing, interfaces wrapping, abstracted scene-graph libraries, grouping and database technology. The convergence of ideas from these technological fields has formed a systematic approach by which developers are encouraged to design and implement 3D interactive graphics via making necessary reconfiguration to both graphical content and rendering context take place at system runtime. The whole development cycle of VE application can be further accelerated by using similar existing drawings from the database as reconfigurable VE templates. In this way, the developers can avoid creating graphical application completely from scratch by making runtime changes to retrieved VE template in terms of its rendered graphics, user interfaces and related functional modules