Effects of nanodispersed iron on the morphofunctional parameters of the blood system

The effects of nanodispersed iron forms on the morphology and function of the blood system were studied. Maghemite and lepidocrocite caused a leukocytic shift towards segmented neutrophil forms, reduction of lymphocyte rigidity, and stimulated their compactization. In addition, the counts of small hyperchromatic erythrocytes with high rigidity increased in the blood flow. The results indicated that a single dose of nanodispersed iron-containing drugs improved the blood respiratory function and its microrheolog

Влияние травяной муки и пробиотика в рационе кур генофондных пород на микробиом кишечника, жироотложение и фолликулогенез

Probiotics are used in poultry farming for prevention and treatment of infectious diseases of gastrointestinal tract, immune stimulation, correction of dysbacteriosis of digestive tract, and for replacement of antibiotics in compound feed. Increasing the fiber level in diet for poultry is considered as one of the nutrition strategies with the aim of reduction of the frequency of problems in the gastrointestinal tract as well. The purpose of research is to study the effect of grass meal and probiotic in diet for poultry on the intestinal microbiota, fat deposition and folliculogenesis. The experiment had been conducted on meat-and-egg type of hens of Amrox and Sussex breeds. From 18 weeks of age, within 12 weeks hens of the control groups were fed a normal diet, in the I experimental group 10 % of the usual diet was replaced with alfalfa grass flour, and in the II experimental group 10 % of the diet was replaced with grass flour with addition of enzyme preparation “Cellobacterin-T”, produced by Biotrof Ltd. Feeding grass meal along with probiotic positively affected the metabolic processes in body, so the amount of abdominal fat in carcass decreased. Fat reduction exceeded 20 % in poultry of experimental groups. It has been also determined that the number of maturing follicles in the ovaries of hens in experimental groups was 25-64 % higher, which indicates a positive effect of the experimental diet on potential egg production. Analysis of cecum contents in digestive tract of hens using the modern molecular genetic method T-RFLP showed that use of grass meal in diet for poultry along with Cellobacterin-T probiotic contributed to formation of useful microflora, as well as to decrease in the number of undesirable actinomycetes and pathogenic mycoplasmas in gastrointestinal tract of hens.Пробиотики используют в птицеводстве для профилактики и лечения заболеваний желудочнокишечного тракта инфекционной природы, стимуляции иммунитета, коррекции дисбактериозов пищеварительного тракта, для замены антибиотиков в комбикормах. Повышение уровня клетчатки в рационе кур рассматривается как одна из стратегий питания, задачей, которой является также снижение частоты возникновения проблем в желудочнокишечном тракте. Цель работы – изучение влияния добавок в рационе кур в виде травяной муки и пробиотика на микробиоту кишечника, жироотложение и фолликулогенез. Опыт проводился на курах мясо-яичного типа, пород амрокс и суссекс. С 18-недельного возраста, в течение 12 недель, курам контрольных групп скармливался хозяйственный рацион, I опытной группе 10 % основного рациона заменили люцерновой травяной мукой, а II опытной группе 10 % рациона заменили травяной мукой с добавлением ферментного препарата «Целлобактерин-Т», произведенного в компании ООО «Биотроф». Скармливание травяной муки совместно с пробиотиком положительно повлияло на обменные процессы организма, что нашло отражение в количестве абдоминального жира в тушке. Снижение жира превысило 20 % у птиц опытных групп. Выявлено, что количество зреющих фолликулов в яичниках кур из опытных групп было выше на 25-64 %, что говорит о положительном влиянии экспериментального рациона на потенциальную яйценоскость. Анализ содержимого слепых отростков пищеварительного тракта кур с применением современного молекулярно-генетического метода T-RFLP показал, что использование травяной муки в рационе кур совместно с пробиотиком Целлобактерин-Т способствовало формированию полезной микрофлоры, а также к снижению численности нежелательных актиномицетов и патогенных микоплазм в желудочно-кишечном тракте кур

Динамика роста показателей экстерьера и интерьера в онтогенезе у кур генофондных популяций и бройлеров

Conformities of intensity of growth of muscles and bones of the skeleton in relation to the growth of body weight in chickens of the combined type of productivity and broilers have been studied. The research subject were chickens of meat and egg populations: experimental golden-striped (GS), Pushkinskaya from the bioresource collection of Russian Research Institute of Farm Animal Genetics and Breeding and broilers of the Ross 308 cross. The absolute values of body weight, muscle mass, length and thickness of skeletal bones in different age periods were calculated. Studies have shown that the mass of the pectoral and leg muscles has the highest growth rate in all the studied groups. The growth rate of the exterior and interior indicators decreases unevenly with age, especially in broiler chickens. The intensity of the growth of muscles and bones of the skeleton relative to the growth of body weight has been studied using an allometric equation. Studies have shown that the growth of the pectoral and leg muscles in all groups of chickens in the period up to 10 weeks of life outstrips the growth of the body as a whole. The growth of skeletal bones is characterized by negative allometry. Knowledge of the patterns of growth and development of the bird organism and its individual parts allows to adjust the feeding diet depending on the growth period, monitor the correctness of development and deviations from the standard, as well as choose the most informative periods for the selection of breeding birds. Изучены закономерности интенсивности роста мышц и костей скелета по отношению к росту живой массы у цыплят комбинированного типа продуктивности и бройлеров. Объектом исследования послужили цыплята мясо-яичных популяций: опытная золотисто-полосатая (ЗП), пушкинская из биоресурсной коллекции ВНИИГРЖ и бройлеры кросса Росс 308. Рассчитаны абсолютные значения живой массы, массы мышц, длины и толщины костей скелета в разные возрастные периоды. Исследования показали, что наиболее высокой скоростью роста обладает масса грудных и ножных мышц во всех исследуемых группах. Скорость роста показателей экстерьера и интерьера с возрастом снижается неравномерно, особенно у цыплят-бройлеров. Изучена интенсивность роста мышц и костей скелета относительно роста живой массы с помощью аллометрического уравнения. Установлено, что рост грудных и ножных мышц у всех групп цыплят в период до 10 недель жизни опережает рост организма в целом. Рост костей скелета характеризуется отрицательной аллометрией. Знание закономерностей роста и развития организма птиц и отдельных его частей позволяют корректировать рацион кормления в зависимости от периода роста, отслеживать правильность развития и отклонения от нормы, а также выбирать наиболее информативные периоды для отбора племенной птицы

Evolution of the number of accreting white dwarfs with shell nuclear burning and of occurrence rate of SN Ia

We analyze temporal evolution of the number of accreting white dwarfs with shell hydrogen burning in semidetached and detached binaries. We consider a stellar system in which star formation lasts for 10 Gyr with a constant rate, as well as a system in which the same amount of stars is formed in a single burst lasting for 1 Gyr. Evolution of the number of white dwarfs is confronted to the evolution of occurrence rate of events that usually are identified with SN Ia or accretion-induced collapses, i.e. with accumulation of Chandrasekhar mass by a white dwarf or a merger of a pair of CO white dwarfs with total mass not lower than the Chandrasekhar one. In the systems with a burst of star formation, at $t=$10 Gyr observed supersoft X-ray sources, most probably, are not precursors of SN Ia. The same is true for an overwhelming majority of the sources in the systems with constant star formation rate. In the systems of both kinds mergers of white dwarfs is the dominant SN Ia scenario. In symbiotic binaries, accreting CO-dwarfs do not accumulate enough mass for SN Ia explosion, while ONeMg-dwarfs finish their evolution by an accretion-induced collapse with formation of a neutron star.Comment: 11 pages, 2 figures, accepted by Astronomy Letter

Search for Point Sources of Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays Above 40 EeV Using a Maximum Likelihood Ratio Test

We present the results of a search for cosmic ray point sources at energies above 40 EeV in the combined data sets recorded by the AGASA and HiRes stereo experiments. The analysis is based on a maximum likelihood ratio test using the probability density function for each event rather than requiring an a priori choice of a fixed angular bin size. No statistically significant clustering of events consistent with a point source is found.Comment: 7 pages, 7 figures. Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journa

Air fluorescence measurements in the spectral range 300-420 nm using a 28.5 GeV electron beam

Measurements are reported of the yield and spectrum of fluorescence, excited by a 28.5 GeV electron beam, in air at a range of pressures of interest to ultra-high energy cosmic ray detectors. The wavelength range was 300 - 420 nm. System calibration has been performed using Rayleigh scattering of a nitrogen laser beam. In atmospheric pressure dry air at 304 K the yield is 20.8 +/- 1.6 photons per MeV.Comment: 29 pages, 10 figures. Submitted to Astroparticle Physic

An upper limit on the electron-neutrino flux from the HiRes detector

Air-fluorescence detectors such as the High Resolution Fly's Eye (HiRes) detector are very sensitive to upward-going, Earth-skimming ultrahigh energy electron-neutrino-induced showers. This is due to the relatively large interaction cross sections of these high-energy neutrinos and to the Landau-Pomeranchuk-Migdal (LPM) effect. The LPM effect causes a significant decrease in the cross sections for bremsstrahlung and pair production, allowing charged-current electron-neutrino-induced showers occurring deep in the Earth's crust to be detectable as they exit the Earth into the atmosphere. A search for upward-going neutrino-induced showers in the HiRes-II monocular dataset has yielded a null result. From an LPM calculation of the energy spectrum of charged particles as a function of primary energy and depth for electron-induced showers in rock, we calculate the shape of the resulting profile of these showers in air. We describe a full detector Monte Carlo simulation to determine the detector response to upward-going electron-neutrino-induced cascades and present an upper limit on the flux of electron-neutrinos.Comment: 13 pages, 3 figures. submitted to Astrophysical Journa

Search for Correlations between HiRes Stereo Events and Active Galactic Nuclei

We have searched for correlations between the pointing directions of ultrahigh energy cosmic rays observed by the High Resolution Fly's Eye experiment and Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) visible from its northern hemisphere location. No correlations, other than random correlations, have been found. We report our results using search parameters prescribed by the Pierre Auger collaboration. Using these parameters, the Auger collaboration concludes that a positive correlation exists for sources visible to their southern hemisphere location. We also describe results using two methods for determining the chance probability of correlations: one in which a hypothesis is formed from scanning one half of the data and tested on the second half, and another which involves a scan over the entire data set. The most significant correlation found occurred with a chance probability of 24%.Comment: 13 pages, 1 table, 5 figure