A tale of four countries: How Bowlby used his trip through Europe to write the WHO report and spread his ideas

Attachment theory, developed by child psychiatrist John Bowlby, is considered a major theory in developmental psychology. Attachment theory can be seen as resulting from Bowlby's personal experiences, his psychoanalytic education, his subsequent study of ethology, and societal developments during the 1930s and 1940s. One of those developments was the outbreak of World War II and its effects on children's psychological wellbeing. In 1950, Bowlby was appointed WHO consultant to study the needs of children who were orphaned or separated from their families for other reasons and needed care in foster homes or institutions. The resulting report is generally considered a landmark publication in psychology, although it subsequently met with methodological criticism. In this paper, by reconstructing Bowlby's visit to several European countries, on the basis of notebooks and letters, the authors shed light on the background of this report and the way Bowlby used or neglected the findings he gathered

Gränsöverskridande socialmedicin:vård av finska sjuka barn i Sverige 1942–1949

Den här artikeln handlar en omfattande satsning på att transportera ca 5000 sjuka finska barn till Sverige för vård och behandling under och efter andra världskriget. Sjuktransporterna pågick ända till slutet av 1940-talet. Det var ett projekt som försiggick parallellt med förflyttningar av ca 70 000 finska barn för tillfälliga placeringar i Sverige under kriget. Sjuktransporterna skiljde sig organisatoriskt i den meningen att statliga aktörer från både Finland och Sverige var involverade. Den svenska staten bidrog med ett substantiellt finansiellt stöd. Vidare spelade finska och svenska barnläkare på framträdande positioner och med inriktning mot socialmedicinskt reformarbete en viktig roll i igångsättning av projektet. Resultatet blev en gränsöver skridande socialmedicinsk satsning som pågick också flera år efter krigsslutet.The following article concerns a large-scale scheme during WWII set up to transport approximately 5000 sick Finnish children to Sweden for medical care and treatment. The transports took place in parallel with the evacuation and relocation of 70 000 Finnish war children placed mainly in Swedish families but also in institutions. However, the transports of sick children lasted until the late 1940s. They differed from the evacuation and relocation of Finnish war children in the sense that state actors from both Finland and Sweden were involved. The Swedish government put in a substantial financial support for both transports and treatment as well as for the care facilities. Moreover, prominent pediatricians in both countries played an important role in both the initiation and the implementation of the large-schale scheme drawing on social medicine reform work for child and maternal health care

Experiences of guided Internet-based cognitive-behavioural treatment for depression : A qualitative study

Background: Internet-based self-help treatment with minimal therapist contact has been shown to have an effect in treating various conditions. The objective of this study was to explore participants’ views of Internet administrated guided self-help treatment for depression. Methods: In-depth interviews were conducted with 12 strategically selected participants and qualitative methods with components of both thematic analysis and grounded theory were used in the analyses. Results: Three distinct change processes relating to how participants worked with the treatment material emerged which were categorized as (a) Readers, (b) Strivers, and (c) Doers. These processes dealt with attitudes towards treatment, views on motivational aspects of the treatment, and perceptions of consequences of the treatment. Conclusions: We conclude that the findings correspond with existing theoretical models of face-to-face psychotherapy within qualitative process research. Persons who take responsibility for the treatment and also attribute success to themselves appear to benefit more. Motivation is a crucial aspect of guided self-help in the treatment of depression