Helicobacter pylori vacA c1 Genotype Is a Benefit Biomarker for Prediction of Gastric Cancer Risk in Ardabil

BACKGROUND: Gastric cancer (GC) is the fifth common malignant disease and the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality in the world. Ardabil, a Northwestern province of Iran, includes the highest rate of GC within the country. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) vacA gene plays a major role in generating and maintaining the gastric inflammatory response, which alters the enteric nervous system in various combinations and may contribute to the development of GC. The aim of the current study was to investigate the relationship of the vacA c-region genotypes of H. pylori with GC among Ardabil population.METHODS: A total of 197 from 259 patients with non-atrophic gastritis (NAG) and GC, who were H. pylori positive, were selected and genotyped.RESULTS: The frequency of vacA c1 was 53.7% and c2 42.3%. There was a significant difference between the frequencies of vacA c1 in isolates from GC than those from NAG (p<0.05). Though the GC was considered as a dependent factor by the multiple logistic regression analysis, the vacA c1 genotype was significantly associated with age- and sex-adjusted risk for GC (p=0.003, odds ratio [OR] = 5.48; 95% confidence interval [CI] =1.80–16.63).CONCLUSION: It was proposed that the H. pylori vacA c1 genotype could be considered as an important determinant for prediction of risk of GC in Ardabil. It is suggested that interaction between H. pylori vacA c-region genotypes and gastric nervous system may contribute to the development of GC

Morphological changes of apoptosis and cytotoxic effects induced by Caffeic acid phenethyl ester in AGS human gastric cancer cell line

Introduction: Gastric cancer is the fourth prevalent cancer and the second reason for cancer-associated mortalities worldwide. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) is one of the main medicinal components of propolis. The aim of this study was to investigate the morphological apoptotic changes and cytotoxic effects of CAPE in human gastric adenocarcinoma cell line (AGS cell). Methods: AGS human gastric cancer cell line was cultured in Dulbecco&rsquo;s Modified Eagle&rsquo;s Medium (DMEM) medium in vitro. Cytotoxic effects and morphological changes induced by 72 h treatment with CAPE at different concentrations on AGS cells were investigated by MTT assay test and inverted microscope, respectively. Results: CAPE in a concentration dependent fashion reduced viability of AGS cells. IC50 was obtained approximately 10 &mu;M at 72 h treatment. Also, CAPE induced concentration-dependent morphological apoptotic changes and promoted complete apoptosis program in AGS human gastric cancer cell line. Conclusion: Our results strongly suggest that CAPE stimulates apoptotic process and leads to cell death. Therefore, CAPE could be useful in developing chemotherapeutic agents for treating human gastric cancer.</p

Biological properties of Pegylated PLA (PLA-PEG-PLA) and its capability for intracellular delivery of poor soluble peptide drug, gramicidin

Poly lactic acid-co-poly ethylene glycol-co-Poly lactic acid (PLA-PEG-PLA) co-polymer was synthesized and after determination of its biological properties was used for intracellular delivery of poor soluble peptide drug, gramicidin. Toxicity of this polymer on LNCaP cell line was determined by MTT assay. Treatment of cells with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) loaded nanoparticles and fluorescence microscopy indicates ability of this carrier for intracellular delivery. PLA-PEG-PLA nanoparticles containing poor soluble peptide drug, gramicidin, was prepared by solvent evaporation method. In order to confirm loading of gramicidin on PLA-PEG-PLA nanoparticles, FT-IR, spectrofluoremeteric, circular dichroism (CD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies were carried out. Our studies revealed treatment of prostate cancer cell line, LNCaP, with gramicidin loaded nanoparticles was more effective than gramicidin alone in killing cancer cells

Effect of Chrysin on AGS human gastric cancer cell line

Background and Objective: Chrysin is a natural and active biological component which is extracted from plants, honey and propolis. Chrysin has anti-inflammatory, anticancer and antioxidant propertis. This study was done to evaluate the effect of chrysin on AGS human gastric cancer cell line. Methods: In this descriptive - analytic study, chrysin was dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and the cytotoxic effects of concentrations of 10, 15, 20, 30, 40 ,50, 60, 70, 80, and 100 µM/ml of chrysin on AGS cells was evaluated. Viability of the cells was determined with MTT assay after 24, 48 and 72 hours and compared to controls. Results: Chrysin inhibited the growth and proliferation of human gastric cancer AGS cell line. The antiproliferative effect of chrysin was dose and time dependent. The IC50 values were determined for 60, 30 and 20 µM, in incubation time of 24, 48 and 72 hour, respectively (P<0.05). Conclusion: Chrysin proved to have antiproliferative activity on human gastric cancer cells in culture mediu

A study on the modulation of alpha-synuclein fibrillation by Scutellaria pinnatifida extracts and its neuroprotective properties

Aggregation of alpha-synuclein (alpha-SN) is a key pathogenic event in Parkinson's disease (PD) leading to dopaminergic degeneration. The identification of natural compounds inhibiting alpha-SN aggregation may have a major role in treating PD. Different Scutellaria species are known as valuable medicinal plants, primarily due to their high flavonoid levels. Scutellaria pinnatifida (S. pinnatifida) is endemic to Iran;however, the knowledge of its pharmaceutical properties is limited. Here we report that S. pinnatifida extracts have an anti-fibrillation effect on alpha-SN aggregation and neuroprotective properties on PC12 and primary dopaminergic neurons. Treatment during alpha-SN fibril formation with S. pinnatifida extracts showed that the extractions performed with dichloromethane (DCMEx) and n-butanol (BuOHEx) strongly inhibited alpha-SN fibrillation. TLC-based analysis revealed that S. pinnatifida contains a great amount of flavonoids with high antioxidant properties as shown using a radical scavenging assay. Further analysis using HPLC and Mass spectroscopy on the DCMEx revealed the presence of baicalein in this extract. We then selected the more efficient extracts based on cell viability and ROS scavenging on PC12 cells and tested their neuroprotective properties on primary dopaminergic neurons. Our results showed the extracts strongly protected against alpha-SN oligomers. Surprisingly, they also neutralized the severe toxicity of paraquat. Therefore, S. pinnatifida may be a potential valuable medicinal herb for further studies related to the treatment of PD

Biological properties of Pegylated PLA (PLA-PEG-PLA) and its capability for intracellular delivery of poor soluble peptide drug, gramicidin

Poly lactic acid-co-poly ethylene glycol-co-Poly lactic acid (PLA-PEG-PLA) co-polymer was synthesized and after determination of its biological properties was used for intracellular delivery of poor soluble peptide drug, gramicidin. Toxicity of this polymer on LNCaP cell line was determined by MTT assay. Treatment of cells with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) loaded nanoparticles and fluorescence microscopy indicates ability of this carrier for intracellular delivery. PLA-PEG-PLA nanoparticles containing poor soluble peptide drug, gramicidin, was prepared by solvent evaporation method. In order to confirm loading of gramicidin on PLA-PEG-PLA nanoparticles, FT-IR, spectrofluoremeteric, circular dichroism (CD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies were carried out. Our studies revealed treatment of prostate cancer cell line, LNCaP, with gramicidin loaded nanoparticles was more effective than gramicidin alone in killing cancer cells

Increment of Ascorbate peroxidase and metalothionin gene expressions by the cold stress in varieties of rape (Brassica napus)

The rape (Brassica napus) is an economically valuable plant shose tolerance to stresses has always drown concern. It is well known that, the cold (0-20 °C) and freezing

Properties of Surfactin C-15 Nanopeptide and Its Cytotoxic Effect on Human Cervix Cancer (HeLa) Cell Line

Surfactin is one of the most powerful biosurfactants that has been known so far. It is an acidic cyclic nonribosomal lipoheptapeptide that is produced by Bacillus subtilis. In this presentation we investigated different properties of surfactin C-15. The nanomicelle forming ability of surfactin C-15 in different aqueous environments with various ionic strengths was studied by scanning electron microscope. Surfactin second structure was investigated by Far-UV CD spectrum. Its hemolytic activity and cytotoxicity were measured by hemolysis and MTT assays, respectively. Surfactin formed spherical nanomicelles in distilled water and amorphous nanomicelles in PBS buffer . The hemolysis assay results indicated that HC50 of surfactin was 47 μM. Surfactin C-15 arrested growth of human cervix cancer HeLa cell line in a time- and dosage-dependent method, so that its IC50 at 16, 24, and 48h were 86.9, 73.1, and 50.2 μM, respectively

Comparsion of biometric and meristic characteristics of Artemia urmiana, Artemia sinica and parthenogenetic Artemia under laboratory conditions

In this research biometrical characteristics of Artemia urmiana, Artemia sinica and parthenogenetic Artemia were studied under laboratory conditions (salinity: 70 ppt, temp.: 24±2°C and DO: 4±0.5 ppm). For this purpose, two gram cysts from each population were hatched and 400 newly hatched nauplii (in 4 replicates) transferred to 1.5 liter cylindro-conical containers containing 70 pptbrine water. Artemia were fed on unicellular algae, Dunaliella tertiolecta and coated yeast, Lansy PZ until adulthood. 32 pairs of adult bisexual Artemia and 32 adult parthenogenetic females from either population were randomly selected and biometric and meristic characters such as total length, length of furca, number of setae on furca and uterus length and width (in females) were recorded. Biometric and meristic characters measured with projection Stereomicroscope. Data were analysed using SPSS (ANOVA and Duncan tests). Results of this research showed that total length and abdomen length in A. urmiana was significantly longer compared to other populations (

Relationship between s alleles of vacA gene of Helicobacter pylori and gastroduodenal diseases in Iran: a brief report

Background: Helicobacter pylori has been classified as the class I carcinogenic agent by world health organization. Colonization of the human stomach with H. pylori is a risk factor for gastroduodenal diseases. The secreted vacA toxin is an important H. pylori virulence factor that causes multiple alterations in gastric epithelial cells and T cells. Several families of vacA alleles have been described, and H. pylori strains containing certain vacA types (s1 and m1) are associated with an increased risk of gastric disease, compared to strains containing other vacA types (s2 and m2). We examined the association between H. pylori vacA s alleles and gastroduodenal diseases in Iran. Methods: A total of 149 H. pylori strains were obtained from patients with gastritis, peptic ulcer, and gastric cancer referring to endoscopy units of several cities in Iran. Biopsy culture and DNA extraction were performed and the frequency of vacA s alleles was investigated by using PCR amplification. Linear regression and binary logistic regression models were used to analyze the association between vacA (vacuolating cytotoxin A) s alleles and gastroduodenal diseases. Results: There was no significant association between the frequency of vacA s alleles and gastroduodenal diseases (gastritis or peptic ulcer disease and gastric adenocarcinoma (P> 0.05)). Conclusion: It is proposed that the H. pylori vacA s1 genotype could not be considered as an important determinant of gastroduodenal diseases in Iranian population and probably if s1 allele is associated with other virulence alleles of this gene, it will cause diseases