The Importance of Islamic Art in Mosque Interior

AbstractMosques, as symbol of Islamic architecture must play an important role in reflecting the superiority of Allah the Almighty. There are many ways in making it successful and one of them is through the high quality of aesthetic value. Aesthetic value in Islamic art and architecture is normally portrayed by the highest degree of motifs and ornamentation. Contemporary mosque designers normally focused on the majestic looks of the exterior part of the mosques and leave the manipulation of the interior space to the users. There are scholars who said that mosques should act as community development centre, some decided on the uniqueness of traditional Malaysian architecture and some believed that mosques must have domes and minarets as symbols of Islamic architecture. This paper realized on the aesthetics and beauty of mosque interior that fulfils the psychological needs of human beings: that is to be inside a beautiful ambience. Ornamentation should be taken as part of mosque components and not as mere decorations done after-thought or filling in the gap. The main objective of the paper is why is it important to focus the ornamentation towards mosque interior so that ornamenting the mosque will not be done uncontrollably and unnecessarily

Effect of Mullite Formation on Properties of Aluminosilicate Ceramic Balls

AbstractIn order to study the effect of mullite phase on the physico-mechanical of the aluminosilicate ceramic balls, 3 ceramic balls made of clay, feldspar and quartz were prepared. However, in this work, the clays were selected from i.e., Trong, Perak (TC), Simpang Pulai, Perak (SP) and Selendang, Pahang (SC) and were identified as CBT, CBP and CBS, respectively. The formulation of each clay was fixed to 30wt.% clay; 40wt.% potash feldspar; 40wt.% silica sand. The mixtures later,were dried for 6hours under 25 oC of room temperatures. Prior to shape balls, 30wt.% of water was added to the mixtures in order to form dough. The dough was aged for 24hours to homogenous the plasticity before shaped to 19mm of spherical balls. The balls were dried in an oven at 110°C for 24hours before fired at 1250°C for 2hours. The phase formation of each mixture was investigated via X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD). Meanwhile, the physico-mechanical of ceramic balls was determined according Universal Oil Products (UOP). It is found that CBT exhibited outstanding physico-mechanical which has crushing strength 1270kg compared to CBP and CBS due to the presence of mullite phase. This enables their use for ceramic balls as catalyst bed support in refining applications

Effect of postharvest storage of whole fruit on physico-chemical and microbial changes of fresh-cut cantaloupe (Cucumis melo L. reticulatus cv. Glamour)

Cantaloupes continue to ripen after harvesting which is caused by ethylene production due to climacteric behaviour during postharvest storage. In this study, the cantaloupe fruits harvested at commercial maturity were evaluated for quality attributes during three weeks of storage at 10°C and a relative humidity (RH) of 90±5%. In addition, fresh-cut samples were stored for a further 19 days at 2°C and 87% RH. The fresh-cut samples were prepared on a weekly basis by dipping into deionised water (control) at 2°C for 1 minute. The effect of postharvest storage of cantaloupe on the physico-chemical properties and microbial activity was observed prior to fresh-cut processing. It was found that firmness, luminosity (L*), and titratable acidity (TA) decreased, while total soluble solids (TSS), pH, TSS:TA ratio, microbial activity (total plate count (TPC) and yeast and mould (YM)) of the fresh-cut increased over the postharvest storage period of the fruit. Meanwhile, the orange colour and the intensity (hue angle, hab, and chromaticity) of the flesh did not differ significantly during storage. The cantaloupe stored for three weeks at a low temperature indicated a successful potential for fresh-cut processing due to good maintenance of the product quality

Life buoy

A lifebuoy such as figure 1, or we can call as ring buoy, lifering, lifesaver, life donut, life preserver or lifebelt, also known as a "perry buoy", or "kisby ring". The "kisby ring", or sometimes will be call "Kisbie ring", is thought to be named after Thomas Kisbee (1792–1877) who was a British naval officer. Lifebuoy is a lifesaving buoy designed to save someone in the water. It also can provide buoyancy and prevent drowning. To improve aid rescue at night, mostly lifebuoys are fitted with one or more seawater-activated lights

Development of a twin-head infusion pump for micromixing

Mixing is a crucial process in most of the industrial technology such as the operation of chemicals and fermentation reactors, combustion engines, polymer blends, and pharmaceutical formulations [1]. For handling a smaller volume of liquid, micromixing is a suitable method that can be applied. Micromixing (micromixer) is one of the microfluidic functions for mixing and blending liquids as precursors for biological process such as cell activation, enzyme reaction, and drug delivery system [2, 3]. There are several advantages of applying microfluidic device (micromixer) in the chemical technological processes such as processing accuracy, efficiency, minimum usage of reagents and ease of disposing of devices and fluids [3]. Basically, micromixers are categorised into passive and active micromixers. Passive micromixer consists of no moving parts and free from additional friction. It does not use external forces, fully dependent on molecular diffusion and chaotic advection for mixing process [4]. In contrast to active micromixers, external forces are applicable to active micromixers by implementing moving elements either within the microchannels, a time-variant, or a pressure field [5]. To create the pressure field differences for moving the liquid within the micromixer, an infusion pump is usually applied

On-line power quality monitoring system using compactRIO device: a review on system development

Power quality is an important issue in the power system. If power quality problem occurred, the effects such as manufacturing interruptions, loss of production, loss of revenue, lost of opportunities, product damage, and wasted energy and decreased equipment life will significantly be affected. One of the ways to detect the power quality problem is by on-line monitoring. This monitoring can be done by accessed to the point address in networking and those who involved in this site can go through for a quick assessment. This paper comprises of modelling the system, which is developed in LabVIEW environment and integrated using a powerful CompactRIO system. Detail of the modules and integration process are presented, together with the initial result obtained from data monitoring

Electrical withstand performance of Malaysian based palm oil under influence of HVDC stress

Overvoltage is a phenomenon where electrical waveform applied to circuit or device exceeds normal operating parameters. The sources of overvoltage are often unpredictable and can lead to permanent degradation, failure or temporary malfunction of devices and systems. Equipment running with HVDC needs to be equipped with a proper protection system and insulation strength properties better than typically being rated to the HVAC system

Observation on void formed in oxide scale of Fe-Cr-Ni alloy at 1073K in dry and humid environments

Void formation in oxide scale during high temperature oxidation is a common phenomenon. Over a long period of time voids will affect the mechanical property of scales by influencing the cracking and spalling. Voids formed in dry environment are different than that of formed in humid environment. With the presence of water vapor in humid environment the formation of void will increase, thus greater number of void compared to that in dry environment. Fe-Cr-Ni alloy samples were exposed isothermally at 1073 K in air (P_(O_2)= 0.21atm = 2.1 x? 10 5 Pa) and humid (air + steam) environments. XRD analysis done to all samples confirms that Fe2O3, Fe3O4, NiCr2O4, FeCr2O4, Cr2O3 and NiO phases exist in the scale. EDX analysis done shows varying compositions of Fe,Cr,Ni and O in outer and inner oxide scale, oxide scale/metal interface and metal. Field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) was used to investigate voids formed in the cross sections of the oxidized samples. Volume fraction of voids in the oxide scale was calculated in accordance to the cross sectional area fraction of voids in the scale. It shows that Fe-Cr-Ni alloy samples exposed in humid environment has as high as 71% more voids than that exposed in dry environment. It is concluded that the humid environment increased the number of void formed in the oxide scale, thus facilitates the exfoliation of protective scale during the high temperature oxidation

Halal management system in restaurant operation : Identifying the motivational factors / Nor Ellyna Razali...[et al.]

Malaysia is known as one of the top Islamic tourism destinations especially among Muslim Middle East tourists. Various services and halal food offered serve as the main attractions. Although foodservice companies today are growing abundantly, the number of Halal certified restaurants is still limited. Hence, the factors that motivates restaurant in obtaining halal certification and implementing halal management system in the foodservice industries need to be explored. Using a qualitative approach, 15 semi-structured interviews were carried out with halal executives, managers or supervisors from halal certified restaurants. The recorded interviews were transcribed, translated and coded for analysis using Atlas.ti version 7 to identify themes and patterns in the data. The finding of this research shows the customer demand, marketing benefits, external support and pressure, top management commitment and product safety and quality are the motivation factors in implementing halal certificate. This study provides a recent view and knowledge on motivation for implementing halal management system in restaurant industries

Growth response of sweet corn ( Zea mays ) to Glomus mosseae inoculation over different plant ages.

A glasshouse study was conducted to investigate the growth response of sweet corn ( Zea mays ) to mycorrhizal fungi inoculation over different plant ages (2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 weeks) and to determine the interaction between the host and mycorrhizal fungus on mycorrhizal development, using soil substrate as inoculum for Glomus mosseae . Inoculation had no significant effect on growth parameters in plants harvested at early ages in terms of plant height, total root length, root and shoot dry weights. The significant effect of mycorrhizal inoculation was observed on plants of eight weeks old. Percentage of mycorrhizal colonization and number of spores increased significantly at plants of 2 weeks old (24.1 and 39.2%), respectively while; the highest AMF spores level was recorded at plants of four weeks old. Inoculation with G. mosseae enhanced growth of sweet corn by increasing concentration of N, P and K (24.2, 8.4 and 18.2%), respectively. We concluded that the mycorrhizal inoculation need a time (not less than one month in sweet corn) until showed the beneficial effects on host plant to be desired