Adaptive responses of cardiorespiratory system and hormonal parameters to individualized high-intensity interval training using anaerobic power reserve in well-trained rowers

The current study investigated the efficacy of individualizing exercise intensity according to anaerobic power reserve (APR) on hormonal, physiological, and performance adaptations in athletes with different profiles. Sixteen highly-trained male rowers (age = 22 ± 3 years, height = 183 ± 6 cm, weight = 83 ± 7 kg, body fat = 11 ± 2%, experience = 12 ± 5 years) were randomized to a high-intensity interval training consisting of 2 × (6, 6, 8, 8, 10, 10 repetitions from 1st to 6th week, respectively) × 60 s intervals using a rowing ergometer at ∆%30 APR (APR∆%30) or the same sets and repetitions at 130% maximal aerobic power (MAP130%). In both groups, relief intervals were set at 1:1 with 3 min of rest between sets. On four occasions separated by 24 h recovery, participants attended the laboratory to assess 2000-m rowing ergometer performance, maximal oxygen uptake (V̇O2max) and related physiological adaptations, and hormonal parameters. Significant increases were observed in 2000-m performance, V̇O2max, ventilation at V̇O2max, first and second ventilatory threshold, MAP and maximal sprinting power (MSP), total testosterone, and testosterone to cortisol ratio in response to 6 weeks of APR∆%30 and MAP130% protocols. The coefficient of variation (inter-subject variability) in the adaptive response of cardiorespiratory parameters to HIIT performed using the APR∆%30 protocol was lower than those of the MAP130% group. However, this is not the case for hormonal changes. Prescribing HIIT based on an athlete’s APR may help to create a more consistent level of the mechanical and physiological stimulus relative to the athlete’s capacity, potentially leading to more similar adaptations across athletes with varying profiles. Mechanisms influencing total testosterone are multifactorial and are not affected by this approach

What determines pension insurance participation in China?: triangulation and the intertwined relationship among employers, employees and the government

The current study draws on the Advocacy Coalition Framework to examine what determines employees’ pension participation in China. For the purpose of exploring which employees actually receive pension coverage and why, econometric analysis was conducted with China’s Employer–Employee Matched Survey data (N = 3412). A variety of both individual factors, ranging from age and Hukou status to job characteristics, and macro factors, including interprovincial migration and level of economic development, are all found to predict insurance coverage. Qualitative research results contextualize these findings by discussing the often ambivalent and triangulated relations among employers, employees and government. These three groups primarily use shared core policy beliefs to structure their interactions in the form of advocacy coalitions. Various types of cross-coalition interaction, including negotiation, cooperation and conflict, are examined. These findings carry both theoretical and policy implications

The First Case of Ischemia-Free Kidney Transplantation in Humans

Background: Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) has been considered an inevitable event in organ transplantation since the first successful kidney transplant was performed in 1954. To avoid IRI, we have established a novel procedure called ischemia-free organ transplantation. Here, we describe the first case of ischemia-free kidney transplantation (IFKT). Materials and Methods: The kidney graft was donated by a 19-year-old brain-dead donor. The recipient was a 47-year-old man with end-stage diabetic nephropathy. The graft was procured, preserved, and implanted without cessation of blood supply using normothermic machine perfusion. Results: The graft appearance, perfusion flow, and urine production suggested that the kidney was functioning well-during the whole procedure. The creatinine dropped rapidly to normal range within 3 days post-transplantation. The levels of serum renal injury markers were low post-transplantation. No rejection or vascular or infectious complications occurred. The patient had an uneventful recovery. Conclusion: This paper marks the first case of IFKT in humans. This innovation may offer a unique solution to optimizing transplant outcomes in kidney transplantation

Essays in regional economics and empirical industrial organization.

nrpages: 179status: publishe

Athleteʼs Physical Fitness Prediction Model Algorithm and Index Optimization Analysis under the Environment of AI

With the rapid progress of network technology and computers, the Internet of Things has slowly entered peopleʼs lives and work. The Internet of Things can bring a lot of convenience to peopleʼs lives and work. People have been living in a networked era, and communications, computers, and network technologies are changing the entire human race and society. The extensive application of databases and computer networks, coupled with the use of advanced automatic data collection tools, has dramatically increased the amount of data that people have. There are many important information hidden behind the surge of data, and people hope to conduct higher-level analysis on it in order to make better use of these data. This article mainly introduces the prediction model algorithm and index optimization analysis of athletesʼ physical fitness under the Internet of things environment. This paper proposes an algorithm and index optimization method for the athletesʼ physical fitness prediction model in the Internet of Things environment, which is used to conduct athletesʼ fitness prediction model algorithm and index optimization experiments in the Internet of Things environment, and designs steps for athletesʼ physical fitness prediction in the Internet of Things environment to lay a solid foundation for related applications of athlete index optimization. The experimental results in this article show that the prediction accuracy rate of the professional group with the athleteʼs physical fitness prediction model and index optimization under the Internet of Things environment is higher than that of the control group, with a difference p<0.001

Does Everybody Need Good neighbors? Labor Mobility Costs, Cities and Matching

This paper analyzes the role of costly spatial interaction between regional labor markets in the matching process. We adapt Shimer and Smith's (2000) assignment model with search frictions to an economy with two connected regions. We then show that the existence of labor mobility costs will induce only the high-skilled workers in the small town to commute (migrate) to the large city, while low-skilled workers continue to search jobs locally. Since there are fewer workers searching for jobs in the small town, fewer firms enter the region resulting in a decrease in the local contact efficiency for workers. This implies that only high-skilled workers benefit from the proximity to large cities, whereas low-skilled workers in the small town suffer from a deteriorated local contact efficiency. Empirical evidence using Belgian linked employer-employee data is consistent with the implications of the model.status: publishe

An Experimental Study of Copper Extraction Characteristics in a T-Junction Microchannel

The extraction performance in a T-junction microchannel was investigated experimentally. CuSO4/H2SO4/AD-100/260# solvent oil was chosen as the working system. The velocities of the aqueous and oil phases were varied from 0.0016 to 0.45 ms-1, with ReM varying between 9 and 200. The experimental results show that the extraction process of copper in the microchannel is controlled by both reaction intrinsic kinetics and mass transfer, depending on the characteristics of the reaction and the fluid hydrodynamics. The maximum extraction efficiency is about 0.96, and the apparent overall volumetric mass transfer coefficient (kappa) is in the range of 0.02-0.2s-1. In addition, the effects of the Cu2+ concentration and the pH in the aqueous phase, the volumetric fraction of AD-100 in the oil phase, and the temperature on the extraction performance were investigated in detail

The complete chloroplast genome sequence of Aconitum tschangbaischanense (Ranunculaceae)

The perennial herbal medicine species Aconitum tschangbaischanense, is endemic to Changhai Mountain, Jilin province. In this study, we attempted to uncover the complete chloroplast (cp) genome of A. tschangbaischanense based on sequencing data using the Illumina sequencing technology. As per the results: (1) the length of its complete cp genome is 155,881 bp with a typical tetrad structure; (2) the structure of its cp genome contains large single-copy and small single-copy (LSC and SSC) regions of 86,351 and 16,9444 bp, respectively, isolated by two inverted repeat regions (IRs) of 26,293 bp; (3) we annotated a total 131 genes, consisting of 86 protein-coding genes, eight rRNA genes, and 37 tRNA genes. According to the maximum-likelihood phylogenetic tree based on complete cp genomes, A. tschangbaischanense, showed close association with A. carmichaelii, which belongs to clade I. Finally, this study provides the characteristics of the cp genome of A. tschangbaischanense, and its phylogenetic position

Microfluidics-Based Systems in Diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease and Biomimetic Modeling

Early detection and accurate diagnosis of Alzheimer&rsquo;s disease (AD) is essential for patient care and disease treatment. Microfluidic technology is emerging as an economical and versatile platform in disease detection and diagnosis. It can be conveniently integrated with nanotechnology and/or biological models for biomedical functional and pre-clinical treatment study. These strengths make it advantageous in disease biomarker detection and functional analysis against a wide range of biological backgrounds. This review highlights the recent developments and trends of microfluidic applications in AD research. The first part looks at the principles and methods for AD diagnostic biomarker detection and profiling. The second part discusses how microfluidic chips, especially organ-on-a-chip platforms, could be used as an independent approach and/or integrated with other technologies in AD biomimetic functional analysis