Parametric investigation of fixed-tray, semi-continuous distillation column for ethanol separation from water

This work was aimed to evaluate the parameters affecting the separation of model fermentation broth (7 mole% ethanol) using 10-tray, semi-continuous distillation column. Ethanol compositions in distillate and bottoms were determined at different reflux ratios and feed locations. Results show that the distillation of lower ethanol concentration is better carried out at higher reflux ratio with feed charged at the middle or bottom tray for good overall tray efficiency. The distillation unit is able to purify the feed to 78 mole% ethanol in distillate. Through trial-and-error stepping off, about 81 mole% was predicted as optimum ethanol purity at reflux ratio of 2.33, while a lower reflux ratio of 1.44 was estimated for 78 mole%. Fixed-tray, semi-continuous distillation is a suitable option to concentrate fermentation broth with sufficient ethanol purity

Bio-polishing sludge adsorbents for dye removal

The objective of this work is to evaluate the removal of methylene blue dye by bio-polishing sludge-based adsorbents. The adsorbents were characterized according to the specific surface area, pH upon the treatment and surface functional groups. The adsorption of dye was carried out at room temperature, and the adsorption data were analyzed using the isotherm and kinetics models. The bio-polishing sludge is rich in ash content, and the presence of surface functional groups varied with the treatment strategies. The specific surface area of adsorbents is between 7.25 and 20.8 m2/g. Results show that the maximum removal of methylene blue by sludge adsorbents was observed to have the following order: untreated sludge (SR) > zinc chloride-treated (SZ) > microwave-dried (SW) = potassium carbonate-treated (SK) > acid-washed (SH). The maximum adsorption capacities for SR and SZ as predicted by the Langmuir model are 170 and 135 mg/g, respectively. Although SR demonstrates a higher maximum removal than SZ, the latter exhibits greater removal intensity and rate constant even at high dye concentration. The bio-polishing sludge is a promising adsorbent for dye wastewater treatment

Implementasi Pembangunan Berkelanjutan Berwawasan Lingkungan Studi pada Kelurahan Lempake Kecamatan Samarinda Utara Kota Samarinda

This study aimed to analyze the implementation of environmental sustainable development in the Urban Village Lempake District of North Samarinda Samarinda.This research object is the environment at the Village area Lempake District of North Samarinda Samarinda. This study used a type of qualitative research. Methods of data collection is done by observation, interviews, literature and documentaries. Data analysis techniques in this study using a model of Miles and Huberman.The results of this study were (i) aspects of development (development) shows that the construction of public facilities and infrastructure such as roads, bridges, water supply lines, drainage channels or ditches that have been implemented by the government in-village Lempake good enough and progress although not evenly kesejumlah significant area; (Ii) environmental aspects (environment), environmental conditions around the Village Lempake fairly clean, but still need to be improved cleanliness, public awareness and concern for the environment became a major factor in preventing and minimizing the occurrence of the problems that exist in the environment; (Iii) social aspects (society), public awareness of the environment around the Village Lempake quite good, with the activities of the mutual assistance, but still need to be improved; (Iv) economic aspects (economy), environmental conditions in the Village Lempake enough support to economic activity surrounding communities. The opportunity to work in the surrounding environment is also quite good, it can be inferred from the extent of land that can be used

Sequestering atmospheric CO₂ inorganically:a solution for Malaysia's CO₂ emission

Malaysia is anticipating an increase of 68.86% in CO2 emission in 2020, compared with the 2000 baseline, reaching 285.73 million tonnes. A major contributor to Malaysia's CO2 emissions is coal-fired electricity power plants, responsible for 43.4% of the overall emissions. Malaysia's forest soil offers organic sequestration of 15 tonnes of CO2 ha(-1) year(-1). Unlike organic CO2 sequestration in soil, inorganic sequestration of CO2 through mineral carbonation, once formed, is considered as a permanent sink. Inorganic CO2 sequestration in Malaysia has not been extensively studied, and the country's potential for using the technique for atmospheric CO2 removal is undefined. In addition, Malaysia produces a significant amount of solid waste annually and, of that, demolition concrete waste, basalt quarry fine, and fly and bottom ashes are calcium-rich materials suitable for inorganic CO2 sequestration. This project introduces a potential solution for sequestering atmospheric CO2 inorganically for Malaysia. If lands associated to future developments in Malaysia are designed for inorganic CO2 sequestration using demolition concrete waste, basalt quarry fine, and fly and bottom ashes, 597,465 tonnes of CO2 can be captured annually adding a potential annual economic benefit of (sic)4,700,000.</p

Case Report: Renal Artery Aneurysm Presenting with Hematuria

Renal artery aneurysm is a relatively uncommon form of renovascular disease. Early diagnosis by appropriate imaging is essential in order to avoid emergency nephrectomy for rupture. We report a 78 year old man who presented with gross hematuria. Doppler ultrasound and CT showed aneurysm of the right renal artery. Because of hemodynamic instability, right nephrectomy was performed with a good outcome.Key Words: Renal artery, aneurysm, treatmen