Analysis of quantum coherence for localized fermionic systems in an accelerated motion

Although quantum coherence is a well known phenomenon in quantum information theory and quantum optics, it has been investigated from the resource theory perspective only recently. Furthermore, quantum coherence has important implications in relativistic quantum information where the degradation of entanglement can be attributed to decoherence. In this paper, we investigate the quantum coherence of Dirac field modes localized in a cavity as observed by two relatively accelerated observers. The acceleration is assigned very small values and its effects are investigated in a perturbative regime. For this purpose, we use parameterized two-qubit pure entangled state and a Werner state. We find that coherence shows a periodic degradation due to accelerated motion. However, this degradation can be balanced by adjusting the durations of uniform and accelerated motion. Moreover, it is found that dynamics of quantum coherence closely resembles that of entanglement under the same settings. This similarity confirms the recent attempts to relate the resource theories of coherence and entanglement in a relativistic regime.publishedVersionUnit Licence Agreemen

Role of the ICT in Women Empowerment and Achieving SDGs: A Case Study of Women Labor Force in Developing Countries

The aim of the study is to analyze the ways women are empowered through information and communication technology (ICT) and fostering the process of achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Women in developing countries are facing economic and social hardships and have limited access to ICT, which in turn translate into their lack of skills, lower literacy rate and restricted social engagement. Therefore, present study explores the role of ICT on women empowerment in 51 developing countries by conducting panel data modeling over the period of 2000-17. The study finds that ICT has significant and positive contribution on female labor force participation rate by Generalized Method of Moment (GMM). Control variables like GDP growth and government expenditure on education have positive and statistically significant role to enhance women empowerment. Findings of the study imply that the ICT has an impact on women empowerment and which helps in fostering the process of achieving SDGs 2030

HISTOPATHOLOGY DESIGN OF CARCINOMA OF THYROID IN MULTINODULAR GOITER

Background: Generally, it remains measured that danger of carcinoma thyroid stays little in multinodular goiter (MNG) as associated to lonely node also henceforth remains ignored in numerous patients. Objective: The main objective of our research was to control incidence of thyroid carcinoma also file its histopathology designs amongst cases by MNG experienced finished thyroidectomy. Methodology: In this cross-sectional examination, audit therapeutic data of a hundred labored examples of thyroidectomy, for MNG from April 2014 to March 2016, in Surgery Department of Jinnah Hospital, Lahore and Services Hospital Lahore, have been penniless down. Economics, FNAC reports, kinds of medicinal method and histopathology reviews were investigated and examined. Data used to be entered in SPSS version 21. Results: This examination protected 89 (87%) ladies and thirteen (10%) male, with a imply time of 42.30 + 6.95 years. Carcinoma thyroid used to be reachable among 4 (4%) patients. Histopathology case of mischief amongst these patients used to be follicular in 3 (67.8%) patients and papillary in 2 (39.4%) patients. Insufficiency of FNAC for area of thyroid unsafe improvement was discovered in 2 (1.34%) tolerant. Full scale thyroidectomy was carried out in 86 (81%) patients, hard and speedy thyroidectomy with neck evisceration in 2 (2%) calm, subtotal in 14 (14%) patients and a re-do suggest thyroidectomy in 2 (1.34%) determined. Conclusion: Low repeat of thyroid hazard used to be seen among patients with MNG, but it used to be not unimportant. This moreover prevents the prerequisite for undue whole thyroidectomy as located in our examination. Insufficiency of FNAC for acknowledgment of thyroid danger in MNG was once moreover low, in this manner reliable. Keywords: Carcinoma Thyroid, Multinodular goiter, Histopathology design, FNAC

Ultrasonographic Comparison of Previous Caesarean Scar Thickness in Second and Third Trimester of Current Pregnancy

Background: The rate of caesarean section is increasing in the world. With which there is an increase in complications of pregnancy. There is risk of the uterine rupture if there is trial of the normal delivery. The aim of study is to determine and compare previous caesarean scar thickness in second and third trimester of pregnancy. Objective(s): To determine previous caesarean scar thickness in second and third trimester of current pregnancy. Methodology: An analytical study was conducted in the Saima medical center Shalimar link road Lahore. Sixty-two patients were enrolled in this study with convenient sampling. Toshiba nemio 10 ultrasound machines with convex transducer frequency range 3.5 MHz.patients with placenta previa and twin gestation were excluded from this study. Transabdominal technique was used in this study. Data were collected through data collection sheets and was tabulated and analyzed using statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS)version 24(SPSS, IBM, Armonk, NY, United States of America) Microsoft excel. Results: A total of 62 patient were examined in the study. The age incidence of the cases in this study varied between 22 years to 36 years. The mean age of the patients in the study was 27. 2903.The mean gestational age was 27.47. The mean scar thickness at 24-28 weeks was3.3925. parity varied patient to patient.16(25.8%) females had para 2.23(37.1%) had para 3 and 16(25.8%) had para 4.3(4.8%) females had para 5 and 4(6.5%) had para 6. In the current study out of sixty-two patients 13(21%) were gravida1,24(38.7%) was gravid 2,17(27.4) were gravid 3,4(6.5%) gravid 4 and (6.5) gravid. A statistical significance difference found in mean scar thickness at 24-28 weeks of gestation and at 32-36 weeks of gestation-value = 0.000 < α = 0.05. Conclusion(s): ultrasound is the useful modality for determining scar thickness. The scar thickness of previous c section in the current pregnancy. Keywords: Analytical study, cesarean scar thickness DOI: 10.7176/JHMN/93-02 Publication date:September 30th 202

Occurrence of HCV genotypes in different age groups of patients from Lahore, Pakistan

Background: Hepatitis C virus is a small, enveloped single stranded, positive sense RNA virus. Different genotypes are distributed in different geographical areas of the world. Determination of HCV genotype is a powerful tool for the treatment of chronic and acute liver disease.Method: The present study was carried out to find the occurrence of different HCV genotypes in the city of Lahore, a populous city of Pakistan from January 2010 to December 2010. Blood sample of patients positive for anti HCV by ELISA as well as HCV by PCR were collected and plasma was separated. HCV viral RNA load was analyzed in these samples using Real Time PCR. Qiagen HCV mini kit for RNA extraction and Qiagen HCV amplification kit for PCR amplification were used. Amplicons were subjected to HCV genotyping using Third Wave Technology.Results: Among 489 patients, 211 (43.1%) patients were males and 278 (56.9%) were females. Occurrence of HCV in the age group of 36-45 years was 32.5 %. Occurrence of HCV genotype 1 was 9.6% (47), genotype 3a was 80.77% (395), genotype 3h was 1.0% (5) , genotype 4 was 4.9% (24), co-infection of genotypes 1 & 2 was 0.2% (01), co-infection of genotypes 1 & 3 was 0.6% (03) and co-infection genotypes 1 & 4 was 0.4% (02).Conclusion: HCV genotype 3a is most prevalent HCV genotype in subjected population during said duration with most infected people from 26 to 35 years of age. Female population is having more of HCV infection as compared to males

Incidence of Development of Hydrocephalus after Excision and Repair of Spina Bifida Aperta in Infants

Objective:  To find out the incidence of hydrocephalus after excision and repair in infants presenting with Spina Bifida Aperta. Materials & Methods:  This prospective cohort study was conducted at the Pediatric Neurosurgery Department, Children Hospital & The Institute of Child Health, Lahore, Pakistan, from January 2021 to October 2021. A total of 62 infants of both genders presenting with spina bifida Aperta undergoing repair were included. Data of the patients, i.e., name, age, gender, head circumference, location, and width of the defect, accompanying bladder, limb anomalies, radiological, laboratory findings, and diagnosis (meningocele or meningomyelocele) were noted. Patients were followed postoperatively for 1-month, and the incidence of post-surgery hydrocephalus was noted. Results:  Out of 62 children, 36 (58.1%) were male and 24 (41.9%) female. The mean age was noted to be 138.82 days. Most children, 36 (58.1%), were found to have meningocele. The most frequent local meningocele/meningomyelocele was noted to be lumbosacral, 22 (35.5%). Post-surgery hydrocephalus was noted among 11 (17.1%) cases. No significant association of gender, age, head circumference, defect size, the maximum dimension, diagnosis (meningocele or meningomyelocele), or location was noted with post-surgery hydrocephalus among study cases (p > 0.05). No mortality was reported. Conclusion:  Meningomyelocele and lumbosacral location of the defect were among the prominent factors affecting the incidence of post-surgery hydrocephalus. Keywords:  Spina Bifida Aperta, Meningiocele, Myelomeningocele, hydrocephalus, lumbosacra

A Commentary on Telerehabilitation Services in Pakistan: Current Trends and Future Possibilities

A 2014 World Health Organization (WHO) study reported that almost 27 million people with disability live in Pakistan with fewer than one allied rehabilitation professional per 10,000 people. The current study sought to determine the attitudes toward telerehabilitation via a survey administered to 329 Pakistani rehabilitation professionals. Study results indicate that rehabilitation professionals in Pakistan are knowledgeable about telerehabilitation and Information and Communication Technology (ICT), and are receptive to employing telerehabilitation programs and applications. Therefore, we can infer that the future of telerehabilitation can be bright in Pakistan but requires the attention of policy makers and non-government organizations to launch an appropriate program nationwide. The authors suggest that a range of telerehabilitation services (e.g., consultation, assessment, and therapy) could alleviate the shortage of rehabilitation personnel in Pakistan

Impact of Personality Trait of Emotional Stability on Oral Parafunctional Habits

OBJECTIVES To find the impact of emotional stability on oral parafunctional habits. METHODOLOGY A Cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted at the College of Dentistry, Sharif Medical and Dental College, Lahore, over five months, from July to November 2021. Data was collected using a medical questionnaire and a ten-item personality inventory scale (TIPI). The medical questionnaire comprised two sections with 11 items. The first section had six demographic statements, including age, gender, marital status, occupation, educational level and medical condition. The second section consisted of a pre-validated parafunctional habits questionnaire. RESULTSThere was a non-significant difference in the scores of the personality trait of emotional stability across categories of oral parafunctional habits of nail-biting (p=0.093), tooth grinding (p=0.192), tooth clenching (p=0.055), biting on hard objects (p=0.17) and chewing gum (p=0.116). CONCLUSION Emotional stability was most prevalent in individuals who denied having the habit of nail-biting, teeth grinding, tooth clenching and biting hard objects but neither agreed nor disagreed with having the habit of chewing gum

Antioxidant activity and hepatoprotective effect of Cichorium intybus (Kasni) seed extract against carbon tetrachloride-induced liver toxicity in rats

Purpose: To assess the antioxidant and hepatoprotective activity of the aqueous-methanol extract of Cichorium intybus seeds (C. intybus) against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver toxicity in albino Wistar rats.Method: The seed extract of C. intybus was prepared in aqueous methanol (20:80) via Soxhlet solvent extraction process. CCl4 (0.8 mL/kg) was administered to induce hepatic damage in Wistar rats. The seed extract (100, 250 and 500 mg/kg doses) and a 25 mg/kg dose of silymarin (as standard drug) were administered orally to separate groups of albino Wistar rats for 14 days. Blood samples from the rats were analyzed for biochemical markers for hepatic injury. The tissue samples of the rats were subjected to histopathological studies as well as analyzed for liver antioxidants.Results: The results for biochemical markers revealed that the rats treated with the extract (500 mg/kg dose) showed a maximum elevation of catalase (48.90 μmole of H2O2 consumed/min/mg protein), glutothione peroxidase (22.1 mg GSH consumed/min/mg protein), superoxide dismutase (14.2 units/min/mg protein), and a reduction in glutathione (18.1 μmole of GSH/mg protein). Serum biochemical parameters including serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT), alkaline phosphate (ALKP), and direct bilirubin were significantly (p < 0.01) increased in the treated groups. Oral administration of different doses of C. intybus seed extract significantly (p < 0.01) protected the hepatic cells from impairment. The biochemical markers and hematological parameters were also normal in extract-treated rats in contrast to the standard (silymarin) and control groups.Conclusion: The results show that C. intybus plant is potential a good natural source of natural hepatoprotective and antioxidants agents.Keywords: Cichorium intybus, Antioxidant, Hepatoprotective Biomarkers, Silymarin, Hematological parameter

Determine the Severity of Acute Respiratory Infections by Using Pediatric Respiratory Severity Score (PRESS) in Children Visiting Federal Govt. Polyclinic hospital, Islamabad

Objective: To determine the severity of acute respiratory infections in children by using Pediatric Respiratory Severity Score (PRESS). Methodology: This descriptive cross sectional study was conducted at the outpatient and emergency paediatric department of the Federal Govt. Polyclinic hospital, Islamabad, from October 2017 to December 2019. One hundred and seventeen children with acute respiratory infections were enrolled in the study by a non-probability sampling technique. Epidemiologic variables of interest included age, sex, and breastfeeding or not. Clinical variables of interest included respiratory rate, use of accessory respiratory muscle, wheeze on auscultation, and oxygen saturation at room air.  PRESS assessed tachypnea, wheezing, accessory muscle use, SpO2 and feeding difficulties with each component given a score of 0 or 1, and the total score were categorized as a mild(0-1), moderate (2-3) or severe(4-5). Results: Out of 117 children, 98 (83.8%) belonged to the age group > 2 months– 12 months, while 19 (16.2%) belonged to the age group > 12 months– 24 months. Among them, 17 (14.5%) were mild, 53 (45.3%) were moderate, and 47 (40.2%) were severe according to their severity of respiratory distress. The hospitalization rate for moderate infection was 84.9% while 100% for severe infection and none of the patient with mild infection was hospitalized (p<0.001). Conclusion: Early assessment by simple bedside technique will help in managing the respiratory distress according to its severity, reducing the undue investigation and improving the outcome of illness. Moreover it can be easily administered at primary health care facilities for triage of pediatric patients with respiratory distress