Development of a Database-Driven Management System for Retail Food Packaging Eye Tracking Studies

Within the past three years, approximately two hundred one-off studies have occurred in developing eye tracking methodologies for quantifying consumer attention on packaging design preference. Due to restricted time and resources, most research analyzes consumer attention regarding a relatively small amount of products within specific planogram. However, larger questions concerning category trends and insights are not possible with these smaller, one-off studies. Broad data aggregation and analysis is important for understanding packaging design per product category in order to understand category-wide design trends and insights. Considering the excessive effort in manual data retrieval, analysis, and reporting, a method that can improve efficiency and data aggregation would be of tremendous benefit to all researchers studying consumer behavior on relevant product categories. Ultimately, the application of the relational database management system fits this need. The work herein describes a procedure of developing a database-driven management system for retail food packaging eye tracking studies and the data analytics. A relational database of eye tracking studies associated with a web portal was designed and created to aggregate, store, access, share, and analyze eye tracking data based on studies in an immersive retail environment. The comparison between this system and the file-based methods was discussed, includes eye tracking study procedure, data usage efficiency, and data analysis methodology. This body of work covers 14 eye tracking projects in aggregate, involving 34 planograms comprised of a total of 421 consumer product goods. When using this database-driven system compared to the traditional file-based process in terms of time, it was found that the developed system reduced the time of the eye tracking study process by 48%

The brief introduction of different laser diagnostics methods used in aeroengine combustion research

Combustion test diagnosis has always been one of the most important technologies for the development of aerospace engineering. The traditional methods of measurement have been unable to meet the requirements of accurate capture of the flow field in the development process of the aeroengine combustor. Therefore, the development of high-precision measurement and diagnostic techniques to meet the needs of the aeroengine combustor design is imperative. Laser diagnostics techniques developed quickly in the past several years. They are used to measure the parameters of the combustion flow field such as velocity, temperature, and components concentration with high space and time resolution and brought no disturbance. Planar laser-induced fluorescence, coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering, tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy, and Raman scattering were introduced systemically in this paper. After analysis of their own advantages and disadvantages, the authors considered validated Raman scattering system and Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Tomography are more suitable for research activities on aeroengine combustion systems

External hot surface axisymmetric models for supersonic combustion

An external axisymmetric configuration is introduced for supersonic combustion research in hypersonic wind tunnel flow. In this configuration, high quality data can be generated for validation of computational simulations. The external axisymmetric geometry offers the important advantages of easy optical diagnostic access to the physical fields of interest and a geometry that can be visualised as two dimensional, but is free of non two dimensional edge effects. The application of quantitative OH* measurements in the axisymmetric configuration is introduced in this work. A resistively-heated graphite model with a water cooling system was devised for the axisymmetric arrangement and was commissioned to simulate the hot surface environments typically encountered in hypersonic flight. The model was fueled with pure hydrogen and premixed hydrogen-air mixtures through the fuel delivery system that was constructed for the experimental work. Hot wall temperatures within the range of 1500 to 1800K were achieved during the combustion testing. Several optical techniques were used for the experimental measurements: Two Colour Ratio Pyrometry (TCRP) and Visible near Infrared (VnIR) Spectrometer methods were used for the hot surface temperature measurement; high-speed schlieren was used for the flowfield visualization and an ICCD camera fitted with a narrow-band filter at approximately 310 nm was used for two-dimensional imaging of the OH* chemiluminescence. The TCRP with the wavelength ratio of I(850nm) I(700nm) was used for time-resolved temperature determination of the hot surface. The ICCD camera setup was used to detect and quantify the OH* chemiluminescence. The quantitative chemiluminescence measurements were achieved by using the Abel inversion and a new method which is proposed for the first time in this thesis for the calibration of absolute number density of the radiating OH*. This is a convenient approach when adequate signal magnitudes are emitted from the hot surface radiation and OH* chemiluminescence is acquired through the ICCD device simultaneously during testing. A set of experimental conditions at Mach 2, Mach 4 and Mach 6 flow were examined over a range of total pressure varying from 0.2 MPa to 1.9 MPa and a total temperature of approximately 570K. No evidence of combustion was observed from the ICCD images during the hot surfaces testing at the supersonic and hypersonic conditions. The flow environments produced by the TUSQ facility and the models were evidently not sufficient for ignition. The optical diagnostic techniques developed in this study for external axisymmetric configurations were demonstrated based on combustion results acquired in the nominally quiescent test section environment (without hypersonic flow). These tests indicated that the ignition process was initiated when the background pressure was elevated to about 10 kPa. The combustion flow was reconstructed numerically using a CFD Solver - Eilmer3 with a hydrogen oxidation chemistry model and the addition of a OH* sub-scheme reaction mechanism. The measured peak level of OH* chemiluminescence was over-predicted by the numerical simulation by a factor of about 10. The results of the numerical simulations show that in the supersonic and hypersonic cases, the poor mixing also contributed to suppression of the ignition process

ETAD: Training Action Detection End to End on a Laptop

Temporal action detection (TAD) with end-to-end training often suffers from the pain of huge demand for computing resources due to long video duration. In this work, we propose an efficient temporal action detector (ETAD) that can train directly from video frames with extremely low GPU memory consumption. Our main idea is to minimize and balance the heavy computation among features and gradients in each training iteration. We propose to sequentially forward the snippet frame through the video encoder, and backward only a small necessary portion of gradients to update the encoder. To further alleviate the computational redundancy in training, we propose to dynamically sample only a small subset of proposals during training. Moreover, various sampling strategies and ratios are studied for both the encoder and detector. ETAD achieves state-of-the-art performance on TAD benchmarks with remarkable efficiency. On ActivityNet-1.3, training ETAD in 18 hours can reach 38.25% average mAP with only 1.3 GB memory consumption per video under end-to-end training. Our code will be publicly released

Effect of chloroprocaine combined with morphine on analgesia, adverse reactions and dynamic changes in inflammation in patients receiving TURP

Purpose: To investigate the influence of chloroprocaine combined with morphine on the analgesic effects, adverse reactions and inflammation factors in patients receiving transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP).Methods: A total of 80 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in the Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China, were divided into morphine group and combination-therapy group (morphine combined with chloroprocaine). Pain index, changes in inflammatory factors and incidence of adverse reactions in the two groups of patients were assessed.Results: The morphine group and combination-therapy group showed basic profile prior to the treatments. Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scores before operation and 6 h after operation in the morphine group were similar to those in the combination-therapy group, but the scores at 12, 24 and 48 h after operation in the combination-therapy group were significantly lower than those in the morphine group. Similarly, the combination-therapy group showed lower levels of substance P (SP) and bradykinin (BK) at 12, 24 and 48 h after operation than the morphine group (p < 0.05). Both groups exhibited similar levels of serum inflammatory factors before the operation, but the levels decreased in the combination-therapy group when compared with those in the morphine group after operation (p < 0.05). The combination-therapy group also showed a lower incidence of adverse reactions than the morphine group.Conclusion: Chloroprocaine combined with morphine effectively ameliorates postoperative pain, lowers secretion of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-10 (IL-10), and decreases the incidence of postoperative adverse reactions, thus affording a high level of safety after operation