A New Simplified Prediction Method of the Contact State between Shallow Foundations and Swelling Ground

Prediction of the contact state between soil and structure is a key step in any study of shallow foundations resting on swelling soil. However, in practice, the foundation designer has no simple and rapid method, at the design stage, to define the contact conditions. This study presents a new method, both simple and reliable, to predict the contact state. To do this, a soil-structure interaction model is developed. The building behavior is investigated with the Euler–Bernoulli beam theory and the ground behavior is investigated with a Winkler model. The soil-structure interaction is then, studied at the equilibrium state. The thereby obtained equation is analyzed and all of its parameters are synthesized in a new factor named "Detachment Factor". The decidability of the contact is thus reduced to the study of this single element, which allows a reasonable approach to the knowledge of the surface rate engaged in the shallow footings - expansive soil interactions. The conclusions of the current study are validated against five cases treated in the literature in various regions around the world. In addition, a parametric study of the “Detachment Factor” shows that each of its parameters (i.e. swelling stiffness, shape of initial soil surface, permissible deflection, structure geometry and loads) has a variable effect on the contact state between a footing and swelling ground. But, the structure load has the most significant effect on it. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091697 Full Text: PD

Feasibility Study on IPMC Actuated Contractile Water Jet Thruster Body Contraction

This research was conducted to investigate the feasibility of Ionic Polymer Metal Composite (IPMC) as the actuator for Contractile Water Jet Thruster (CWJT). The thrust that generated from the accelerated volume of ejected fluid depends on the IPMC actuator contraction performance. During this investigation, the variation of contraction frequency and nozzle aperture influence on the body deformation was carried out. The results of the experiments exhibit that the body contraction decreased tremendously from 0.05 Hz to 0.15 Hz. The body contraction has no apparent decrement for more than 0.15 Hz of contraction frequency. Besides, larger nozzle aperture has relatively more body contraction than smaller nozzle aperture. These results show that the fixed actuation force and the contraction frequency have a significant influence on the CWJT body contraction

The Tempo and Mode of Three‐Dimensional Morphological Evolution in Male Reproductive Structures

Various evolutionary forces may shape the evolution of traits that influence the mating decisions of males and females. Phe- notypic traits that males and females use to judge the species identify of potential mates should evolve in a punctuated fashion, changing significantly at the time of speciation but changing little between speciation events. In contrast, traits experiencing sexual selection or sexually antagonistic interactions are generally expected to change continuously over time because of the directional selection pressures imposed on one sex by the actions of the other. To test these hy- potheses, we used spherical harmonic representations of the shapes of male mating structures in reconstructions of the evolutionary tempo of these structures across the history of the Enallagma dam- selfly clade. Our analyses show that the evolution of these structures is completely consistent with a punctuated model of evolutionary change and a constant evolutionary rate throughout the clade’s his- tory. In addition, no interpopulation variation in shape was detected across the range of one species. These results indicate that male mating structures in this genus are used primarily for identifying the species of potential mates and experience little or no selection from intraspecific sexual selection or sexual antagonism. The implications of these results for speciation are discussed

Seroprevalence of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 infection (HTLV1) in different patients in the north of Iran

Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type-1 (HTLV1) is a lymphotropic virus which can contribute to carcinogenesis in adult T-cell leukemia, myleopathy and other disorders. 20 million people are affected by this virus in the world. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of human T-cell lymph tropic virus type 1 infection in patients referred to Emam’s hospital laboratory in Sari. A cross-sectional study was done in 2009 to 2010 based on the different patients that were referred to Emam`s hospital laboratory in Sari. Our samples were selected by simple random selection, after venous blood sample was centrifuged and reserved in -70°C. All the samples were tested by enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay (ELISA). An ELISA positive result was checked by Western blot (WB) assays. Out of 1200 cases, 776 were female (65%) with ages between 1 and 76 years old. Most of the cases were Mazandaranian (99%); although only one person was recorded as HTLV1 positive (0.08%). He was a 41 years old man, living in Sari, with high school education. He was married (one wife) without any risk factor in past medical history, such as surgery, transfusion and abuse of injection, but he had HBV infection. Most of the females were housewives and most of the males were non-governmental employees; moreover, diabetes was more common among them. The results of the samples show that 122 women were pregnant, 92 cases had transfusion and 642 cases had different surgery. It was observed that the incidence of HTLV1 infection was very rare in the north of Iran (Sari); therefore, the routine HTLV1 screening was not recommended.Key words: Seroprevalence, human T-cell lymphotropic virus type-1 (HTLV1), patients, Iran

ANALISIS EFEKTIVITAS KEBIJAKAN PROGRAM RASTRA TERHADAP TINGKAT KESEJAHTERAAN MASYARAKAT

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektifitas  kebijakan program RASTRA terhadap tingkat kesejahteraan masyarakat di Kecamatan Pakusari Kabupaten Jember. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah jumlah masyarakat Kecamatan Pakusari yang  mendapat bantuan dari program keluarga harapan. Jumlah keseluruhan RTS RASTRA 5,482 yang diambil sebagai populasi yang tersebar ke 7 desa di Kecamatan Pakusari. Metode analisis data menggunakan analisis diskriptif yang diperoleh dengan melakukan wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pencapaian tujuan  RASTRA    di Kecamatan Pakusari Jember belum tercapai disebabkan di beberapa desa pemerintah tidak mampu memberdayakan masyarakat dengan maksimal serta kualitas beras yang masih kurang pun mengakibatkan tidak efektifnya program beras sejahtera sehingga pelayanan kepada masyarakat masih kurang. Integrasi yang ada di kecamatan Pakusari kurang baik karena pemerintah tidak mampu  untuk  memberikan  informasi  yang baru kepada masyarakat tentang program ini juga pemerintah kurang menyesuaikan perubahan data yang ada. Pemerintah harus mengadakan kerjasama  dan  lebih  teliti.  Pemerintah  tidak mampu melaksanakan program dengan sebaik mungkin karena masyarakat masih melihat tindakan  penyelewengan  yang  dilakukan aparat pemerintah setempat yang ada

Menghitung nilai emisivitas warna menggunakan miniatur ruang berbentuk silinder sebagai media pembelajaran fisika

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui nilai emisivitas warna ungu (purple comet), hijau, biru, merah, hijau muda, biru muda, jingga, coklat muda, kuning, merah muda; serta mendeskripsikan peningkatan hasil belajar kognitif siswa dengan menggunakan model PBL pada konsep Perpindahan Kalor siswa kelas X-TKJ SMK Negeri 1 Bengkulu Tengah; dan menjelaskan perbedaan hasil belajar kognitif siswa pada kelompok tinggi, sedang dan rendah. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas X SMK Negeri 1 Bengkulu Tengah tahun pelajaran 2016/2017. Sampel diambil dengan teknik Purpose sampling, yaitu kelas X.TKJ (Teknik Komputer Jaringan) yang diajar dengan model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning (PBL). Penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen semu dengan desain One Group pretest-posttest design. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: Nilai emisivitas secara berurutan sebesar 0,92; 0,83; 0,75; 0,62; 0,57; 0,54; 0,50; 0,40; 0,31; 0,24; Terdapat peningkatan hasil belajar pada konsep Perpindahan Kalor siswa kelompok tinggi, sedang dan rendah dengan nilai N-gain masing-masing sebesar 0,75 (tinggi), 0,52 (sedang), dan 0,44 (sedang); Terdapat perbedaan hasil belajar kognitif siswa pada kelompok tinggi, sedang dan rendah yang ditunjukkan oleh Fhitung > Ftabel (4,04 > 3,35) pada taraf signifikansi 5%. Kata kunci: Emisivitas warna; miniatur ruang; silinder; media; pembelajaran fisik

Quasiparticle energies for large molecules: a tight-binding GW approach

We present a tight-binding based GW approach for the calculation of quasiparticle energy levels in confined systems such as molecules. Key quantities in the GW formalism like the microscopic dielectric function or the screened Coulomb interaction are expressed in a minimal basis of spherically averaged atomic orbitals. All necessary integrals are either precalculated or approximated without resorting to empirical data. The method is validated against first principles results for benzene and anthracene, where good agreement is found for levels close to the frontier orbitals. Further, the size dependence of the quasiparticle gap is studied for conformers of the polyacenes ($C_{4n+2}H_{2n+4}$) up to n = 30.Comment: 10 pages, 5 eps figures submitted to Phys. Rev.

Coupling ultrasound with enzyme-assisted extraction of essential oil from algerian artemisia herba-alba asso

The composition of the essential oil (EO) of Artemisia herba-alba Asso, extracted by Hydro-Distillation (HD) and by coupling Ultrasound with Enzyme-Assisted Extraction (UE-AE) prior to HD from the plant's aerial parts were analyzed by GC-MS. Antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant activities of the obtained EOs were evaluated. The yield of EO extraction after pretreatment of the desert wormwood leaves by coupling ultrasound with enzymes was in the range of 1.56%±0.07 compared to 1.01% ±0.08 in HD process; also, the total time necessary to complete EO extraction is 180min for HD and 120min for UE-AE. GC-MS profiling of the EOs showed changes in chemo type obtained by HD from camphor/1,8-cineole/α-mujone/chrysanmenone to a new chemo type in the case of UE-AE: camphor/α-thujone/1,8-cineole/filifolone; Then, an increasing of filifolone, α-thujone, 3-octyne and cis-limonene oxide characterize the UE-EO. The antifungal activity of the EO has slightly increased when extracted by UE-AE, however, both antibacterial and antioxidant activities were interestingly increased