PO-071 Effects of Resistance Training of Different Loads on Gastrocnemius Protein, IGF-I and TNF-α in Aging Rats

Objective To observe the effects of different load resistance training on skeletal muscle dystrophy in aging rats by observing the expression of protein and protein of IGF-I and TNF-α in aging rats after 8 weeks of different load resistance training. The resistance training delays the theoretical basis for anti-skeletal muscle aging. Methods 40 aging SD rats (18 months old) were randomly divided into a quiet control group, a non-weight-bearing exercise group, 30% of the largest negative recombination, 50% of the largest negative recombination, and 70% of the largest negative recombination. The sports group carried the treadmill movement with the tail load, the slope was 35°, the running speed was 15m/min, the rest was 30s every 15s, the rest was 3min after four cycles, and the three groups were one cycle. The cycle was intermittent for 10 minutes, and the exercise frequency was the next day for 8 weeks. After 8 weeks, the rat gastrocnemius muscle was taken. The protein content of the gastrocnemius muscle was determined by Coomassie brilliant blue method. The contents of IGF-I and TNF-α in the gastrocnemius muscle were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results After 1.8 weeks of different load resistance exercise, compared with the quiet control group, the skeletal muscle protein content of each exercise group increased, among which 50% of the largest negative recombination and 70% of the largest negative recombination was the most significant (P<0.01). Compared with 70% of the largest negative recombination, the 50% maximum negative recombination content was relatively high (P<0.05); After 8 weeks of different load resistance exercise, compared with the quiet control group, the content of IGF-I in the gastrocnemius of each exercise group was higher than that of the quiet control group, and there was a very significant difference (P<0.01), and 50%. The highest negative recombination and 70% of the largest negative recombination content is the highest; After 8 weeks of different load resistance exercise, compared with the quiet control group, the TNF-α content in the gastrocnemius muscle of the rats in each resistance exercise group increased slightly, and the increase of only 50% of the largest negative recombination was statistically significant (P<0.05), although there were differences between the exercise groups, there was no statistical significance (P>0.05). Conclusions 50% of the maximum weight-bearing resistance training can effectively increase the skeletal muscle muscle protein content of aging SD rats, and it is related to up-regulation of IGF-I factor and down-regulation of TNF-α factor expression by resistance training

PO-179 Prevention of sarcopenia and regulation of the ERK1/2 and p38MAPK phosphorylation by resistance training

Objective Study of the effect of treadmill resistance training on the cross section and phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and p38MAPK of gastrocnemius of aging rats, and explore the role of resistance training in prevention and regulation of sarcopenia. Methods 11-month-old male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats (n = 40, SPF grade, initial body weight 776.9 ± 50) were raised in various cages in a room with a room temperature of 23 ± 2°C, a humidity of 40–60%, and a natural light/dark cycle. After eight months, the treated rats were then divided into one sedentary group (control, n = 8/group) and four groups for resistance training (GRT 1-GRT 4, GRT for Group for Resistance Training, n = 8/group) lasting for 8 weeks. For resistance training, GRT1 to GRT4 carried no loading, 30% maximum loading, 50% maximum loading and 70% maximum loading, respectively. The protocol for treadmill running was as follows: 15m/min (speed), 35°C (slope), 15s each time, an interval for 30s between two runnings, four runnings as one training, an interval for 3mins between two training, three training as one cycle, two cycles one training day, and one-day break between two training days. The morphology and cross section of gastrocnemius and the phosphorylation of the ERK1/2、p38MAPK proteins in the rats were examined after 8 weeks’ training.  Results Compared with the control, GRT1-GRT4 displayed relatively better aligned muscles fibers and noticeably larger cross-sectional area (P＜0.05). The content of p-ERK1/2 (phosphorylated ERK1/2) displayed a descending trend as the loading increased compared with the control (GRT1 VS control, P＞0.05; GRT2 VS control, P＜0.05; GRT3 VS control, P＞0.05; GRT4 VS control, P＞0.05). However, the pairwise comparison revealed that only the difference between GRT1 and GRT2 was significant. Similarly, the content of p-p38MAPK (phosphorylated p38MAPK) displayed a descending trend as the loading increased compared with the control (GRT1 VS control, P＞0.05; GRT2 VS control, P＞0.05; GRT3 VS control, P＜0.01; GRT4 VS control, P＜0.01). Besides, the pairwise comparison revealed that the difference between GRT1 and GRT3 was significant (P＜0.05) and that between GRT1 and GRT4 was even highly significant (P＜0.01). Conclusions Resistance training with middle-class intensity or above can prevent sarcopenia. ERK1/2 and p38MAPK were subject to high-level phosphorylation in aging skeletal muscles, which resulted from the stress-like status of the aging body. Treadmill training of with middle-class intensity or above can reduce ERK1/2 and p38MAPK phosphorylation in aging skeletal muscles of rats, which indicates that resistance training can effectively prevent sarcopenia by inhibiting ERK1/2 and p38MAPK phosphorylation

Social Commonsense-Guided Search Query Generation for Open-Domain Knowledge-Powered Conversations

Open-domain dialog involves generating search queries that help obtain relevant knowledge for holding informative conversations. However, it can be challenging to determine what information to retrieve when the user is passive and does not express a clear need or request. To tackle this issue, we present a novel approach that focuses on generating internet search queries that are guided by social commonsense. Specifically, we leverage a commonsense dialog system to establish connections related to the conversation topic, which subsequently guides our query generation. Our proposed framework addresses passive user interactions by integrating topic tracking, commonsense response generation and instruction-driven query generation. Through extensive evaluations, we show that our approach overcomes limitations of existing query generation techniques that rely solely on explicit dialog information, and produces search queries that are more relevant, specific, and compelling, ultimately resulting in more engaging responses.Comment: Accepted in EMNLP 2023 Finding

A Study of the Crystallization, Melting, and Foaming Behaviors of Polylactic Acid in Compressed CO2

The crystallization and melting behaviors of linear polylactic acid (PLA) treated by compressed CO2 was investigated. The isothermal crystallization test indicated that while PLA exhibited very low crystallization kinetics under atmospheric pressure, CO2 exposure significantly increased PLA’s crystallization rate; a high crystallinity of 16.5% was achieved after CO2 treatment for only 1 min at 100 °C and 6.89 MPa. One melting peak could be found in the DSC curve, and this exhibited a slight dependency on treatment times, temperatures, and pressures. PLA samples tended to foam during the gas release process, and a foaming window as a function of time and temperature was established. Based on the foaming window, crystallinity, and cell morphology, it was found that foaming clearly reduced the needed time for PLA’s crystallization equilibrium

A radiative cooling structural material.

Reducing human reliance on energy-inefficient cooling methods such as air conditioning would have a large impact on the global energy landscape. By a process of complete delignification and densification of wood, we developed a structural material with a mechanical strength of 404.3 megapascals, more than eight times that of natural wood. The cellulose nanofibers in our engineered material backscatter solar radiation and emit strongly in mid-infrared wavelengths, resulting in continuous subambient cooling during both day and night. We model the potential impact of our cooling wood and find energy savings between 20 and 60%, which is most pronounced in hot and dry climates

A Novel Universal Primer-Multiplex-PCR Method with Sequencing Gel Electrophoresis Analysis

In this study, a novel universal primer-multiplex-PCR (UP-M-PCR) method adding a universal primer (UP) in the multiplex PCR reaction system was described. A universal adapter was designed in the 5′-end of each specific primer pairs which matched with the specific DNA sequences for each template and also used as the universal primer (UP). PCR products were analyzed on sequencing gel electrophoresis (SGE) which had the advantage of exhibiting extraordinary resolution. This method overcame the disadvantages rooted deeply in conventional multiplex PCR such as complex manipulation, lower sensitivity, self-inhibition and amplification disparity resulting from different primers, and it got a high specificity and had a low detection limit of 0.1 ng for single kind of crops when screening the presence of genetically modified (GM) crops in mixture samples. The novel developed multiplex PCR assay with sequencing gel electrophoresis analysis will be useful in many fields, such as verifying the GM status of a sample irrespective of the crop and GM trait and so on

Beyond Western approaches to memorial design: Two examples from China : A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Master at Lincoln University

Memorial design in the West has been explored in depth (Stevens and Franck, 2016; Williams, 2007), and for landscape architects it presents opportunities and challenges. However, there is little in the English language literature about memorial design in China. How have Chinese designers responded to the commemorative settings of war and disaster? This study will adopt the method of case study to analyse two of the most representative memorials in China: Nanjing Massacre Memorial Hall (war) and Tangshan Earthquake Memorial Hall (disaster). Both landscapes have undergone three or four renovations and extensions in the last four decades, demonstrating the practical effects of the Chinese landscape theory. These examples of responses to trauma through memorial landscape interventions are testimonies to the witnesses, victims, abusers, ordinary people, youth and the place where the tragedy took place. This study will explore the reconstruction and expansion of the two memorials under the background of China's policies on memorial landscapes in different periods, as well as their functions of each stage. The research will examine how existing Chinese memorial theories exhibit unique responses at different times in response to the sadness and needs experienced by different users. Key Words：memorial landscape; memorial language; victims; descriptive; architecture; experence; disaster; memorial hall; landscape development; Chinese memorial; war

Preparation of poly(aryl ether ketone ketone)-silica composite aerogel for thermal insulation application

In this study, poly(aryl ether ketone ketone) (PEKK) with trimethoxysilane pendant groups was prepared first and then chemically cross-linked PEKK-silica composite wet gel was formed through the hydrolysis and condensation reactions of the trimethoxysilane pendant groups at room temperature. Si-29 solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance indicated that 70.5 % of the methoxy groups on silicon participated in the condensation reaction. The formed PEKK-silica composite wet gel was dried by freeze-drying from tert-butanol to obtain PEKK-silica composite aerogel, which consisted of polymer fibers tangled together. By adjusting the concentration of PEKK with trimethoxysilane pendant groups in solution, PEKK-silica composite aerogels with different densities (ranging from 0.17 to 0.40 g/cm(3)) were obtained. The resulting aerogels had small average pore diameters (ranging from 25.0 to 59.4 nm), high surface areas (ranging from 299 to 354 m(2)/g), low thermal conductivities (ranging from 0.024 to 0.035 W/m K at room temperature) and good mechanical property. Although PEKK lost crystallization ability after incorporating trimethoxysilane pendant groups, the cross-linked PEKK still had a storage modulus as high as 1026 MPa at 300 A degrees C. So, even after being heated at 250 A degrees C for 30 min in air, the pore structure of PEKK-silica composite aerogel was still intact.[GRAPHICS]