1,697 research outputs found
Measurements of the thermal conductivity of compressed beryllium pebble beds. EFDA reference: TW2-TTBB-007 a D4
Strong signatures of radiation reaction below the radiation dominated regime
The influence of radiation reaction (RR) on multiphoton Thomson scattering by
an electron colliding head-on with a strong laser beam is investigated in a new
regime, in which the momentum transferred on average to the electron by the
laser pulse approximately compensates the one initially prepared. This
equilibrium is shown to be far more sensitive to the influence of RR than
previously studied scenarios. As a consequence RR can be experimentally
investigated with currently available laser systems and the underlying widely
discussed theoretical equations become testable for the first time.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure
Light diffraction by a strong standing electromagnetic wave
The nonlinear quantum interaction of a linearly polarized x-ray probe beam
with a focused intense standing laser wave is studied theoretically. Because of
the tight focusing of the standing laser pulse, diffraction effects arise for
the probe beam as opposed to the corresponding plane wave scenario. A
quantitative estimate for realistic experimental conditions of the ellipticity
and the rotation of the main polarization plane acquired by the x-ray probe
after the interaction shows that the implementation of such vacuum effects is
feasible with future X-ray Free Electron Laser light.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figures. Published versio
Ultra-strong laser pulses: streak-camera for gamma-rays via pair production and quantum radiative reaction
We show that a strong laser pulse combined with a strong x-ray pulse can be
employed in a detection scheme for characterizing high-energy -ray
pulses down to the zeptosecond timescale. The scheme employs streak imaging
technique built upon the high-energy process of electron-positron pair
production in vacuum through the collision of a test pulse with intense laser
pulses. The role of quantum radiation reaction in multiphoton Compton
scattering process and limitations imposed by it on the detection scheme are
examined
Magnetic hour-glass dispersion and its relation to high-temperature superconductivity in iron-tuned FeTeSe
High-temperature superconductivity remains arguably the largest outstanding
enigma of condensed matter physics. The discovery of iron-based
high-temperature superconductors has renewed the importance of understanding
superconductivity in materials susceptible to magnetic order and fluctuations.
Intriguingly they show magnetic fluctuations reminiscent of the superconducting
(SC) cuprates, including a 'resonance' and an 'hour-glass' shaped dispersion,
which provide an opportunity to new insight to the coupling between spin
fluctuations and superconductivity. Here we report inelastic neutron scattering
data on FeTeSe using excess iron concentration to tune
between a SC () and a non-SC () ground states. We find
incommensurate spectra in both samples but discover that in the one that
becomes SC, a constriction towards a commensurate hourglass shape develop well
above . Conversely a spin-gap and concomitant spectral weight shift happen
below . Our results imply that the hourglass shaped dispersion is most
likely a pre-requisite for superconductivity, whereas the spin-gap and shift of
spectral weight are consequences of superconductivity. We explain this
observation by pointing out that an inwards dispersion towards the commensurate
wave-vector is needed for the opening of a spin gap to lower the magnetic
exchange energy and hence provide the necessary condensation energy for the SC
state to emerge
Ultra-high brilliance multi-MeV -ray beam from non-linear Thomson scattering
We report on the generation of a narrow divergence (
mrad), multi-MeV ( MeV) and ultra-high brilliance ( photons s mm mrad 0.1\% BW) -ray
beam from the scattering of an ultra-relativistic laser-wakefield accelerated
electron beam in the field of a relativistically intense laser (dimensionless
amplitude ). The spectrum of the generated -ray beam is
measured, with MeV resolution, seamlessly from 6 MeV to 18 MeV, giving clear
evidence of the onset of non-linear Thomson scattering. The photon source has
the highest brilliance in the multi-MeV regime ever reported in the literature
Non-perturbative vacuum-polarization effects in proton-laser collisions
In the collision of a high-energy proton beam and a strong laser field,
merging of the laser photons can occur due to the polarization of vacuum. The
probability of photon merging is calculated by accounting exactly for the laser
field and presents a highly non-perturbative dependence on the laser intensity
and frequency. It is shown that the non-perturbative vacuum-polarization
effects can be experimentally measured by combining the next-generation of
table-top petawatt lasers with presently available proton accelerators.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figure
What is needed of a tachyon if it is to be the dark energy?
We study a dark energy scenario in the presence of a tachyon field
with potential and a barotropic perfect fluid. The cosmological
dynamics crucially depends on the asymptotic behavior of the quantity
. If is a constant, which corresponds to
an inverse square potential , there exists one
stable critical point that gives an acceleration of the universe at late times.
When asymptotically, we can have a viable dark energy scenario
in which the system approaches an ``instantaneous'' critical point that
dynamically changes with . If approaches infinity
asymptotically, the universe does not exhibit an acceleration at late times. In
this case, however, we find an interesting possibility that a transient
acceleration occurs in a regime where is smaller than of order
unity.Comment: 11 pages and 3 figures, minor clarifications added; final version to
appear in PR
Optical extinction, refractive index, and multiple scattering for suspensions of interacting colloidal particles
We provide a general microscopic theory of the scattering cross-section and
of the refractive index for a system of interacting colloidal particles, exact
at second order in the molecular polarizabilities. In particular: a) we show
that the structural features of the suspension are encoded into the forward
scattered field by multiple scattering effects, whose contribution is essential
for the so-called "optical theorem" to hold in the presence of interactions; b)
we investigate the role of radiation reaction on light extinction; c) we
discuss our results in the framework of effective medium theories, presenting a
general result for the effective refractive index valid, whatever the
structural properties of the suspension, in the limit of particles much larger
than the wavelength; d) by discussing strongly-interacting suspensions, we
unravel subtle anomalous dispersion effects for the suspension refractive
index.Comment: Submitted to Journal of Chemical Physics 37 pages, 4 figure
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