A ringed pole-on outflow from DO Tauri revealed by ALMA

We present new ALMA Band 6 observations including the CO (2-1) line and 1.3 mmcontinuum emission from the surroundings of the young stellar object DO Tauri. TheALMA CO molecular data show three different series of rings at different radial ve-locities. These rings have radii around 220 au and 800 au. We make individual fits tothe rings and note that their centers are aligned with DO Tauri and its optical high-velocity jet. In addition, we notice that the velocity of these structures increases withthe separation from the young star. We discuss the data under the hypothesis that therings represent velocity cuts through three outflowing shells that are possibly drivenby a wide-angle wind, dragging the environment material along a direction close to theline of sight (i= 19◦). We estimate the dynamical ages, the mass, the momentum andthe energy of each individual outflow shell and those of the whole outflow. The resultsare in agreement with those found in outflows from Class II sources. We make a roughestimate for the size of the jet/wind launching region, which needs to be of.15 au.We report the physical characteristics of DO Tauri?s disk continuum emission (almostface-on and with a projected major axis in the north-south direction) and its velocitygradient orientation (north-south), indicative of disk rotation for a 1-2 Mcentral star.Finally we show an HST [SII] image of the optical jet and report a measurement of itsorientation in the plane of the sky.Fil: Fernandez Lopez, Manuel. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas. Instituto Argentino de Radioastronomía. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto Argentino de Radioastronomía; ArgentinaFil: Zapata Gonzalez, Luis Alberto. Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico. Instituto de Astronomia; MéxicoFil: Rodríguez, Luis F.. Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico. Instituto de Astronomia; MéxicoFil: Vazzano, María Mercedes. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas. Instituto Argentino de Radioastronomía. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto Argentino de Radioastronomía; ArgentinaFil: Guzman, Andrés E.. National Astronomical Observatory Of Japan; JapónFil: López, Rosario. Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona. Facultad de Física. Departamento Astronomía y Meteorología; Españ

Carbon capture and flow in a sylvopastoral system of the Colombian Andean zone

A protocol was developed to measure carbon capture and monitor the flow of C as an environmental service provided by a sylvopastoril system (SSP) of Acacia decurrens + Pennisetum clandestinum in the Colombian Andes (2538 m latitude), employing two densities of sowing of trees: high (HD) and low (LD) (1111 and 407 trees/ha) and as the control treatment, areas of pasture only devoid of trees. In addition, the carbon flow between grazing Holstein cows and the soil was evaluated by measuring feces production resulting from consumption of the biomass system. Six years after establishment of the SSP, the total amount of C in trees, pasture plants and soil was estimated at 260 and 251 t/ha for HD and LD, respectively, as compared to 154t/ha for the control. The animal flow of C through animal feces was estimated as 0.50, 0.47, and 0.48 t per standard cow unit (600 kg liveweight) for HD, LD and control, respectively. Averaged across two years, the respective annual increases of C in the aerial part of the trees were 9.9 and 11.2 tC for HD and LD

Contributing factors for self-reported HIV in male Peruvian inmates: results of the 2016 prison census

IntroductionWorldwide, prisons are high-risk settings for the transmission of infectious diseases such as HIV. There is a need to understand the health conditions of prisoners to improve and implement timely strategies for HIV diagnosis and control. Hence, we aimed to identify factors associated with self-reported HIV (srHIV) among Peruvian inmates.MethodsThis study is a secondary data analysis of the First Peruvian Prison Census conducted in 2016. We estimated the prevalence of srHIV in prisoners who were male at birth and the association of srHIV with other social conditions, criminal records, and prevalent health conditions. Nested models identified a multivariable parsimonious model for factors associated with srHIV and yielding prevalence ratios adjusted by the included parameters.ResultsThe census surveyed 71,087 male inmates of whom 0.4% reported srHIV (n = 305), and 82% of whom were receiving antiretroviral treatment (n = 220). In our final multivariable model, srHIV was independently associated with age between 36 and 55 years old vs. >55 years old [parsimonious prevalence ratio (pPR) = 1.98, 95% CI, 0.96–4.08], having a stable partner out of prison (pPR = 1.64, 95% CI, 1.24–2.19), being homosexual (pPR = 4.16, 95% CI, 2.50–6.90), self-report of prevalent tuberculosis co-infection (pPR = 2.55, 95% CI, 1.82–3.58), self-report of prevalent sexually transmitted infections (pPR = 34.49, 95% CI, 24.94–47.70), and self-report of prevalent illicit drug use 30 days before the survey (pPR = 1.91, 95% CI, 1.43–2.56).ConclusionSelf-reported HIV is associated with multiple social, health and prison risks among Peruvian inmates. Deeply understanding these factors would help to design HIV prevention and control strategies in Peruvian prisons

The Post-Stalin Komsomol and the Soviet Fight for Third World Youth

Based upon evidence from archives in Russia, Georgia, Latvia and Estonia, this article examines the ways in which the USSR’s Communist Youth League (Komsomol) worked to advance the Soviet cause among world youth during the Cold War. These ranged from cultural propaganda through to attempts at political subversion, and played a role not just in fortifying the regime’s international standing but also serving important domestic purposes at the same time

The imprint of global climate cycles in the Fuentillejo maar-lake record during the last 50 ka cal BP (central Spain)

We have analysed the geochemical (element analysis), mineralogical and sedimentary facies to characterize the sedimentary record in Fuentillejo maar-lake in the central Spanish volcanic field of Campo de Calatrava and thus be able to reconstruct the cyclicity of the sedimentary and paleoclimatic processes involved. The upper 20 m of core FUENT-1 show variations in clastic input and water chemistry in the lake throughout the last 50 ka cal BP. Being a closed system, the water level in this maar-lake depends primarily on the balance between precipitation and evaporatio

Resistencia antibiótica en Vibrio spp aislados de camarón blanco Litopenaeus vannamei. Alternativas de tratamiento con extractos de Azadirachta indica y Origanum vulgare

The study aimed to characterize the antibiotic resistance in Vibrio spp isolated from Litopenaeus vannamei and to test oregano (Origanum vulgare) and neem (Azadirachta indica) extracts for their inhibition. Farmed shrimp were collected in Santa Rosa (Ecuador) and samples of hepatopancreas, hemolymph and lesions were taken. Fourteen strains of Vibrio spp were isolated. Another 14 strains of Vibrio spp isolated from farmed shrimp from Tumbes (Peru) were obtained through a donation. The antibiotic resistance of the strains against 10 antibiotics and the sensitivity of four of them (two resistant and two multi-resistant to antibiotics) were evaluated using neem and oregano aqueous extracts (EA), ethanolic (EE), as well as purified with soxhlet and rota evaporator (EPSR). The 28 strains studied were resistant to at least one of the antibiotics, 64.3% were multi-resistant and 50% were resistant to oxytetracycline. Neem and oregano EA and EE did not inhibit any of the four strains, but the undiluted neem EPSR inhibited one of the four strains tested, showing a greater inhibitory effect even than oxytetracycline in it. Undiluted oregano EPSR inhibited all four strains tested. It is concluded that there is high antibiotic resistance in Vibrio spp isolated from farmed shrimp in Santa Rosa and Tumbes; that the EPSR of oregano is an interesting alternative to inhibit Vibrio spp resistant to antibiotics, as well as that the EPSR of neem could be used to inhibit some strains of Vibrio spp resistant to oxytetracycline.El estudio tuvo como objetivo caracterizar la resistencia antibiótica en Vibrio spp aislados de Litopenaeus vannamei y ensayar extractos de orégano (Origanum vulgare) y neem (Azadirachta indica) para su inhibición. Se recolectaron camarones de cultivo en Santa Rosa (Ecuador) y se obtuvieron muestras de hepatopáncreas, hemolinfa y lesiones aislándose 14 cepas de Vibrio spp. También se obtuvo por donación otras 14 cepas de Vibrio spp aisladas de camarones de cultivo de Tumbes (Perú). Se evaluó la resistencia antibiótica de las cepas contra 10 antibióticos y la sensibilidad de cuatro de ellas (dos resistentes y dos multirresistentes a antibióticos) a extractos acuosos (EA), etanólicos (EE), así como purificados con soxhlet y rotaevaporador (EPSR) de neem y orégano. Las 28 cepas estudiadas fueron resistentes al menos a uno de los antibióticos, 64.3% fueron multirresistentes y 50% fueron resistentes a oxitetraciclina. Los EA y EE de neem y orégano no inhibieron a ninguna de las cuatro cepas, pero el EPSR de neem sin diluir inhibió a una de las cuatro cepas ensayadas, mostrando tener mayor efecto inhibidor incluso que la oxitetraciclina. Asimismo, el EPSR de orégano sin diluir inhibió a las cuatro cepas ensayadas. Se concluye que existe alta resistencia antibiótica en Vibrio spp aislados de camarones de cultivo en Santa Rosa y Tumbes; que el EPSR de orégano es una interesante alternativa para inhibir a Vibrio spp resistentes a antibióticos; asimismo, el EPSR de neem podría ser usado para inhibir algunas cepas de Vibrio spp resistentes a oxitetraciclina