6-Bromo-3,3-dichloro-1-methyl-1H-2,1-benzothia­zin-4(3H)-one 2,2-dioxide

The monomeric title compound, C9H6BrCl2NO3S, has an envelope-shaped thia­zine ring with the S atom 0.879 (9) Å out of the mean square plane of the envelope. The π–π distances between the centroids of the heterocyclic rings are 4.191 (5) and 4.110 (5) Å. The closest intermolecular inter­actions between the O atoms of the carbonyl and sulfonyl groups with Br and Cl atoms are 2.987 (7) and 2.992 (8) Å, respectively

Methyl 2-[(methyl­sulfon­yl)(prop­yl)amino]benzoate

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C12H17NO4S, contains two mol­ecules, both of which show disorder of the two terminal C atoms of the propyl chain over two sets of sites with an occupancy ratio of 0.581 (6):0.419 (6). Intra­molecular C—H⋯O inter­actions help to establish the mol­ecular conformations: in one mol­ecule, the dihedral angle between the methyl ester group and the benzene ring is 41.0 (2)°, whereas in the other mol­ecule it is 36.12 (17)°. In the crystal, mol­ecules are linked by inter­molecular C—H⋯O and C—H⋯π inter­actions

N-Cyclohexyl-N-methylbenzene­sulfonamide

The title compound, C13H19NO2S, was synthesized by the reaction of N-cyclo­hexyl­amine­benzene­sulfonamide and methyl iodide. The crystal packing is stabilized by weak inter­molecular C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds

N-Cyclo­hexyl-N-(prop-2-en-1-yl)benzene­sulfonamide

The title compound, C15H21NO2S, synthesized by N-alkyl­ation of cyclo­hexyl­amine benzene­sulfonamide with allyl iodide, is of inter­est as a precursor to biologically active sulfur-containing heterocyclic compounds. The cyclo­hexane ring is in a chair form and its mean plane makes a dihedral angle of 53.84 (12)° with the phenyl ring

N-Cyclo­hexyl-N-ethyl­benzene­sulfonamide

The title compound, C14H21NO2S, synthesized by N-methyl­ation of cyclo­hexyl­amine sulfonamide with ethyl iodide is of inter­est as a precursor to biologically active sulfur-containing heterocyclic compounds. There are two independent mol­ecules in the asymmetric unit. The dihedral angles between the mean planes of the phenyl ring and the cyclo­hexyl ring are 40.29 (11) and 37.91 (13)° in the two mol­ecules

A second monoclinic polymorph of N-cyclo­hexyl-N-ethyl­benzene­sulfonamide

The crystal structure of the title compound, C14H21NO2S, is a polymorph of the structure reported by Khan et al. [Acta Cryst. (2009), E65, o2867] which is also monoclinic (space group P21/c). The unit cell in the title structure is approximately half the volume of the previously reported polymorph and the asymmetric unit of the title compound contains one mol­ecule rather than two independent mol­ecules in the other polymorph. In the title mol­ecule, the cyclo­hexane ring is in the typical chair form. In the crystal structure, mol­ecules are linked via weak inter­molecular C—H⋯O inter­actions, forming a chain along the b-axis direction

A Novel Control Approach to Hybrid Multilevel Inverter for High-Power Applications

This paper proposes a hybrid control scheme for a newly devised hybrid multilevel inverter (HMLI) topology. The circuit configuration of HMLI is comprised of a cascaded converter module (CCM), connected in series with an H-bridge converter. Initially, a finite set model predictive control (FS-MPC) is adopted as a control scheme, and theoretical analysis is carried out in MATLAB/Simulink. Later, in the real-time implementation of the HMLI topology, a hybrid control scheme which is a variant of the FS-MPC method has been proposed. The proposed control method is computationally efficient and therefore has been employed to the HMLI topology to mitigate the high-frequency switching limitation of the conventional MPC. Moreover, a comparative analysis is carried to illustrate the advantages of the proposed work that includes low switching losses, higher efficiency, and improved total harmonic distortion (THD) in output current. The inverter topology and stability of the proposed control method have been validated through simulation results in MATLAB/Simulink environment. Experimental results via low-voltage laboratory prototype have been added and compared to realize the study in practice.publishedVersio

N-Cyclo­hexyl-N-ethyl-4-methyl­benzene­sulfonamide

The title compound, C15H23NO2S, contains cyclo­hexyl and ethyl substituents on the sulfonamide N atom and the cyclo­hexyl ring adopts a classic chair conformation. The dihedral angle between the benzene ring plane and the mean plane through the six atoms of the cyclo­hexyl ring is 59.92 (6)°. In the crystal structure, C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds link mol­ecules into sheets extending in the bc plane

Closed-loop elastic demand control under dynamic pricing program in smart microgrid using super twisting sliding mode controller

Electricity demand is rising due to industrialisation, population growth and economic development. To meet this rising electricity demand, towns are renovated by smart cities, where the internet of things enabled devices, communication technologies, dynamic pricing servers and renewable energy sources are integrated. Internet of things (IoT) refers to scenarios where network connectivity and computing capability is extended to objects, sensors and other items not normally considered computers. IoT allows these devices to generate, exchange and consume data without or with minimum human intervention. This integrated environment of smart cities maintains a balance between demand and supply. In this work, we proposed a closed-loop super twisting sliding mode controller (STSMC) to handle the uncertain and fluctuating load to maintain the balance between demand and supply persistently. Demand-side load management (DSLM) consists of agents-based demand response (DR) programs that are designed to control, change and shift the load usage pattern according to the price of the energy of a smart grid community. In smart grids, evolved DR programs are implemented which facilitate controlling of consumer demand by effective regulation services. The DSLM under price-based DR programs perform load shifting, peak clipping and valley filling to maintain the balance between demand and supply. We demonstrate a theoretical control approach for persistent demand control by dynamic price-based closed-loop STSMC. A renewable energy integrated microgrid scenario is discussed numerically to show that the demand of consumers can be controlled through STSMC, which regulates the electricity price to the DSLM agents of the smart grid community. The overall demand elasticity of the current study is represented by a first-order dynamic price generation model having a piece-wise linear price-based DR program. The simulation environment for this whole scenario is developed in MATLAB/Simulink. The simulations validate that the closed-loop price-based elastic demand control technique can trace down the generation of a renewable energy integrated microgrid