Femtosecond laser plasma: review of investigation and calculational model

Review of experimental and theoretical investigation of physical processes in femtosecond laser plasma is presented. Such effects, as X-ray and electric-magnetic wave emission, high energy electron and ion beams are described. It isshown that ultrashort laser pulse with duration comparable to period of wave oscillation (lessthan a few femtoseconds) is absorbing by inner electronsin contrast to absorption of more lasting laser pulses by outer electrons. The problem of mathematical modelling of these processes and corresponding computer code development is observed. Technological applications, such as production of high power X-ray and particles plasmassources, laser precision shaping and machining of different materials are discussed.Представлено огляд експериментальних і теоретичних досліджень фізичних процесів, що відбуваються у фемтосекундній лазерній плазмі. Описано такі ефекти, як рентгенівське й електромагнітне випромінювання, високоенергетичні електронні й іонні пучки. Показано, що ультракороткий лазерний імпульс тривалістю, порівнянною з періодом коливання хвилі (меншою ніж декілька фемтосекунд), поглинається внутрішніми електронами, на відміну від більш тривалих імпульсів, що поглинаються зовнішніми електронами. Розглянуто задачу математичного моделювання цих процесів і створення відповідного комп'ютерного коду. Обговорено технологічні аспекти, такі, як створення могутніх джерел рентгенівського випромінювання і плазми, формування лазерного пучка й обробка різних матеріалів.Представлен обзор экспериментальных и теоретических исследований физических процессов, происходящих в фемтосекундной лазерной плазме. Описаны такие эффекты, как рентгеновское и электромагнитное излучение, высокоэнергетичные электронные и ионные пучки. Показано, что ультракороткий лазерный импульс длительностью, сравнимой с периодом колебания волны (меньшей, чем несколько фемтосекунд), поглощается внутренними электронами, в отличие от более продолжительных импульсов, которые поглощаются внешними электронами. Рассмотрена задача математического моделирования этих процессов и создания соответствующего компьютерного кода. Обсуждены технологические аспекты, такие, как создание мощных источников рентгеновского излучения и плазмы, формирование лазерного пучка и обработка различных материалов

ETALON-1,-2 center of mass correction and array reflectivity

Center of mass correction to be applied to measured ranges to the ETALON 1 and 2 satellites is considered. Numerical values of the correction and reflectivity from the retroreflector array are computed. The variations of these values with satellite orientation are investigated

Properties Of EP302M-W Steel Bars After Experimental Rolling

В настоящей работе произведена экспериментальная вальцовка прутков из стали марки ЭП302М-Ш для оценки влияния холодной пластической деформации на механические свойства материала. В дальнейшем полученные результаты могут будут применены для разработки изготовления теплообменных труб из стали ЭП302М-Ш.Experimental rolling of bars made of EP302M-Sh steel to assess the cold plastic deformation effect on the material mechanical propertiesis carried out in this work. In the future, the results obtained can be applied to the development of the pipes heat exchange manufacture made of EP302M-Sh steel

Sistema renovador de reproducción de capacidad profesional como condición efectiva de gestión regional

The article studies the orientation of professional potential reproduction to ensure the effectiveness of regional management, discloses the mechanisms for management professional potential transformation into the indicators of its effectiveness and efficiency. They provided the data of the sociological study “Professional potential reproduction system development among regional management personnel”. The result of the study in this direction was the developed cumulative technology for computer assessment of the competence potential among regional management employees, which includes three blocks: assessment unit, planning unit, and control (correction) unit.El artículo estudia la orientación de la reproducción potencial profesional para garantizar la efectividad de la gestión regional, revela los mecanismos para la transformación del potencial profesional de gestión en los indicadores de su eficacia y eficiencia. Proporcionaron los datos del estudio sociológico “Desarrollo potencial profesional del sistema de reproducción entre el personal de gestión regional”. El resultado del estudio en esta dirección fue la tecnología acumulada desarrollada para la evaluación informática del potencial de competencia entre los empleados de gestión regional, que incluye tres bloques: unidad de evaluación, unidad de planificación y unidad de control (corrección)

Algorithm for individual learning content formation in automated machine learning system

The study describes the algorithms used in the formation of individual learning content which can be used in machine learning. The algorithm for generating educational content based on the input test procedure, thereby reducing the number of elementary units of knowledge in the educational conten

Sociocultural aspect of realization of civil control in modern Russian society

The backwardness of civil control in modern Russia is connected with a complex of the reasons of sociocultural character, including with specifics of the Russian traditions of public participation. It is proved that only collective forms of civil control relying on mobilization and use of the social capital of local communities can be the most effective in Russi

STATE GOVERNANCE OF SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC PROCESSES IN AGING SOCIETY

Purpose of the study: The main approach of the research is a combination of methodological and applied aspects, including the development of public policy directions aimed at prolonging the active longevity of the Russian population. Methodology: The research used a statistical analysis of the processing of official statistics of Rosstat, data of international organizations - the United Nations (Population Division), the World Bank, the World Health Organization (WHO); analytical - analysis of regulatory legal acts of Russian and international law in the field of regulation. Results: The authors analyze global and Russian trends in an aging society. The influence of the demographic aging of the population on the socio-economic development of the state is revealed. The main directions of the state policy in relation to the aging problems of the population are determined, and the world experience of solving the indicated problems is studied. Applications of this study: This research can be used for the universities, teachers, and students. Novelty/Originality of this study: In this research, the model of state governance of socio-demographic processes in an aging society is presented in a comprehensive and complete manner

Dynamics of risk degree of innovation-driven growth at higher education institutions

In this article, the analysis of dynamics of risk degree of innovation-driven growth at higher education institutions is discussed. The survey has been employed in this paper and the data analyzed by SPSS software. Results revealed that the resulting risks are regularly encountered in a modern Russian higher educational institution: inability to provide necessary financial support for educational activities; inability to provide required modern material and technical basis; challenges and failures in collaboration with enterprises for organizing practical training for students and the absence of practical training programs at the university. It is also indicated that the risk event might lead to different results: negative, positive, or nul

DIAGNOSTICS OF PROBLEMS OF REPRODUCTION OF PROFESSIONAL POTENTIAL OF THE STATE AND MUNICIPAL MANAGEMENT AS A PRECONDITION OF ITS SYSTEM RENOVATION

Purpose of the study: This article deals with the renovation system of reproduction of professional potential and provides a definition of this concept. Methodology: The study uses the methods of dialectical contradiction, the ascent from the abstract to the concrete, structural-functional and comparative analysis, theoretical modeling and generalization. Primary sociological information is collected through a questionnaire survey, document analysis, free interview, and observation. Methods of grouping and classification of empirical data, qualitative analysis of factors are also used. Results: the renovation system of reproduction of the professional potential of a state municipal government involves the diagnosis of its problems with the aim of determining the ways of their resolution. The conducted diagnostics identified six groups of actual problems, namely lack of professionalism, the disintegration of indicators of individual and institutional efficiency, the imperfect system of training and advanced training of managerial personnel, the weak motivation of their professional development, inefficient use of professional potential, and passive personnel policy Applications of this study: This research can be used for the universities, teachers, and students. Novelty/Originality of this study: In this research, the model of Diagnostics of Problems of Reproduction of Professional Potential of the State and Municipal Management as a Precondition of Its System Renovation is presented in a comprehensive and complete manner