The effect of periodontal therapy on neopterin and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 levels in chronic periodontitis patients with and without acute myocardial infarction: a case-control study

The presence of neopterin in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) is a marker for local and acute immune activation, and the presence of vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM-1) in GCF is accepted as a marker for chronic vascular inflammation. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate effects of periodontal treatment on GCF levels of neopterin and VCAM-1 in patients with chronic periodontitis (CP) with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) compared with systemically healthy CP patients. Material and methods: Sixty subjects (20 CP patients with AMI, 20 healthy CP patients, and 20 healthy controls) were included. GCF samples were analyzed at baseline and after 3 and 6 months, and the probing pocket depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), bleeding on probing, gingival (GI) and plaque (PI) indices were recorded. We determined neopterin and VCAM-1 levels (concentration and total amount) using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). No significant differences were seen between the AMI+CP and CP groups for PI, GI, GCF levels of neopterin and VCAM-1 at baseline. Results: The number of teeth with 5 mm≤CAL<7 mm and CAL≥7 mm were significantly increased in the AMI+CP group at baseline. There were no significant differences between the AMI+CP and CP for PI, CAL, GCF volumes, and the AMI+CP group had the highest clinical improvement in the number of teeth with 5 mm≤CAL<7 mm at the sixth month. There were significant positive correlations between clinical periodontal inflammation and the presence of neopterin and VCAM-1 in GCF prior to and following periodontal treatment, and between the GCF volume and clinical parameters. Conclusions: Data suggest that the total amount and concentration of neopterin and VCAM-1 in GCF seemed to be closely associated with periodontal disease severity in CP patients with AMI. Moreover, the results of our study demonstrate that the past periodontal status is potentially correlated between groups, with similar periodontal disease severity

İstanbul'da apartman gelişiminin sosyal bağlamının yeniden okunması: 1889-1922

The thesis investigates the early phases of apartment block development in Istanbul, which took place in the second half of the 19th century. Apartment block development represents a unique process in Istanbul. It not only reflects the أwest-orientedؤ side of the Ottoman Empire but also sheds light on the transformation of urban fabric from pre-modern to modern. The emergence of apartment blocks in Istanbul, hence, does not simply imply the adoption of a أwesternؤ and أmodernؤ life, but also reflect a spatial transformation. To clarify this unique process, the thesis studies the social and spatial aspects of apartment block development from 1889 to 1922. The study uses the Annuaire Orientals related to the years of 1889, 1893, 1896, 1910 and 1922. Through the use of the Annuaire data, it investigates on the ءsocial profile̕ of the early apartment residents and ءspatial setting̕ of apartment blocks. Doing this, the study aims to shed light on the socio-spatial differentiation behind the apartment block development.M.S. - Master of Scienc

The Ottoman Urban Ideals under the occidental influences : The Development of the “Northern Sector” of Pera between 1856 and 1922

L'étude se focalise sur une période caractéristique de la fin de l'empire ottoman alors que l'administration urbaine était sujette à un processus de transformation d'une approche "traditionnelle" à une approche "moderne". De façon similaire, cette thèse se concentre sur une zone spécifique d'Istanbul marquée par l'étalement urbain de Pera, la partie occidentale de la ville. Le développement du "Secteur Nord de Pera" reposerait en grande partie sur l'évolution de l'administration urbaine qui a progressivement été mise en place autour d'une règlementation codifiée de l'ère Tanzimat. Comment l'étude de l'étalement urbain de Pera, en grande partie inhabité au milieu du 19ième siècle, révèlerait donc la matérialisation des "idéaux urbains" de l'État ottoman disposé à construire un système moderne d'administration urbaine et ce sous l'influence des minorités étrangère et non-musulmane toujours plus actives au sein de la vie socio-économique de la ville. Dans ce cadre, cette étude se concentre sur l'émergence et le développement du "Secteur Nord de Pera", à travers une analyse morphologique, en espérant clarifier les traits caractéristiques de la modernisation urbaine ottomane à travers ce domaine d'intérêt très spécifique.This study concentrates on a distinctive period of the late ottoman era during which the urban administration was subject to a transformation process from a "traditional" approach into a "modern" one. Similarly, this thesis focuses on a distinctive zone of Istanbul representing the urban extension of Pera, the occidental part of the city. The development of "the Northern Sector of Pera" is expected to owe much to the evolution of the urban administration which was gradually being shaped around the codified regulations of the Tanzimat era. How then the study of the urban extension of Pera, largely uninhabited by the middle of the 19th century, would reflect the materialization of the "urban ideals" of the ottoman state who was willing to construct a modern system of urban administration and who was, doing this, under the influence of foreign and non-Muslim populations which were becoming more and more active on the socio-economic life of the city. In this framework, this study focuses on the emergence and development of "the Northern Sector of Pera" through a morphological analysis by hoping to shed light on the distinctive features of the ottoman urban modernization by this very specific field of interest

The effect of periodontal therapy on neopterin and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 levels in chronic periodontitis patients with and without acute myocardial infarction: a case-control study

The presence of neopterin in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) is a marker for local and acute immune activation, and the presence of vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM-1) in GCF is accepted as a marker for chronic vascular inflammation. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate effects of periodontal treatment on GCF levels of neopterin and VCAM-1 in patients with chronic periodontitis (CP) with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) compared with systemically healthy CP patients. Material and methods: Sixty subjects (20 CP patients with AMI, 20 healthy CP patients, and 20 healthy controls) were included. GCF samples were analyzed at baseline and after 3 and 6 months, and the probing pocket depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), bleeding on probing, gingival (GI) and plaque (PI) indices were recorded. We determined neopterin and VCAM-1 levels (concentration and total amount) using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). No significant differences were seen between the AMI+ CP and CP groups for PI, GI, GCF levels of neopterin and VCAM-1 at baseline. Results: The number of teeth with 5 mm = 7 mm were significantly increased in the AMI+ CP group at baseline. There were no significant differences between the AMI+ CP and CP for PI, CAL, GCF volumes, and the AMI+ CP group had the highest clinical improvement in the number of teeth with 5 mm <= CAL< 7 mm at the sixth month. There were significant positive correlations between clinical periodontal inflammation and the presence of neopterin and VCAM-1 in GCF prior to and following periodontal treatment, and between the GCF volume and clinical parameters. Conclusions: Data suggest that the total amount and concentration of neopterin and VCAM-1 in GCF seemed to be closely associated with periodontal disease severity in CP patients with AMI. Moreover, the results of our study demonstrate that the past periodontal status is potentially correlated between groups, with similar periodontal disease severity

Surface runoff and carbonates-based definition of protection zones for Egirdir Lake in western Turkey

Freshwater of Isparta and Egirdir is supplied from the Egirdir Lake, which is the second largest freshwater lake of the Lakes District in Western Turkey. The Egirdir Lake has been studied within the framework of the Basin Protection Plan Special Provisions of the Egirdir Lake. The impact of runoff is taken into account in determining protection zones of the surface water reservoirs in Turkey. An approach that emphasizes the impact of groundwater flow in addition to the surface runoff has been adopted in this study. Water in Lake Egirdir is often classified as the Class II water according to terrestrial water resources quality criteria in Water Pollution Control Regulation of Turkey. The geological and hydrogeological studies reveal a significant amount of groundwater recharge into the Egirdir Lake through carbonate rocks and alluvial deposits outcropping in the basin, which is why Egirdir Lake still has a less contaminated water quality in spite of heavy pollutants. For this purpose, groundwater flow is prominently used in defining protection zones and surface runoff as well. The inner protection zone, which is defined as the 50-day travel time, and the outer protection zone, defined as the 400-day travel time, were estimated by infiltrometer and pumping tests in alluvium. Pumping tests results were used for the determination of hydraulic conductivities and groundwater levels for the determination of hydraulic gradients. Protection zones in karstic areas are based on the vulnerability map and large karstic springs