Višefazni sustav za pretvorbu energije vjetra zasnovan na matričnom pretvarač

Abstract: This paper presents a new variable speed wind energy conversion systems (WECS). It is based on a six-phase asymmetrical squirrel cage induction generator (SCIG) and a matrix converter (MC) as power electronic interface between six-phase SCIG and electrical network. The analysis employs a rotor flux vector control algorithm and a scalar strategy modulated MC to control the generator. Characteristics of MC are used for maximizing the power tracking control when different wind speeds and delivering powers to the grid are simultaneously considered. The MC provides sinusoidal input and output voltages and a unity power factor, but causes an asymmetry in the generator. A current control strategy including the method of suppressing imbalance caused by this asymmetry is discussed. Some numerical simulations are carried out showing the effectiveness of the proposed WECS topology.U ovom radu prikazan je novi sustav za pretvorbu energije vjetra s promjenjivom brzinom. Zasnovan je na šestofaznom asimetričnom kaveznom generatoru i matričnom pretvaraču koji je sučelje između generatora i elektroenergetske mreže. U analizi se koristi vektorsko upravljanje tokom u rotoru i skalarna strategija moduliranog matričnog pretvarača za upravljanje generatorom. Karakteristike matričnog pretvarača koriste se za maksimiziranje slijeđenja snage u slučajevima kada se istovremeno promatraju različite brzine vjetra i snage koja se daje u mrežu. Matrični pretvarač daje sinusni ulazni i izlazni napon te jedinični faktor snage, ali uzrokuje asimetriju u generatoru. Razmotrena je strategija upravljanja strujom koja uključuje metodu za smanjivanje neravnoteže koju uzrokuje asimetrija. Provedene su numeričke simulacije koje pokazuju efektivnost predložene topologije sustava za pretvorbu energije vjetra

Scaling of AlN/GaN HEMT for millimeter-wave power applications

International audienceIn this paper, we report on AlN/GaN HEMTs for high frequency applications. Various gate lengths have been studied as a function of the gate-drain distance in order to analyze the impact on the DC, RF and power performances. Electrical characteristics of this structure for 110 nm gate length show a maximum drain current of 1.2 A/mm, an extrinsic transconductance Gm of 400 mS/mm and a FT/Fmax of 63/300 GHz at a drain bias voltage VDS = 20V. An excellent electron confinement with a low leakage current below 10 µA/mm is achieved. Furthermore, a breakdown voltage of 55 V for GD0.5 and up to 140 V for GD2.5 are observed when using a 110 nm short gate length. Large signal characteristics at 40 GHz reveal a state-of-the-art combination of power added efficiency (PAE) (50%) with an output power density (Pout) of 3.6 W/mm at VDS = 20 V in continuous wave mode (CW) and PAE of 50% associated with a Pout of 8.3 W/mm at 40V in pulsed mode. It can be noticed that the 110 nm gate length GD0.5 showed no degradation after semi-on robustness tests and large signal measurements up-to VDS = 20V

Demonstration of GaN-on-silicon material system operating up to 3 kilovolts with reduced trapping effects

International audienceWe report on the first demonstration of low trapping effects up to 3000 V within GaN-on-silicon epitaxial layers using a local substrate removal (LSR) followed by a thick backside ultra-wide-bandgap AlN deposition. The fabricated AlGaN/GaN devices deliver low specific on-resistance below 10 mΩcm 2 together with unprecedented 3-terminal blocking voltage while substrate ramp measurements show reduced hysteresis up to 3000 V. These results pave the way for beyond 1200 V applications using large wafer diameter GaN-on-Si high electron mobility transistors

Distributed Photovoltaic Architecture for HVDC-bus Feeding with a Simple Evaluation of Optimal Tracking

International audienceThis contribution describes, compares, and analyses two structures and their operating modes dedicated to renewable energy production from photovoltaic (PV) sources. Between the two different technical approaches, photovoltaic sources placed in a distributed architecture supplying a high DC voltage HVDC bus points large advantages. Thus, after preliminary comparison of both solutions and concluding phases, this efficient solution finally constitutes the main original analysis presented in this contribution. The distributed PV structure is investigated, implemented and simulated in an original way under the OrCAD/Pspice software environment. The adaptation stage for maximum power transfer is modelled in detail. A method to calculate the optimal duty cycle for optimal use of PV panels power is proposed, tested and validated by the use of a marketed PV module datasheet

Adsorption of Hexavalent Chromium and phenol onto Bentonite Modified With HexaDecylTriMethylAmmonium Bromide (HDTMABr)

The efficiencies of Hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (HDTMABr) modified bentonite (HDTMABt) for phenol and chromium removal from aqueous solutions were studied in batch experiments at pH = 9 and pH = 2 values, respectively. FTIR, SEM, XRD and BET analyses indicated that the HDTMABr molecules were intercalated in the interlayer and at the external surface of initially Na-bentonite (NaBt). Adsorption experiments showed that the HDTMABt was more efficient than the initial NaBt for the removal of phenol and chromium, simultaneously, the extent of the enhancement differed among these pollutants depending on their affinity towards these samples. The kinetic study revealed a rapid adsorption onto HDTMABt of the pollutants during the initial stage (teq < 1h). The pseudo-second-order equation fitted well to the experimental data. Phenol adsorption on NaBt and HDTMABt could be described by a linear Freundlich equation while Langmuir and Freundlich models were the most suitable for Cr(VI) adsorption on both samples.Â

GaN-based transistors using buffer-free heterostructures for next generation RF devices

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Comparison of Two Common Maximum Power Point Trackers by Simulating of PV Generators

AbstractPower point tracker algorithms play an important role in the optimization of the power and the efficiency of a photovoltaic generator (PVG).We made the comparison between two algorithms currently implemented for the power optimization of PVG. These algorithms are based on the Perturb Observe and the Conductance-Increment methods allowing the Maximum Power Point Tracking, MPPT, principle. The study leads us to conclude that these algorithms are not well adapted for PVG exposures in very unfavorable but realistic external conditions

AlGaN/GaN High Electron Mobility Transistors with Ultra -Wide Bandgap AlN buffer

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The effect of reverse current on the dark properties of photovoltaic solar modules

AbstractForward and reverse dark current-voltage (I-V) and capacitance-voltage (C-V) characteristics of commercial amorphous silicon solar modules, were measured in order to study their performance under the influence of induced reverse currents. Maximum module surface temperatures were directly related to each value of the induced reverse current and in to the amount of current leakage respectively. Microscopic changes as a result of hot spots defects and overheating of the solar module, linked to reverse current effects, were also documented and discussed. Experimental evidence showed that different levels of reverse currents are confirmed to be a major degrading factor affecting the performance, efficiency, and power of solar modules