Morphological and Molecular Identification of Limnodrilus Claparede,1862 Species(clitellata: naiDIDAE) IN Tigris River, Baghdad/Iraq

  جمعت عينات ديدان الوحل من رواسب نهر دجلة للفترة من تشرين ثاني 2018 ولغاية تموز 2019 في منطقة الصرافية / بغداد- العراق. اعتمدت في تشخيص الانواع القياسات الأحيائية الخاصة بغلاف العضو الذكري والاهلاب، اضافة الى التحليل الجزيئي باستخدام  تضخيم الجين  المشفر 18s rRNA  ,واعتمادا على البرايمر العالمي ITS1  وITS4 . اوضحت نتائج القياسات المظهرية  تسجيل  الانواع Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri Claparède 1862 و L. claparedeianus Ratzel, 1868 و L. cervix Brinkhurst, 1963، بينما شخصت مجموعتين تمتلك غلاف عضو تناسلي قصير بالتقنية الجزيئية على انها  تابعة  للنوع Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri complex والنوع L. claparedeianus –cervix. وعد النوعان تسجيلأ" جديدا" للفونا العراقية وسجلا في المركز الوطني للمعلومات الاحيائية NCBI تحت رقم الانضمام LC497073 و LC497074 على التوالي.Sludge worm samples were collected from the Tigers River sediment during the period from November 2018 to June 2019 in Al Sarafiya District/ Baghdad- Iraq. Biometric morphological measurements focusing on the form of penis sheath and chaetal morphology were used for species identification, in addition to molecular analysis by amplification of conserved 18s rRNA encoding gene using ITS1 and ITS4 universal primers.According to the morphological measurement records, the results revealed the existence of Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri Claparede 1862, L. claparedeianus Ratzel, 1868 and L. cervix Brinkhurst 1963. Other two groups of specimens, with short penis sheath, were identified by molecular technology as L. hoffmeisteri complex, and L. claparedeianus.-cervix. Both species were considered as new record for Iraqi fauna, and had been registered in NCBI under the accession number LC497073 and LC497074 respectively According to the morphological measurements records, the results revealed the existence of Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri Claparede 1862, L. claparedeianus Ratzel, 1868 and L. cervix Brinkhurst 1963, which identified by molecular analysis using 18S rRNA gene and DNA sequencing recorded  L. hoffmeisteri complex, This species is a new record in Iraq, and has been registered in NCBI under the accession number LC497073. There was also specimen identified by molecular analysis using 18S rRNA gene and DNA sequencing recorded L. Claparedeianus –cervix. Also, this species is a new record in Iraq, and has been registered in NCBI under the accession number LC497074. ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ Keyword: Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri complex, Iraq, LC497073, NCBI, Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri, L. Claparedeianus, L. cervix, L. Claparedeianus –cervix, LC 497073. *Part of M.Sc. Thesis of Research Sludge worms samples were collected from the Tigers River sediment in Al Sarafiya district, / Baghdad- Iraq. Biometric morphological measurement focusing on the form of penis sheath and chaetal morphology, in addition to molecular analysis using 18s rRNA gene, were used for species identification. According to the morphological measurements records, the results revealed the existence of two groups of Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri Claparède 1862 Individuals have long penis sheath with distal end with symmetrical or asymmetrical hood, while other individuals with short penis sheath with circular plate- like hood, which identified by molecular analysis as L. hoffmeisteri complex, and the isolate 18S rRNA  recorded with the accession number LC497073 Two groups of very long penis sheath identified as L. claparedeianus Ratzel, 1868, and L. cervix Brinkhurst 1963, with dorsal and ventral projections.  There are also a group of specimens with short penis sheath, which identified by molecular techniques as L. Claparedeianus –cervix 18S rRNA encoding genomic sequence was resented to the NCBI, recorded with the accession number LC497074.  Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri complex and L. claparedeianus – cervix were considered as new records for Iraq.  

An advanced microcomputer design for processing of semiconductor materials

In the Get Away Special 330 payload two germanium samples doped with gallium will be processed. The aim of the experiments is to create a planar solid/liquid interface, and to study the breakdown of this interface as the crystal growth rate increases. For the experiments a gradient furnace was designed which is heated by resistive heaters. Cooling is provided by circulating gas from the atmosphere in the cannister through cooling channels in the furnace. The temperature along the sample are measured by platinum/rhodium thermocouples. The furnace is controlled by a microcomputer system, based upon the processor 80C88. A data acquisition system is integrated into the system. In order to synchronize the different actions in time, a multitask manager is used

Overview of T and D-T results in JET with ITER-like wall

In 2021 JET exploited its unique capabilities to operate with T and D–T fuel with an ITER-like Be/W wall (JET-ILW). This second major JET D–T campaign (DTE2), after DTE1 in 1997, represented the culmination of a series of JET enhancements—new fusion diagnostics, new T injection capabilities, refurbishment of the T plant, increased auxiliary heating, in-vessel calibration of 14 MeV neutron yield monitors—as well as significant advances in plasma theory and modelling in the fusion community. DTE2 was complemented by a sequence of isotope physics campaigns encompassing operation in pure tritium at high T-NBI power. Carefully conducted for safe operation with tritium, the new T and D–T experiments used 1 kg of T (vs 100 g in DTE1), yielding the most fusion reactor relevant D–T plasmas to date and expanding our understanding of isotopes and D–T mixture physics. Furthermore, since the JET T and DTE2 campaigns occurred almost 25 years after the last major D–T tokamak experiment, it was also a strategic goal of the European fusion programme to refresh operational experience of a nuclear tokamak to prepare staff for ITER operation. The key physics results of the JET T and DTE2 experiments, carried out within the EUROfusion JET1 work package, are reported in this paper. Progress in the technological exploitation of JET D–T operations, development and validation of nuclear codes, neutronic tools and techniques for ITER operations carried out by EUROfusion (started within the Horizon 2020 Framework Programme and continuing under the Horizon Europe FP) are reported in (Litaudon et al Nucl. Fusion accepted), while JET experience on T and D–T operations is presented in (King et al Nucl. Fusion submitted)

Water Resources of the Wildman River Area

This study is part of the Northern Territory Government Land and Water Suitability Program. It aims to improve the understanding of the area?s hydrogeology, including the extent and properties of the aquifers, the regional groundwater flow pattern, baseflow characteristics, identification of groundwater dependent ecosystems and a basic quantitative assessment of available groundwater. The ultimate purpose of the study is to combine knowledge of water availability with recent land unit mapping to identify areas suitable for various agricultural enterprises.Made available via the Publications (Legal Deposit) Act 2004 (NT).1 Summary -- Introduction -- 2.1 Aim -- 2.2 Background -- 2.3 Location -- 2.4 Topography -- 2.5 Climate -- 2.6 Land Units -- 2.7 Drainage -- 2.8 Previous work -- 2.9 Methods -- 3 Geology -- 3.1 Cahill Formation -- 3.2 Mundogie Sandstone 3.3 Wildman Siltstone -- 3.4 Koolpinyah Dolostone -- 3.5 Mesozoic/Cenozoic strata -- 4 Aquifers -- 4.1 Cahill Formation -- 4.2 Mundogie Sandstone -- 4.3 Wildman Siltstone -- 4.4 Koolpinyah Dolostone -- 4.5 Mesozoic/Cenozoic strata -- 4.6 Connection between aquifers -- 4.7 Flow pattern -- 5 Surface water -- 5.1 Records -- 5.1.1 Baseflow and aquifer type -- 5.2 Twin Sisters Lagoon -- 6 Water Chemistry -- 6.1 Wildman Siltstone -- 6.2 Koolpinyah Dolostone -- 6.3 Mesozoic / Cenozoic -- 6.4 Springs / Spring fed streams -- 6.4.1 Seasonal water quality variation in spring fed streams -- 7 Recharge, lateral flow and discharge 63 7.1 Groundwater level fluctuations and recharge -- 7.1.1 Opium/Jimmys Ck. Catchment -- 7.1.2 Southern / Cashew Farm Region -- 7.1.3 Rainfall and groundwater level -- 7.2 Recharge ? Chloride analysis -- 7.3 Discharge -- 7.3.1 Baseflow -- 7.3.2 Discharge ? Calculated from lateral flow -- 7.3.3 Discharge ? Rainforest Evapotranspiration -- 7.3.4 Seepages -- 8 Water Balance -- 9 Water Availability -- 9.1 Southern palaeovalley aquifer -- 9.2 Dolostone aquifer in the north-west of the study area -- 10 Conclusions -- 11 Acknowledgements -- 12 References -- Appendix 1 Assessment of the rainfall record -- Appendix 2 Geologists Logs and Graphic Logs -- Appendix 3 Pumping test on RN39769 -- Appendix 4 Twin Sisters Lagoon and groundwater interaction -- Appendix 5 Baseflow recession modelling -- Appendix 6 Water quality and flows in Ben Bunga and Cattle Creeks -- Appendix 7 Descriptions of selected springs