Chemical composition and antiproliferative potential of dried wild apple and pear tea before and after in vitro simulated digestion

Decoctions obtained from dried apple and pear fruits were subjected to in vitro digestion in the presence of a food matrix in order to determine changes in the polyphenol content and antiproliferative activity. The total phenolic and total proanthocyanidins contents were determined using spectrophotometrical methods, and the phenolic compounds were analyzed by RP-HPLC/DAD before and after digestion. Chlorogenic acid and phlorizin dihydrate were the major identified compounds. The addition of a food matrix immediately decreased the contents of individual and total phenolics. After digestion, they were slightly elevated but still lower than in the initial samples. Antiproliferative activity was investigated on human epithelial carcinoma cell line (HeLa), human colon carcinoma (LS174) and human foetal lung fibroblast (MRC-5) cells. The exhibited growth inhibition was not correlated with the content of phenolics in the tested samples, indicating that it could not be explained solely by their content. With the exception of the apple decoction effect on HeLa cells, the digestion process resulted in significant increases in the antiproliferative activity

Hemijski sastav ekstrakta semenki bele ribizle

From the seeds of white currant (Ribes rubrum, cv. White Champagne), a new sesquiterpenoid glycoside 1 was isolated, along with two known compounds: dihydrophaseic acid 3'-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (2), and 3-carboxymethyl-indole-1-N-beta-D-glucopyranoside (3). The structure of the new compound was identified as dihydrophaseic acid 3'-O-beta-gentiobioside, based on extensive NMR and MS spectral studies.Iz semena bele ribizle (Ribes rubrum, cv. bela šampanjska) izolovan je novi seskviterpenski glukozid (1), zajedno sa dva poznata jedinjenja: 3'-O-b-D-glukopiranozidom dihidrofazeinske kiseline (2) i 3-karboksimetilindol-1-N-b-D-glukopiranozidom (3). Na osnovu detaljnih NMR i MS studija, struktura novog jedinjenja je određena kao 3'-O-b-genciobiozid dihidrofazeinske kiseline

Comparative Analysis of Phenolic Compounds in Seven Hypericum Species and Their Antioxidant Properties

A comparative analysis of the phenolic compounds in the 70% EtOH extracts of Hypericum acutum, H. androsaemum, H. barbatum, H hirsutum, H maculatum, and H richeri has been carried out using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with photodiode array UV detection and high resolution TOF mass spectrometry. Quercetin, astilbin, I3,II8-biapigenin, orientin, 2"-O-acetylorientin, three phenolcarboxylic acids, and eight flavonols 3-O-glycosides were identified in the extracts on the basis of their on-line UV spectra, accurate mass spectral data, and in comparison of retention times with those from the standards. Fingerprint analysis of the extracts revealed significant differences in the qualitative and quantitative chemical composition of the studied species. Antioxidant assays with various reaction mechanisms were used including ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay, DPPH, ABTS, superoxide anion radical scavenging capacity and inhibition of liposome peroxidation induced by Fe2+. The most potent were extracts of H acutum and H maculatum indicating this Hypericum species interesting for further research aimed as a potentially new source of biologically active compounds

Antiviral activity of medicinal plants extracts against foodborne norovirus

Medicinal plant extracts (MPE) have a broad antimicrobial activity, including antiviral effects. In our study, eleven dry extract of ten different medicinal plant prepared with two solvents (5%, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and 30% ethanol in 5% DMSO) in different concentrations have been examined for anti-noroviral activity. The reduction of norovirus > 1 log10 genome equivalents (GE) has been obtained with 1 mg/mL of Aronia melanocarpa leaf extract (AMLE), dried wine Prokupac (WPE) and Hypericum perforatum extract (HyPE). Some of MPE i.e. HyPE, Aronia melanocarpa fruit extract (AMFE) and Punica granatum (PPE) showed better activity when dissolved in 30% ethanol with 5% DMSO. All results of anti-noroviral activity of tested MPE which achieve lt 0.5 log10 GE are considered as not effective

Flavonoidi iz nadzemnih delova Onobrychis montana subsp. scardica

Rutin (1, main constituent) and two flavone C-glycosides, vitexin (2) and vitexin 2 ''-O-alpha-rhamnopyranoside (3) were isolated from the aerial parts of Onobrychis montana subsp. scardica. They were identified by (1)H-NMR, (13)C-NMR and UV-Vis spectroscopy (procedure with shift reagents), and high resolution ESI-MS. A relatively high content of 1 (5.27 mg/g of dry plant material), measured by HPLC, indicated O. montana subsp. scardica as a new natural source of this biologically active compound. The isolated flavonoid compounds might be of value as chemotaxonomic markers.Iz nadzemnih delova Onobrychis montana subsp. scardica izolovani su rutin (1, glavni sastojak) i dva flavonoidna S-glikozida, viteksin (2) i njegov 2''-O-α-ramnopiranozid (3). Njihova struktura je određena primenom 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR i UV spektroskopije (procedura sa reagensima UV-pomeranja) i masene spektrometrije visokog razlaganja (HR-ESI-MS). Relativno visok sadržaj rutina (5.27 mg/g suvog materijala) određen pomoću tečne hromatografije (HPLC), ukazuje na O. montana subsp. scardica kao nov prirodni izvor ovog biološki aktivnog jedinjenja. Izolovana jedinjenja mogu biti i od vrednosti kao hemotaksonomski markeri

HPTLC-direct bioautography-guided isolation of isogeranic acid as the main antibacterial constituent of Artemisia santonicum essential oil

This study was performed to determine the main antibacterial compounds of the essential oil (EO) of saltmarsh plant Artemisia santonicum (Asteraceae). The combination of HPTLC and direct bioautography was used for the activity guided isolation of isogeranic acid as the main antibacterial constituent with remarkable antimicrobial activity, although it was the minor component of the EO, present only in 0.2 %, as calculated from GC/FID. Its structure was determined by 1D- and 2D-NMR and GC-MS techniques. Antibacterial activity of isogeranic acid against all tested bacteria was significantly higher than EO and even than both controls streptomycin and ampicillin. In further investigation of antibiofilm and antiquorum sensing activity EO exhibited the best inhibition of the biofilm formation at 1/8 minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and isogeranic acid at 1/2 MIC. Both EO and isogeranic acid possessed pyocyanin inhibitory activity showing the reduction of pigment at 60.6 and 62.8 %, respectively, at 1/2 MIC concentrations

Chemical Profile, Radical Scavenging and Cytotoxic Activity of Yellow Gentian Leaves (Genitaneae luteae folium) Grown in Northern Regions of Montenegro

LC-ESI-MS and HPLC were used for the identification of the constituents from G. lutea leaves collected at different localities, as well as for quantification of the main compounds. Seven secoiridoids, five C-glucoflavones and three xanthones, were identified. Swertiamarin derivatives, namely eustornorusside (2), eustomoside (3) and septemfidoside (5), were detected in G. lutea for the first time. Concentrations of five constituents (swertiamarin, gentiopicrin, isovitexin, mangiferin and isogentisin) were determined. The relationship between concentrations of gamma-pyrones and altitude was observed with statistically significant correlation (r = 0.94). The extracts were also evaluated for their content of total phenolics, and antiradical and cytotoxic activities. The total phenolics content ranged from 7.7 to 12.7 mg GAE/g, and the IC50 values for DPPH radical scavenging activity varied between 0.45 to 2.02 mg/mL. The leaf extract exhibited moderate cytotoxic effects toward HeLa cells with an IC50 value of 41.1 mu g/mL, while gentiopicrin, mangiferin and isogentisin exerted strong activity against HeLa cells, with IC50 values ranging from 5.7 to 8.8 mu g/mL. The results confirm the traditional usage of G. lutea leaves and also suggest their possible utilization as hepatoprotective, hypoglycemic and anti-inflammatory agents

Phenolic composition and free radical scavenging activity of wine produced from the Serbian autochthonous grape variety Prokupac - A model approach

Phenolic compounds are very important quality parameters of wine because of their impact on colour, taste and health properties. The present study was aimed at evaluating the general phenolic composition and free radical scavenging activity of aqueous and organic fractions obtained using liquid liquid extraction of red wine produced from the Serbian autochthonous grape variety Prokupac. The total phenolic contents in the different fractions ranged from 48.22 to 289.12 mg GAE per g dry fraction. Phenolic acids (mainly hydroxycinnamic acids) and quercetin 3-O-glucuronide were the main components in the EtOAc fraction at pH 2.0; catechins, phenolic acids (mainly hydroxybenzoic acids) and quercetin were found in the EtOAc fraction at pH 7.0, while anthocyanins were identified in the aqueous residue after EtOAc extraction. The major anthocyanin extracted into the aqueous fraction was malvidin-3-glucoside, while the most abundant non-anthocyanin phenolic compounds in the organic fractions were ethyl gallate and trans-caftaric acid. The radical scavenging activities of the fraction differed significantly and the IC50 values were 138.58 mu g mL(-1) for the aqueous fraction, 17.83 and 3.47 ng mL(-1) for the EtOAc fractions at pH 2.0 and 7.0, respectively. As the EtOAc fractions were found to be more potent radical scavengers, it could be assumed that non-anthocyanin phenolic compounds were responsible for such activity in Prokupac wine

Phenolic and mineral profile of Balkan indigenous apple and pear cultivars

The aim of this study was the determination of phenolic compounds, and mineral nutrients in the pulp and peel obtained from Balkan indigenous apple and pear cultivars. The phenolic composition, assessed by HPLC-DAD and spectrophotometric methods varied significantly between the cultivars for both peel and pulp. Among the apples, the Mekica cultivar had the highest total phenolic content while Secerlija and Zlatna Parmenka had the lowest. In the case of the pear samples, the maximum total phenolic content was found in Crna Takisa while the minimum content was recorded for Bela Arapka. In most of the investigated samples, chlorogenic acid in apples and arbutin in pears were the major detected polyphenolic compounds. With regard to the mineral analysis, K was the most abundant followed by P, Mg, Ca and S. Iron was the dominant microelement in apple peel and pulp samples, while in pear samples the principal microelement was B. The obtained results provide detailed information on the chemical composition of the tested apple and pear cultivars and thereby, could encourage their wider cultivation and consumption

Detection of chokeberry adulteration by HPTLS-based metabolomics

Chokeberry is a plant belonging to the family Rosaceae which has a long history of edible and medicinal use. The aims of this study are: i) to investigate of HPTLC profile of berries samples using HPTLC technique based metabolomics approach, ii) to determine the botanical origin of investigated chokeberry adulterations iii) to identify the most important botanical markers responsible for classification. A simple, rapid, and high-throughput planar chromatography (HPTLC) method was applied in combination with multivariate techniques for differentiating chokeberry samples and identification of the main metabolites of chokeberry and four common adulterants. Images of HPTLC chromatograms obtained using two different detections i.e. visible light and derivatization with natural products reagent were used as a dataset for multivariate analysis. Principal component analysis and Orthogonal Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis confirmed the discrimination of five botanically different samples and recognized their main markers such as responsible for differences between chokeberry and four common adulterants. The obtained results showed that the HPTLC-based metabolomics approach can be a very reliable technique for the detection of chokeberry adulteratio