Analysis of major fragrant compounds from citrus grandis flowers extracts

Various sampling techniques such as hydrodistillation, Soxhlet extraction and solid phase micro extraction (SPME) were used to extract compounds, i.e. the active components attributed to fragrance of C. grandis flowers. Gas chromatograph mass spectrometry was then used to identify and quantify the active components obtained from the techniques. The results thus far showed that, buds and blossoms of this flower which possesses a strong floral-, jasmine- and orange-like aroma contain β-myrcene, limonene, ocimene, linalool and caryophyllene as the major compounds. In hydrodistillation technique the levels of ocimene and linalool detected in blossom were higher than in the bud at 7.37 and 15.93%, respectively, while in the bud, limonene was the highest, i.e. 4.57%. In Soxhlet extraction, however the bud was found to consist of limonene (27.25%), ocimene (5.55%) and linalool (2.97%). The performance of three available SPME fibers was compared to evaluate the recoveries of volatile compounds in C.grandis flowers and 100 μm polydimethylsiloxane was found to be the most effective

The Impacts of Relational Norms and Relationship Quality on Franchise Firm’s Performance: The empirical of Malaysian Franchisee

Franchising is one of the best way for expanding a business in the competitive industry and global market. Franchising industries are growing rapidly in most countries and have contributed to the growth of gross domestic product. This study adopts a quantitative approach, applying a cross-sectional study. This study attempts to examine empirically relational mechanisms which may influence the relationship quality and business performance in franchising relationship from franchisees perspective. The findings reveal that relational mechanisms are crucial in affecting franchisee relationship quality. The results provide strong evidence that franchisee relationship quality is found to significantly affect business performance in the franchise system

Do moral philosophies influence auditors’ ethical judgments? / Maheran Zakaria, Hasnah Haron and Ishak Ismail

The increasing number of financial scandals resulting from auditors’ unethical judgment has led to public distrust on the morality of auditors. Hence, the message is clear; to be relevant, auditors must be ethical in their behavior and judgments. As such, it is important to understand and investigate factors that influence auditors’ ethical judgments. This paper attempts to examine the influence of two moral philosophies namely deontology and teleology evaluations on auditors’ ethical judgments. A total of 940 questionnaires were sent to audit firms in Malaysia. About 250 auditors responded with 224 questionnaires were usable. By using Structural Equation Modeling of AMOS 16.0, the study found that there were significant relationships between these two philosophies namely deontology and teleology evaluations on auditors’ ethical judgments. Findings of this study will be useful for Malaysian Institute of Accountants (MIA), the government, audit firms and institutions of higher learning in their effort to improve auditors’ ethical judgments which can uphold the credibility and viability of the auditing profession

Build IoT through Virtual Reality

Virtual Reality is a new form as integration of technologies that overlays computer-generated information on real world. Virtual reality can be used to enhance student learning and engagement. VR education can transform the way educational content is delivered; it works on the premise of creating a virtual world, real or imagined and allows users not only see it but also interact with it. Hence, educator has begun to seek technologies that have potential to be integrated in education in order to help students learn effectively and enhance their understanding. The focus of this research is on development of mobile application on Raspberry Pi topic by using Virtual Reality technology from Computer Architecture and Organization subject in Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris (UPSI). Student have difficulty to understand and even not know what is Raspberry Pi besides less usage of mobile application on Virtual Reality, the application could help them understand the functionality of Raspberry Pi better and effectively. By using Prototyping Model, evaluation phase consisted of post tested have been carried out on target user as to see the learning effectiveness from student achieved. The result of finding shows that the students think that VR-Pi application is easy to use and the note provided is appropriate and easy to understand. Thus, this mobile application of VR technology could enhance the traditional form of teaching and learning in order to improve student’s knowledge and interest about Raspberry Pi which improves their understanding and experience using technology for learnin

INDUCTION OF CALLUS FORMATION FROM DIFFERENT PARTS OF Citrus grandis (OSBECK) FLOWERS

            The objectives of the present work were to study the capability of pomelo’s floral tissues to produce callus and to investigate the influence of plant growth regulators on callus induction and development. Various parts of flower namely petal, sepal, style, ovary, pistil and cup base were cultured onto Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium supplemented with different level of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 6-Furfurylaminopurine (kinetin). It was found that different part of flowers favored different level of hormone for callus induction. The highest formation of callus were obtained from petal and sepal cultured on MS media supplemented with 1.5 mg/l kinetin. For the style and pistil, 50 ± 2.3% of the explants had developed callus when cultured on MS media supplemented with 0.05 mg/l and 0.10 mg/l BAP respectively. On the other hand, sucrose agar (SA) media alone had managed to induce callus formation from almost every part of the flowers with a success rate between 7.69 ± 0.32 to 50 ± 3.18%. Callus formation was preferred from the uncut part of flowers as shown in the study on petal with percentage of formation was 14.6 ± 0.35%

Prácticas genéricas académicas: nivel de integridad

Previous studies show that there are still issues of integrity among academics. Therefore, the focus of this study is to identify academics’ level of integrity in practicing their generic tasks. Based on the data collected via questionnaires, 164 academics evaluated themselves at a high level of integrity in their generic task with the mean score of 9.45 over 10.0. Academics also evaluated themselves as at a high level for all integrity values with the mean score of 9.41 to 9.54 that are for prudent, sincerity, accountability, credibility, self-discipline, and trustworthy. The implication is that, academics need no training to upgrade their integrity. However, from time to time, it is good to have a reminder of good deeds specially to ensure integrity becomes a culture among academics.Estudios previos muestran que todavía hay problemas de integridad entre los académicos. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de este estudio es identificar el nivel de integridad de los académicos al practicar sus tareas genéricas. Sobre la base de los datos recopilados a través de cuestionarios, 164 académicos se evaluaron a sí mismos con un alto nivel de integridad en su tarea genérica con un puntaje promedio de 9.45 sobre 10.0. Los académicos también se evaluaron a sí mismos como de alto nivel para todos los valores de integridad con un puntaje promedio de 9.41 a 9.54 que son prudentes, sinceridad, responsabilidad, credibilidad, autodisciplina y confianza. La implicación es que los académicos no necesitan capacitación para mejorar su integridad. Sin embargo, de vez en cuando, es bueno tener un recordatorio de las buenas acciones, especialmente para garantizar que la integridad se convierta en una cultura entre los académicos

Reality therapy group counseling approach on metacognitive awareness in mathematics

The aim of this study was to identify the effect of Reality Therapy Group Counseling (RTGC) and metacognitive levels on student who failed their Mathemathics subject. Metacognitive Awareness Inventory (Schraw and Dennison, 1994) was used to measure students’ metacognitive level. The study conducted on 120 Form Four students who failed their Mathematics in their Form Three examination. This study utilized a quasi experimental with pre-test and post-test group design. The treatment group received eight sessions of RTGC with 90 minutes per session in two months while control group did not received any treatment. The results showed treatment group had a higher mean (mean=134.817; SD=31.708) after intervention compare to the control group (mean=116.283; SD=26.175) for metacognitive and all the dimensions in metacognitive (declarative knowledge, procedural knowledge, conditional knowledge, planning, information management strategies, comprehension monitoring, debugging and evaluation).These finding shows that RTGC contributed as an important treatment in increasing metacognitive student who failed their Mathematics subject

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) with liver metastasis in pregnancy

Introduction: Cancer in pregnancies is the second most common cause of death after trauma in woman of reproductive age and confounds about 0.1 to 0.2% of pregnancies1,2) and rarely nasopharyngeal carcinoma being the aetiology. Objective: This report describes a pregnant woman in which an advanced-stage NPC was diagnosed and managed accordingly with a review of some related literature reviews. Case report: 29 year old Chinese lady was diagnosed with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) during her third trimester with very short history. She initially presented to us at 34 weeks of pregnancy with a painless right neck swelling and a chronic non-productive cough for one month duration. She was initially thought to have tuberculous lymphadenitis. A routine rigid endoscopic nasopharyngoscope examination revealed a right Fossa of Rosenmuller (FOR) mass. Biopsy of the nasal mass and fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of the neck swelling further confirmed nasopharyngeal carcinoma- non keratinizing type. After discussion with her obstetrician and the patient, she underwent an elective induction of labor at 36 weeks of gestation, and delivered a healthy 2.77 kg baby boy. Computer tomography (CT) neck, thorax and abdomen were performed 2 weeks postpartum. The imaging showed fullness of the right FOR with metastases to right level 2 cervical lymph node along with metastatic deposits in 2 segments of the liver. She was then referred to oncology unit for further management. Conclusion: In conclusion, high index of suspicion is important in detection of NPC even in pregnant ladies with suspicious neck swelling. Method of detecting NPC early in pregnancy is essential in order to give optimize treatment, achieve potential for full recovery and also reduced the adverse risk and complications associated with NPC

A comparative study of the experimental and the theoretical elastic data of Tm3þ doped zinc borotellurite glass

A series of glass samples with composition {[(TeO2)0.7(B2O3)0.3]0.7[ZnO]0.3}1-x{Tm2O3}x was prepared by using the melt-quenching technique. Then, the samples were characterized by using the densimeter, FTIR and ultrasound technique. The variations of density, molar volume, ultrasonic velocity, elastic moduli,and Poisson’s ratio were discussed and correlated with the composition of the glass samples and the FTIR spectra. It was found that the addition of thulium caused bridging and non-bridging oxygen to be formed at the same time due to the different effect that occur to tellurite and borate network as thulium is added. As thulium is varied from 1 until 3 mol%, bridging oxygens had been found to occur at a high rate and caused the ultrasonic velocity to increase. Nonetheless, when thulium oxide exceeded 3 mol%, nonbridging oxygens formed at a high rate. As a result, ultrasonic velocity was reduced. Furthermore, the values of elastic moduli (including bulk, shear, Young’s modulus, and Poisson’s ratio) were compared with the data that were calculated theoretically by using bulk compression, Makishima-Mackenzie, and Rocherulle models