Littératie universitaire : Accompagner pour favoriser la réussite des Ingénieurs et des Mastérants en informatique (le cas de l'Institut Supérieur d'Informatique de Tunis Al Manar)

International audienceNotre contribution prend appui sur la recherche en didactique universitaire que nous menons dans le cadre de notre thèse. Nous visons deux niveaux : les Ingénieurs et les étudiants du Mastère à l'Institut Supérieur d'Informatique d'Al Manar (ISI). Notre pratique quotidienne d'enseignante de Techniques de Communication orale et écrite nous a amenée à nous interroger sur le jugement d'insuffisance formulé par les évaluateurs du domaine de spécialité et à chercher à comprendre les impacts des dimensions disciplinaires sur les pratiques d'enseignement du français, langue d'enseignement dans les disciplines non linguistiques. Nous avons opté pour une recherche-action vu qu'elle répond à un besoin d'améliorer les pratiques d'apprentissage, d'enseignement ou d'accompagnement. Notre objectif est de mener à bien un projet d'encadrement des pratiques d'écriture et des discours propres au domaine informatique en recourant à un dispositif techno pédagogique hybride sur Moodle 2.7 qui correspond à une phase d'attention à l'apprenant. Il s'agit de passer du paradigme de l'enseignement à celui de l'apprentissage en accompagnant les apprenants dans le développement de leurs pratiques scripturales. Mots clés : didactique universitaire, langue d'enseignement, pratiques d'écriture, dispositif techno pédagogique hybride, encadrement. Abstract Our contribution takes support on the research in university didactics which we realise on our thesis. We aim at two levels: the Engineers and the students of the Master's degree to ISI of Al Manar. Our teacher's daily practice brings us many questions about the judgment of insufficiency formulated by the assessors of the domain of speciality. We try to understand the impacts of the disciplinary dimensions on the practices of teaching french, language of education in not linguistic disciplines. We opted for a research-action which makes us improving the practices of learning education. Our objective is to realise a successful project of supervision the practices of writing and the speeches appropriate to the informatic domain by using hybrid educational techno device on Moodle 2.7 who corresponds to a phase of attention for the learner. It is a question about crossing a paradigm from teaching to learning by accompanying the learners in the development of their scriptural practices

Monétarisation des externalités de transport : un état de l'art

In this paper we suggest a literature review on valuation of transport externalities during the last ten years. In the first part, we will tackle again with the concept of externalities as well as the approaches which have been used in the economic literature so that to study them. In the second part, we will assess the studies on monetary evaluation of external costs (congestion, atmospheric pollution, noise and accidents) at the international level. Then, we will have a critique on the results that were published by various writers.externalities, valuation, the State-of-the Art

A HIGH LEVEL OF VOLLEYBALL PRACTICE ENHANCES BONE FORMATION MARKERS AND HORMONES IN PREPUBESCENT BOYS

Objectives: To examine the effects of volleyball on hormones and biochemical markers before puberty. Methods: 130 prepubescent white boys were investigated in this study. 80 prepubescent volleyball players were divided into two groups according to the duration of training: 40 (age: 11.5 ± 0.6 years), representing the high-level training group (HLG), completed 6 to 8 hours of training/week; 40 (age: 11.2 ± 0.7 years), representing the low-level training group (LLG), completed 3 to 5 hours of training/week. The other 50 non-athletic boys (age: 11.3 ± 0.2 years) were used as control subjects (C). Results: Serum concentration of growth hormone (GH), insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and carrier protein 3 (IGFBP-3), cortisol, bone formation markers (osteocalcin [OC] and bone alkaline phosphatase [BAP], and a bone resorption marker (cross-linked C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen [CTX] were measured. No difference in CTX was observed among the three groups. However, the HLG presented higher levels of bone formation markers (OC, BAP) compared to controls. Hormonal concentrations of GH, IGF-1, IGFBP-3, and cortisol were higher in HLG than in controls. Conclusion: Volleyball did not lead to enhanced bone turnover markers and anabolic hormones of bone after a low-training level when compared to controls. Indeed, a high-training level induces enhanced bone formation markers and basal concentration of anabolic (GH, IGF-1, and IGFBP-3) and catabolic (cortisol) hormones of bone metabolism. Therefore, basal hormone concentrations and bone formation markers were directly related to the intensity and the duration of the training level

SPECIFIC SITES OF BONE EXPANSION DEPEND ON THE LEVEL OF VOLLEYBALL PRACTICE IN PREPUBESCENT BOYS

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 18 months of high and low levels of volleyball practice on bone acquisition. 130 prepubescent boys (mean age 11.4 ± 0.7) were divided into a high-level training group (HLG), low-level training group (LLG), and controls. Bone mineral content (BMC) and bone area at the whole body, lumbar spine L2-L4, femoral neck of the dominant leg, and right and left radius were measured using dual-photon X-ray absorptiometry. Enhanced BMC resulted from high-training volleyball activity in all measured sites except the third left and right distal radius, which is not modified by low-level training in prepubescent players but it was accompanied by a bone area expansion in radius and weight-bearing sites for the HLG, and in legs, whole right and left radius for the LLG. Significant improvement of skeletal tissues is associated with the intensity and duration of volleyball training

First occurrence of a Hymenosomatid crab <i>Elamena mathoei</i> (Desmarest, 1823) (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) in the Mediterranean Sea

Mediterranean fauna is undergoing drastic modifications as a result of anthropogenic activities and global warming. The most important of these is the colonization of the Mediterranean Sea by alien species, many of them entering through the Suez Canal. While many of them are still confined to the Levant Basin, several have extended their distribution westwards to Tunisian waters. The presence of the Indo-west Pacific hymenosomatid crab Elamena mathoei on a rocky shore at Sidi Daoud, Cape Bon Peninsula, Tunisia, is the first Mediterranean record of this species. It is a testimony to the changes in the patterns of invasion in the Mediterranean Sea

The financial contagion between developed and emerging countries with US market : an analysis using NARDL models

Mestrado em IPB-ESTG e ASSOCIAÇÃO DE POLITÉCNICOS DO NORTE (APNOR): Instituto Politécnico do Cávado e do Ave, P. Porto, Instituto Politécnico de Viana do CasteloThe aim of this dissertation is to examinate the short- and long-term asymmetric relationship between the US market and some developed and emerging countries. Based on the literature and given that the academic research on the asymmetric long-run relationship between developed and emerging stock markets is not very developed in the old studies and to our knowledge. So, our objective here is to analyse this relationship by a Nonlinear Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (NARDL) model between the US market and some developed and emerging markets considering the subprime crisis. The outcomes demonstrated that server variables , have short-Terme effects on the market index , SP500, with significant influences from BOVESPA, SPTSX, NIKKEI225, and FTSE on the US market index. However, the SHANGH variable no notable impact. The SP500 is negatively influenced by other factors such as the DAX , STI , and CAC40 . Moreover, there is a long- term cointegration relationship between all markets , and the US market index yield is driven by both positive and negative movements. Thus, the other objective is also to test whether this asymmetric effect between those different market depends on the methodology using a particular group of stock market indices were chosen for a period from 2007 to 2022 using a NARDL model.O objetivo desta dissertação é examinar a relação assimétrica de curto e longo prazo entre o mercado norte-americano e alguns países desenvolvidos e emergentes. Com base na literatura e dado que a pesquisa acadêmica sobre a relação assimétrica de longo prazo entre mercados de ações desenvolvidos e emergentes não é muito desenvolvida nos estudos antigos e para o nosso conhecimento. Assim, nosso objetivo aqui é analisar essa relação por um modelo de Defasagem Distribuída Auto Regressiva Não Linear (NARDL) entre o mercado dos EUA e alguns mercados desenvolvidos e emergentes considerando a crise do subprime. Os resultados demonstraram que as variáveis do servidor têm efeitos de curto prazo no índice de mercado , SP500, com influências significativas da BOVESPA, SPTSX, NIKKEI225 e FTSE no índice de mercado dos EUA. No entanto, a variável SHANGH sem impacto notável. O SP500 é negativamente influenciado por outros fatores, como o DAX , STI e CAC40 . Além disso, há uma relação de cointegração de longo prazo entre todos os mercados , e o rendimento do índice de mercado dos EUA é impulsionado por movimentos positivos e negativos. Assim, o outro objetivo também é testar se esse efeito assimétrico entre esses diferentes mercados depende da metodologia que utiliza um determinado grupo de índices do mercado de ações que foram escolhidos para um período de 2007 a 2022 usando um modelo NARDL

Sirtuin 1 in rat orthotopic liver transplantation: An IGL-1 preservation solution approach

© The Author(s) 2015. AIM: To investigate the possible involvement of Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) in rat orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT), when Institute Georges Lopez 1 (IGL-1) preservation solution is enriched with trimetazidine (TMZ). METHODS: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were used as donors and recipients. Livers were stored in IGL-1 preservation solution for 8h at 4 °C, and then underwent OLT according to Kamada's cuff technique without arterialization. In another group, livers were stored in IGL-1 preservation solution supplemented with TMZ, at 10-6 mol/L, for 8 h at 4 °C and then underwent OLT. Rats were sacrificed 24 h after reperfusion, and liver and plasma samples were collected. Liver injury (transaminase levels), mitochondrial damage (glutamate dehydrogenase activity) oxidative stress (malondialdehyde levels), and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), the co-factor necessary for SIRT1 activity, were determined by biochemical methods. SIRT1 and its substrates (ac-FoxO1, ac-p53), the precursor of NAD+, nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT), as well as the phosphorylation of adenosine monophosphate activated protein kinase (AMPK), p-mTOR, p-p70S6K (direct substrate of mTOR), autophagy parameters (beclin-1, LC3B) and MAP kinases (p-p38 and p-ERK) were determined by Western blot. RESULTS: Liver grafts preserved in IGL-1 solution enriched with TMZ presented reduced liver injury and mitochondrial damage compared with those preserved in IGL-1 solution alone. In addition, livers preserved in IGL-1 + TMZ presented reduced levels of oxidative stress. This was consistent with enhanced SIRT1 protein expression and elevated SIRT1 activity, as indicated by decreased acetylation of p53 and FoxO1. The elevated SIRT1 activity in presence of TMZ can be attributed to the enhanced NAMPT protein and NAD+/NADH levels. Up-regulation of SIRT1 was consistent with activation of AMPK and inhibition of phosphorylation of mTOR and its direct substrate (p-p70S6K). As a consequence, autophagy mediators (beclin-1 and LC3B) were overexpressed. Furthermore, MAP kinases were regulated in livers preserved with IGL-1 + TMZ, as they were characterized by enhanced p-ERK and decreased p-p38 protein expression. CONCLUSION: Our study shows that IGL-1 preservation solution enriched with TMZ protects liver grafts from the IRI associated with OLT, through SIRT1 up-regulation.Supported by Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias, No. FIS PI12/00519; and Eirini Pantazi is the recipient of a fellowship from AGAUR, No. 2012FI_B00382, Generalitat de Catalunya, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.Peer Reviewe

Losartan activates sirtuin 1 in rat reduced-size orthotopic liver transplantation

© 2015 Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved. Aim: To investigate a possible association between losartan and sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) in reduced-size orthotopic liver transplantation (ROLT) in rats. Methods: Livers of male Sprague-Dawley rats (200-250 g) were preserved in University of Wisconsin preservation solution for 1 h at 4°C prior to ROLT. In an additional group, an antagonist of angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R), losartan, was orally administered (5 mg/kg) 24 h and 1 h before the surgical procedure to both the donors and the recipients. Transaminase (as an indicator of liver injury), SIRT1 activity, and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+, a co-factor necessary for SIRT1 activity) levels were determined by biochemical methods. Protein expression of SIRT1, acetylated FoxO1 (ac-FoxO1), NAMPT (the precursor of NAD+), heat shock proteins (HSP70, HO-1) expression, endoplasmic reticulum stress (GRP78, IRE1α, p-eIF2) and apoptosis (caspase 12 and caspase 3) parameters were determined by Western blot. Possible alterations in protein expression of mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPK), such as p-p38 and p-ERK, were also evaluated. Furthermore, the SIRT3 protein expression and mRNA levels were examined. Results: The present study demonstrated that losartan administration led to diminished liver injury when compared to ROLT group, as evidenced by the significant decreases in alanine aminotransferase (358.3 133.44 vs 206 33.61, P + (0.87 0.22 vs 1.195 0.144, P < 0.05) the co-factor necessary for SIRT1 activity, as well as with decreases in ac-FoxO1 expression. Losartan treatment also provoked significant attenuation of endoplasmic reticulum stress parameters (GRP78, IRE1α, p-eIF2) which was consistent with reduced levels of both caspase 12 and caspase 3. Furthermore, losartan administration stimulated HSP70 protein expression and attenuated HO-1 expression. However, no changes were observed in protein or mRNA expression of SIRT3. Finally, the protein expression pattern of p-ERK and p-p38 were not altered upon losartan administration. Conclusion: The present study reports that losartan induces SIRT1 expression and activity, and that it reduces hepatic injury in a ROLT model.Supported by Grants from Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias, No. FIS PI12/00519; fellowship from Agència de Gestió d’Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca, No. 2012FI_B00382; Generalitat de Catalunya, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain (to Pantazi E)Peer Reviewe