93 research outputs found
Antimicrobial activity of Thyme (Tymus vulgaris) and Oregano (Origanum vulgare) essential oils against some food-borne microorganisms
The aim of this study was to investigate antibacterial effects of oregano and thyme essential oils (EOs) on some food-borne bacteria. GC-MS analysis of EOs was performed in order to determine their composition and phenols were predominant constituents. The investigation of the antibacterial effects of EOs was performed on Salmonella Enteritidis, Salmonella Thyphimurium, Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Bacillus cereus, and MICs were determined by broth microdilution method. EOs exhibited antibacterial activity against all tested microorganisms
Digitalne preduzetniÄke kompetencije studenata
U radu je predstavljena analiza modela koji ima za cilj da utvrdi jaz izmeÄu neophodnih digitalnih
preduzetniÄkih kompetencija i kompetencija koje studenti stiÄu tokom univerzitetskog obrazovanja. Osim teorijskog
okvira utvrÄivanja jaza, u radu smo se osvrnuli na studiju sluÄaja studenata u Srbiji i Kuvajtu
PoreÄenje morfometrijskih i histoloÅ”kih osobina m. semitendinosus-a kod nazimica i kastrata na zavrÅ”etku tova
The aim of this paper was to investigate the differences in morphometric characteristics and histological structure of m. semitendinosus, between gilts and barrows of German Landrace breed at the end of the fattening period. Morphometric characteristics (weight, length, diameter and cross sectional area) of m. semitendinosus were not significantly different, while gender as a factor influenced the histological properties of this muscle. A very high statistical difference (p lt 0.01) in the total number of muscle fibers in m. semitendinosus was determined, with gilts having a higher total fiber number. The cross sectional area of fast twitch oxidative (FTO) fibers was significantly higher (p lt 0.05) in barrows. Gender did not affect the distribution of different fiber types: in both gender, the most present fiber types (48-52 %) were fast twitch glycolitic (FTG), FTO fibers represented 27-30 % of the total fiber number, while slow twitch oxidative fibers (STO) were the least represented (ā 20 %).Cilj ovog rada je bio da se ispita postojanje razlika u morfometrijskim osobinama i strukturi m.semitendinosus, izmeÄu ženki i kastriranih mužjaka svinja NemaÄkog landrasa, na kraju tova. Morfometrijske osobine (masa, dužina, obim i povrÅ”ina popreÄnog preseka) m. semitendinosus, nisu bile statistiÄki znaÄajno razliÄite izmeÄu polova. HistoloÅ”ka analiza strukture miÅ”iÄa je pokazala da postoje neke razlike izmeÄu polova. Ukupan broj miÅ”iÄnih vlakana u m. semitendinosus bio je veoma znaÄajno (p lt 0.01) veÄi kod ženki nego kod kastriranih mužjaka. PovrÅ”ina popreÄnog preseka FTO vlakana bila statistiÄki znaÄajno veÄa (p lt 0.05) kod kastriranih mužjaka nego kod ženki. Procentualni udeo (zastupljenoost) tipova miÅ”iÄnih vlakana u m.semitendinosus, se nije znaÄajno razlikovao izmeÄu polova. Kod oba pola najveÄi udeo (oko polovinu od svih tipova vlakana) su imala bela brzo kontrahujuÄa glikolitiÄka (FTG) vlakana (48-52 %). Od crvenih, oksidativnih vlakana najmanji udeo (20.23-20.68 %) su imala sporo kontrahujuÄa (STO) vlakna dok su brzo kontrahujuÄa (FTO) vlakna bila zastupljena u veÄem procentu (27-30 %)
Inhibitory effect of thyme and some essential oil components on Salmonella Senftenberg and Salmonella Give
Salmonella is a pathogen of public concern causing health and economic problems worldwide. Salmonella Enteritidis and Salmonella Typhimurium are the serotypes most commonly recognized as causes of human salmonellosis, which is why research is mainly dedicated to prevention or inhibition of these frequently reported serotypes, while less attention is dedicated to the uncommon Salmonella serotypes. Outbreaks of salmonellosis caused by rarer subspecies of Salmonella are increasing, which is why their control is needed. Essential oils derived from plants have gained attention mainly due to their antibacterial properties and potential to be used as a replacement for synthetic additives in the food industry. To the best of our knowledge, there are no literature data about the eļ¬ect of essential oils on Salmonella Give. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the eļ¬ect of thyme and oregano essential oils and thymol, carvacrol, cinnamaldehyde and eugenol on Salmonella Senftenberg and Salmonella Give. Results showed that there were no diļ¬erences between the susceptibility of the examined Salmonella serovars to these essential oils and active compounds. Oregano essential oil, thymol and carvacrol exhibited greater antibacterial activity, followed by cinnamaldehyde, while the Salmonella serovars examined were most resistant to the eļ¬ect of eugenol
A. facialis kod tekunice (Citellus citellus)
A ground squirrel is a hibernator, which hibernation lasts, depending on the age and sex, since the end of the summer until the spring. During this period in the body of ground squirrel, as well as in other hibernators, starts lowering of all vital functions, what has been proven by numerous physiological, biochemical and histological examinations of some organ systems of this animal. The objective of our work was to investigate a part of cardiovascular system of ground squirrel so in that way to contribute to a better knowledge of this animal body structure and accordingly to comparative anatomy in general. The investigation included 6 ground squirrels, of both gender, body weight 200-300 grams. For obtaining head and neck arterial vascularization, after exsanguination of the animal, contrast mass of gelatin coloured with tempera was injected into thoracic aorta (Aorta thoracica). After injecting, the blood vessels were prepared and photographed. For obtaining the corrosive preparations of head and neck arterial blood vessels, after exsanguination of the animal, Biocryl (a mixture of liquid biocryl - methil - methacrylate monomer and biocryl in powder - methil - methacrylate polymer) was injected into thoracic aorta (Aorta thoracica). After injecting the preparations were placed into 5% NaOH, for 96 hours or into 10% NaOH for 48 hours. After that they were rinsed in hot water and photographed. A. facialis in ground squirrel is an extension of A. maxillaris. The branches of A. facialis are: A. labialis inferior, A. bursae buccalis dorsalis, A. labialis superior, A. dorsalis nasi and A. angularis oculi. The obtained results regarding A. facialis in ground squirrel (Citellus citellus) were compared to the same ones in rats. In rats, A. facialis is the biggest branch separating from A. carotis externa. The branches of A. facialis in rats are: Ramus glandularis, A. submentalis, A. masseterica ventralis, A. labialis inferior, A. angularis oris, A. labialis superior, Rami musculares, A. lateralis nasi and A. angularis oculi. Based on the above mentioned results, it can be concluded that both in ground squirrel and rat A. facialis branches into A. labialis inferior, A. labialis superior and A. angularis oculi. In ground squirrel the branches of A. facialis are also A. bursae buccalis dorsalis and A. dorsalis nasi, and in rat those are Ramus glandularis, A. submentalis, A. masseterica ventralis, A. angularis oris, Rami musculares and A. lateralis nasi.Tekunica je prezimar, Äija hibernacija traje, u zavisnosti od uzrasta i pola, od kraja leta do proleÄa. U organizmu ove životinje, kao i kod ostalih prezimara, nastupa veliko snižavanje intenziteta svih životnih funkcija, Å”to je dokazano mnogobrojnim fizioloÅ”kim, biohemijskim i histoloÅ”kim ispitivanjima pojedinih organskih sistema kod tekunice. Cilj rada je bio da obradimo deo kardiovaskularnog sistema kod tekunice i na taj naÄin doprinesemo boljem poznavanju graÄe tela ove životinje i damo doprinos komparativnoj anatomiji. Za ispitivanje je upotrebljeno 6 tekunica, oba pola, telesne mase 200-300 grama. Za dobijanje arterijske vaskularizacije glave i vrata, posle iskrvarenja životinja u grudnu aortu (Aorta thoracica) ubrizgana je kontrastna masa želatin obojen slikarskom temperom. Posle injiciranja, krvni sudovi su preparisani i fotografisani. Za dobijanje korozivnih preparata arterijskih krvnih sudova glave i vrata, po iskrvarenju životinja, u grudnu aortu (Aorta thoracica) ubrizgan je Biocryl (meÅ”avina teÄnog biokrila - metil - metakrilat monomer i biokrila u praÅ”ku - metil - metakrilat polimer). Posle injiciranja, preparati su stavljani u 5% NaOH, 96 sati ili u 10% NaOH 48 sati. Posle toga preparati su ispirani vrelom vodom i fotografisani. A. facialis kod tekunice predstavlja nastavak od A. maxillaris. Grane od A. facialis su : A. labialis inferior, A. bursae buccalis dorsalis, A. labialis superior, A. dorsalis nasi i A. angularis oculi. Dobijene rezultate koji se odnose na A. facialis kod tekunice (Citellus citellus) uporeÄivali smo sa istim kod pacova. Kod pacova A. facialis je najveÄa grana koja se odvaja od A. carotis externa-e. Grane od A. facialis kod pacova su : Ramus glandularis, A. submentalis, A. masseterica ventralis, A. labialis inferior, A. angularis oris, A. labialis superior, Rami musculares, A. lateralis nasi i A. angularis oculi. Na osnovu navedenih rezultata može se zakljuÄiti da se kod tekunice i pacova od A. facialis odvajaju A. labialis inferior, A. labialis superior i A. angularis oculi. Kod tekunice grane od A. facialis su i A. bursae buccalis dorsalis i A. dorsalis nasi, a kod pacova i Ramus glandularis, A. submentalis, A. masseterica ventralis, A. angularis oris, Rami musculares i A. lateralis nasi
Antivirus and antibacterial filters for face masks based on silver quantum dots
Available face masks, used to protect the respiratory system from various types of pathogens, show unsatisfactory efficiency because the size of viruses like severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is much smaller than the void spaces in these masks. Difficult breathing through some masks quickly tires out, which makes ordinary people avoid wearing them. These facts suggest that a new strategy is desirable for designing protective face masks. The aim of the study was to present new filters for face masks to protect people exposed to high concentrations of bacteria and viruses, particularly SARS-CoV-2. Methods. Filters for these masks were manufactured of dense cotton fabric impregnated with silver quantum dots. The filters were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and ion-coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Wettability properties were determined by measuring contact angles with water, and a color fastness test was performed. Antibacterial assay was performed using Staphylococcus (S.) aureus. Viability quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) for virus integrity assay and reverse transcription qPCR (RT-qPCR) assay were used for antiviral activity assessment. Results. In vitro assays showed extremely high efficiency of these filters in destroying S. aureus and SARS-CoV-2 virus. The filters also showed high safety and easy breathing possibilities. Conclusion. The high efficiency of these masks against SARS-CoV-2 has been demonstrated through numerous tests, and they have been approved as anti-SARS-CoV-2 masks for the first time in the world. In the meantime, this solution has been applied in practice, and the data obtained about that are very encouraging
Comparison of RISK-PCI, GRACE, TIMI risk scores for prediction of major adverse cardiac events in patients with acute coronary syndrome
Aim To compare the prognostic performance of three major
risk scoring systems including global registry for acute
coronary events (GRACE), thrombolysis in myocardial infarction
(TIMI), and prediction of 30-day major adverse cardiovascular
events after primary percutaneous coronary
intervention (RISK-PCI).
Methods This single-center retrospective study involved
200 patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) who
underwent invasive diagnostic approach, ie, coronary
angiography and myocardial revascularization if appropriate,
in the period from January 2014 to July 2014. The
GRACE, TIMI, and RISK-PCI risk scores were compared for
their predictive ability. The primary endpoint was a composite
30-day major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE),
which included death, urgent target-vessel revascularization
(TVR), stroke, and non-fatal recurrent myocardial infarction
(REMI).
Results The c-statistics of the tested scores for 30-day
MACE or area under the receiver operating characteristic
curve (AUC) with confidence intervals (CI) were as follows:
RISK-PCI (AUC = 0.94; 95% CI 1.790-4.353), the GRACE score
on admission (AUC = 0.73; 95% CI 1.013-1.045), the GRACE
score on discharge (AUC = 0.65; 95% CI 0.999-1.033). The
RISK-PCI score was the only score that could predict TVR
(AUC = 0.91; 95% CI 1.392-2.882). The RISK-PCI scoring system
showed an excellent discriminative potential for 30-
day death (AUC = 0.96; 95% CI 1.339-3.548) in comparison
with the GRACE scores on admission (AUC = 0.88; 95% CI
1.018-1.072) and on discharge (AUC = 0.78; 95% CI 1.000-
1.058).
Conclusions In comparison with the GRACE and TIMI
scores, RISK-PCI score showed a non-inferior ability to predict
30-day MACE and death in ACS patients. Moreover,
RISK-PCI was the only scoring system that could predict recurrent
ischemia requiring TVR
Inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus by cinnamaldehyde and its effect on sensory properties of milk
The antibacterial activity of cinnamaldehyde was evaluated against S. aureus experimentally inoculated (10(3) CFU/mL) in UHT-pasteurized milk, which was treated with different concentrations of the cinnamaldehyde (0.1% and 0.05%) and stored at 4 degrees C for 12 days. The MIC of cinnamaldehyde was 160 mu g/ml. During the storage period, S. aureus counts in milk were reduced by 0.35-2.77 log CFU/mL. Significantly greater decreases were observed when cinnamaldehyde was added, regardless of the concentration used, compared with the control. A triangle test showed that panellists could detect the difference between milks with different concentrations of cinnamaldehyde (P<0.01). These results suggest that by adding 0.05% cinnamaldehyde to milk, the safety of the milk can be increased and a pleasant, desirable flavour can be obtained
A. Femoralis kod malog zelenog majmuna (Cercopithecus aethiops sabeus)
The small Green Monkey (Cercopithecus aethiops sabeus) in large groups inhabits the African savannah. The animals delivered to us were from East Africa, that is from Kenya, Uganda and Tanzania. The length of the animal is 110 cm, and the tail itself is 50 cm long. They can often be seen in Zoos. According to data, mostly by zoo gardens, these monkeys live for about 15 to 17 years, exceptionally for 20 years. The objective of our work was to investigate a part of their cardiovascular system so in that way to contribute to a better knowledge of this animal body structure and accordingly to comparative anatomy in general. The investigation included 6 Small Green Monkeys, of both gender, 3-4 years old, body weight 2000-3000 grams, obtained from The Institute for Virusology, vaccines and serums from Belgrade. For obtaining the hindlimb arterial vascularization, after exsanguination of the animal, contrast mass of gelatin coloured with tempera was injected into the abdominal aorta. After injecting, the blood vessels were prepared and photographed. In the Small Green Monkey, femoral artery (A. femoralis) is an continuation of the external iliac artery (A. iliaca externa). The branches of the femoral artery are: A. profunda femoris, A. saphena, A. genus descendens and A. caudalis femoralis. A. profunda femoris separates to A. circumflexa femoris lateralis, Ramus muscularis and A. circumflexa femoris medialis. In humans A. femoralis branches into: A. epigastrica superficialis, A. circumflexa ilium superficialis, Aa. pudendae externae, A. profunda femoris and A. genus descendens (A. descendens genus). A. profunda femoris branches into: A. circumflexa femoris lateralis, A. circumflexa femoris medialis and Aa. perforantes. In domestic animals, mammals, the branches of the femoral artery (A. femoralis) are: A. circumflexa femoris lateralis, A. saphena, A. genus descendens and Aa. caudales femoris. In the Small Green Monkey, humans and domestic mammals A. femoralis branches into A. genus descendens. The femoral artery of both Small Green Monkey and humans branches into A. profunda femoris. In the Small Green Monkey and domestic mammala, A. femoralis branches into A. saphena and A. caudalis femoris, that is Aa. caudales femoris in domestic mammals, while in humans it branches into A. epigastrica superficialis, A. circumflexa ilium superficialis and Aa. pudendae externae. The branches of A. profunda femoris in the Small Green Monkey and humans are: A. circumflexa femoris lateralis, A. circumflexa femoris medialis, in the Small Green Monkey also Ramus muscularis, and in humans Aa. Perforantes, too. In domestic mammals A. circumflexa femoris lateralis is a branch of A. femoralis. Based on the results of our studying of the Small Green Monkey femoral artery (A. femoralis), we have concluded that some blood vessels branch from A. femoralis in the same way as in humans, and some as in domestic animals - mammals.Mali zeleni majmun (Cercopithecus aethiops sabeus) u velikim grupama nastanjuje AfriÄke savane. NaÅ”e životinje su dopremljene iz IstoÄne Afrike, odnosno iz Kenije, Ugande i Tanzanije. Njegova celokupna dužina iznosi 110 cm, a samo rep je dug 50 cm. Äesto se viÄaju u zooloÅ”kim vrtovima. Prema podacima, uglavnom zoovrtova, svi majmuni žive oko 15-17 godina, izuzetno 20 godina. Cilj rada je bio da obradimo deo kardiovaskularnog sistema i na taj naÄin doprinesemo boljem poznavanju graÄe tela ove životinje i damo doprinos komparativnoj anatomiji. Kao materijal za ispitivanje koristili smo 6 malih zelenih majmuna, oba pola, starosti 3-4 godine, telesne mase 2000-3000 grama dobijenih iz Instituta za virusologiju, vakcine i serume u Beogradu. Za dobijanje arterijske vaskularizacije zadnjih ekstermiteta, posle iskrvarenja životinja u trbuÅ”nu aortu ubrizgana je kontrastna masa želatin obojen slikarskom temperom. Posle injiciranja, krvni sudovi su preparisani i fotografisani. Kod malog zelenog majmuna butna arterija (A. femoralis) je produžetak spoljaÅ”nje bedrene arterije (A. iliaca externa). Grane butne arterije su : A. profunda femoris, A. saphena, A. genus descendens i A. caudalis femoralis. Od A. profunda femoris se odvajaju A. circumflexa femoris lateralis, Ramus muscularis i A. circumflexa femoris medialis. Kod Äoveka od A. femoralis se odvajaju sledeÄe arterije: A. epigastrica superficialis, A. circumflexa ilium superficialis, Aa. pudendae externae, A. profunda femoris i A. genus descendens (A. descendens genus). Grane od A. profunda femoris su: A. circumflexa femoris lateralis, A. circumflexa femoris medialis i Aa. perforantes. Kod domaÄih životinja sisara grane butne arterije (A. femoralis) su: A. circumflexa femoris lateralis, A. saphena, A. genus descendens i Aa. caudales femoris. Kod malog zelenog majmuna, Äoveka i domaÄih životinja sisara od A. femoralis se odvaja A. genus descendens. Od butne arterije kod malog zelenog majmuna i Äoveka se odvaja A. profunda femoris. Kod malog zelenog majmuna i domaÄih životinja sisara od A. femoralis se odvajaju A. saphena i A. caudalis femoris, odnosno Aa. caudales femoris kod domaÄih životinja sisara, dok se kod Äoveka odvajaju A. epigastrica superficialis, A. circumflexa ilium superficialis i Aa. pudendae externae. Grane od A. profunda femoris kod malog zelenog majmuna i Äoveka su: A. circumflexa femoris lateralis, A. circumflexa femoris medialis, kod malog zelenog majmuna i Ramus muscularis, a kod Äoveka i Aa. perforantes. Kod domaÄih životinja sisara A. circumflexa femoris lateralis je grana od A. femoralis. Na osnovu naÅ”eg ispitivanja butne arterije (A. femoralis) kod malog zelenog majmuna ustanovili smo, da se neki krvni sudovi odvajaju od A. femoralis kao kod Äoveka, a neki kao kod domaÄih životinja sisara
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