Development of human capital in the system of economic categories of work

Today, human capital is one of the main factors in the formation of the knowledge economy, which is the highest stage in the development of an innovative, post-industrial economy. The development of intellectual and spiritual capabilities of a person, as well as the accumulation of human capital, which has a strong influence on the productivity and quality of labor, becomes one of the priorities for the future development of the state. This article discusses the development of human capital in the system of economic categories of labor.peer-reviewe

Water-repellent coatings for surface and 3D wood processing

The paper presents the results of research in organic chemical compositions for hydrophobic protection of wood with the use of surface and three-dimensional coating techniques of impregnation and chemical compositions. Water absorption indicators, angles of contact on the surface of treated samples are detected herein. Kinetic equation of the moisture diffusion transition in capillary-porous structure of wood is suggested

Discrete Family of Dissipative Soliton Pairs in Mode-Locked Fiber Lasers

We numerically investigate the formation of soliton pairs (bound states) in mode-locked fiber ring lasers. In the distributed model (complex cubic-quintic Ginzburg-Landau equation) we observe a discrete family of soliton pairs with equidistantly increasing peak separation. This family was identified by two alternative numerical schemes and the bound state instability was disclosed by a linear stability analysis. Moreover, similar families of unstable bound state solutions have been found in a more realistic lumped laser model with an idealized saturable absorber (instantaneous response). We show that a stabilization of these bound states can be achieved when the finite relaxation time of the saturable absorber is taken into account. The domain of stability can be controlled by varying this relaxation time

Giant piezoelectric response in textured piezoceramics with tetragonal tungsten bronze structure

This work was supported by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation (research projects No. 3.1649.2017/4.6 and № 3.6439.2017)

An Integrated Approach to Measuring Emissions from Confined Animal Feeding Operations at the Whole Facility Scale

Agricultural operations produce a variety of particulates and gases that influence air quality. Agriculture, through wind erosion, tillage and harvest operations, burning, diesel-powered machinery and animal production operations, is a source of particulate matter that can enter human lungs and cause pulmonary problems. Animal production operations can be a source of gaseous emissions such as ammonia, odor-causing volatile organic compounds, hydrogen sulfide, greenhouse gases (methane, nitrous oxides) and airborne pathogens. These emissions can negatively impact human health, property values, and the environment. The presence of buildings and other structures often make whole facility measurement capability a requirement for understanding the source strength and characteristics. The ability to use standoff methods to determine the movement and concentrations of emissions on a whole facility basis opens new capabilities for model development and verification. An integrated system to measure whole facility emission was designed to characterize the complex structures and temporally dependent emission rates often associated with production operations. This approach combines state of the art standoff measurement techniques with standard point source monitoring equipment to provide the calibrated, high spatial and temporal frequency data required to develop and validate the models required for emission reduction and regulation. This effort includes the design, construction and operation of a new multi-wavelength lidar developed to map and track particle emissions. The lidar incorporates a laser emitting simultaneous, pulsed NdYAG laser radiation at 355, 532 and 1064 nm at a pulse frequency of 10 kHz. The system also includes open path FTS measurements for integrated chemical concentrations, and state-of-the-art point measurements of turbulence, particulate and gas concentrations. This approach was evaluated in a multidisciplinary atmospheric study at a swine production farm in Iowa. Aerosol plumes emitted from the facility were prominent phenomena, and their variations with temperature, turbulence, stability and feed cycle were studied, using arrays of particle samplers and turbulence detectors. Other lidar measurements focused on air motion as seen by long duration scans of the farm region. Successful operation of this system confirms the value of the multidimensional approach for the determination of agricultural emissions in the complex terrain often accompanying production facilities

Epigenetic «probes» for lung cancer monitoring: LINE-1 methylation pattern in blood- circulating DNA

Malignant cell transformation is accompanied by two processes of DNA methylation changes: promoter hypermethylation of specific genes and hypomethylation of retrotransposons. The composition of circulating DNA (cirDNA) from plasma and cell-surface-bound circulating DNA (csb- cirDNA) was shown earlier to be altered in the blood of cancer patients due to accumulation of tumor- specific aberrantly methylated DNA fragments, which are currently considered valuable cancer markers. The present study compares LINE-1 retrotransposon methylation patterns in plasma cirDNA and csb- cirDNA from 21 untreated lung cancer patients (LC) and 23 healthy donors. Concentrations of methylated LINE-1 region 1 copies (LINE-1met) were assayed by real-time methylation-specific PCR. In order to normalize the LINE-1 methylation level, the LINE-1 region 2 concentration was evaluated, which was independent of the methylation status (LINE-1Ind). The LINE-1met concentration in csb-cirDNA tended to decrease (by a factor of 1.4) in blood from LC patients in comparison to healthy donors (Mann- Whitney test, P=0.16). The LINE-1Ind concentration in csb-cirDNA (methylation-independent) was found to be threefold lower in LC patients and fourfold lower in patients with adenocarcinoma than in healthy donors. That is why, along with the expected decrease in LINE-1met concentration in csb-cirDNA, we recorded an unexpected statistically significant increase of the LINE-1 methylation index determined as (LINE-1met/LINE-1Ind) due to the profound LINE-1Ind decrease. Plasma cirDNA demonstrated no difference in the LINE-1 methylation index (LINE-1met/LINE-1Ind) between LC patients and healthy donors (Mann-Whitney test, P = 0.40). The data obtained agree with our earlier results, which showed that csb-cirDNA was a highly informative material for lung cancer diagnostics

Search for directional associations between Baikal Gigaton Volume Detector neutrino-induced cascades and high-energy astrophysical sources

Baikal-GVD has recently published its first measurement of the diffuse astrophysical neutrino flux, performed using high-energy cascade-like events. We further explore the Baikal-GVD cascade dataset collected in 2018-2022, with the aim to identify possible associations between the Baikal-GVD neutrinos and known astrophysical sources. We leverage the relatively high angular resolution of the Baikal-GVD neutrino telescope (2-3 deg.), made possible by the use of liquid water as the detection medium, enabling the study of astrophysical point sources even with cascade events. We estimate the telescope's sensitivity in the cascade channel for high-energy astrophysical sources and refine our analysis prescriptions using Monte-Carlo simulations. We primarily focus on cascades with energies exceeding 100 TeV, which we employ to search for correlation with radio-bright blazars. Although the currently limited neutrino sample size provides no statistically significant effects, our analysis suggests a number of possible associations with both extragalactic and Galactic sources. Specifically, we present an analysis of an observed triplet of neutrino candidate events in the Galactic plane, focusing on its potential connection with certain Galactic sources, and discuss the coincidence of cascades with several bright and flaring blazars.Comment: 10 pages, 3 figure

Large neutrino telescope Baikal-GVD: recent status

The Baikal-GVD is a deep-underwater neutrino telescope being constructed in Lake Baikal. After the winter 2023 deployment campaign the detector consists of 3456 optical modules installed on 96 vertical strings. The status of the detector and progress in data analysis are discussed in present report. The Baikal-GVD data collected in 2018-2022 indicate the presence of cosmic neutrino flux in high-energy cascade events consistent with observations by the IceCube neutrino telescope. Analysis of track-like events results in identification of first high-energy muon neutrino candidates. These and other results from 2018-2022 data samples are reviewed in this report