Deformasi Gunung Kelud Pascapembentukan Kubah Lava November 2007

DOI: 10.17014/ijog.v5i1.90The eruption of Kelud Volcano in 2007 was started with an increase in the seismic activity on September 2007. It was ended with a lava dome formation inside the crater lake on 3 November 2007. This phenomenon showed the change of eruption behavior compared to the last eruption on February 1990 that was an explosive one. Result from the GPS observation method during three periods, which are: April, August, and October 2008 showed that the vector displacement on each measured point was affected dominantly by structural geology forces as a crustal stabilisation after the last phase of November 2007 eruption. There was also a minor displacement as the result of magma migration around the points that were close to the lava dome. The magma migration occurred in a relatively shallow depth and was associated with an aseismic zone. The deformation that occurred as a result of magma migration toward the surface was calculated to determine the magma supply and magma injected. The result then was compared to illustrate a mechanism of deformation during April – October 2008. The comparison of magma supply and magma injected within these periods showed that the inflation still occurred, but it was not supported by a surface manifestation. This inflation could be false because of data discontinuity, or it is actually a part of deflation trend

Simulation of sub-drains performance using visual MODFLOW for slope water seepage Problem

Numerical simulation technique was used for investigating water seepage problem at the Botanic Park Kuala Lumpur. A proposed sub-drains installation in problematic site location was simulated using Modular Three-Dimensional Finite Difference Groundwater Flow (MODFLOW) software. The results of simulation heads during transient condition showed that heads in between 43 m (water seepage occurred at level 2) until 45 m (water seepage occurred at level 4) which heads measurement are referred to mean sea level. However, elevations measurements for level 2 showed the values between 41 to 42 m from mean sea level and elevations for level 4 between 42 to 45 m from mean sea level. These results indicated an increase in heads for level 2 and level 4 between 1 to 2 m when compared to elevations slope at the level 2 and level 4. The head increases surpass the elevation level of the slope area that causing water seepage at level 2 and level 4. In order to overcome this problems, the heads level need to be decrease to 1 until 2 m by using two options of sub-drain dimension size. Sub-drain with the dimension of 0.0750 m (diameter), 0.10 m (length) and using 4.90 m spacing was the best method to use as it was able to decrease the heads to the required levels of 1 to 2 m

Simulation of sub-drains performance using visual MODFLOW for slope water seepage Problem

Numerical simulation technique was used for investigating water seepage problem at the Botanic Park Kuala Lumpur. A proposed sub-drains installation in problematic site location was simulated using Modular Three-Dimensional Finite Difference Groundwater Flow (MODFLOW) software. The results of simulation heads during transient condition showed that heads in between 43 m (water seepage occurred at level 2) until 45 m (water seepage occurred at level 4) which heads measurement are referred to mean sea level. However, elevations measurements for level 2 showed the values between 41 to 42 m from mean sea level and elevations for level 4 between 42 to 45 m from mean sea level. These results indicated an increase in heads for level 2 and level 4 between 1 to 2 m when compared to elevations slope at the level 2 and level 4. The head increases surpass the elevation level of the slope area that causing water seepage at level 2 and level 4. In order to overcome this problems, the heads level need to be decrease to 1 until 2 m by using two options of sub-drain dimension size. Sub-drain with the dimension of 0.0750 m (diameter), 0.10 m (length) and using 4.90 m spacing was the best method to use as it was able to decrease the heads to the required levels of 1 to 2 m

Studying Landslide Displacements in Megamendung (Indonesia) Using GPS Survey Method

Landslide is one of prominent geohazards that frequently affects Indonesia, especially in the rainy season. It destroys not only environment and property, but usually also causes deaths. Landslide monitoring is therefore very crucial and should be continuously done. One of the methods that can have a contribution in studying landslide phenomena is repeated GPS survey method. This paper presents and discusses the operational performances, constraints and results of GPS surveys conducted in a well known landslide prone area in West Java (Indonesia), namely Megamendung, the hilly region close to Bogor. Three GPS surveys involving 8 GPS points have been conducted, namely on April 2002, May 2003 and May 2004, respectively. The estimated landslide displacements in the area are relatively quite large in the level of a few dm to a few m. Displacements up to about 2-3 m were detected in the April 2002 to May 2003 period, and up to about 3-4 dm in the May 2003 to May 2004 period. In both periods, landslides in general show the northwest direction of displacements. Displacements vary both spatially and temporally. This study also suggested that in order to conclude the existence of real and significant displacements of GPS points, the GPS estimated displacements should be subjected to three types of testing namely: the congruency test on spatial displacements, testing on the agreement between the horizontal distance changes with the predicted direction of landslide displacement, and testing on the consistency of displacement directions on two consecutive periods

A study on V-shaped microstrip patch MIMO antenna

A study on the V-shaped microstrip patch antenna for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication system based on the antenna orientation is performed. First the microstrip patch antenna operating at 2.45 GHz is calculated and simulated. Next, multiple elements of antennas for MIMO system is simulated and discussed. V-shaped with 45 degree slanted inward and outward is studied. The antenna properties are analyzed and compact antenna design is determined based on the simulation results. The dresults show the gap between antennas can be optimized to 1 mm while maintaining low mutual coupling. The gain of the MIMO antenna is 8.42 dBi. The simulated return losses, together with the radiation patterns, are presented and discussed

Reconfigurable Metamaterial Structure at Millimeter Wave Frequency Range

In this paper, reconfigurable metamaterial structure at millimeter wave frequency range was designed and simulated for a future fifth generation (5G) mobile-phone beam switching applications. The new proposed structure was composed of a bridge-shaped resonator (BSR) in the front face and strip line at the back face of the unit cell which operates at 28 GHz. First, non-reconfigurable low loss BSR unit cell was designed and subsequently, the reconfigurability was achieved using four switches formed in the gaps of the structure. The proposed structure achieves the lowest loss and almost full transmission among its counterparts by -0.06 dB (0.99 in linear scale). To demonstrate the reconfigurability of the metamaterial, the reflection and transmission coefficients and real parts of the effective refractive index at each reconfigured frequency were studied and investigated. Simulation results showed that a high transmission and reflection peaks occur at each resonance frequency according to change the state of the switches

Mapping on slope seepage problem using Electrical Resistivity Imaging (ERI)

The stability of slope may influenced by several factors such as its geomaterial properties, geometry and environmental factors. Problematic slope due to seepage phenomenon will influenced the slope strength thus promoting to its failure. In the past, slope seepage mapping suffer from several limitation due to cost, time and data coverage. Conventional engineering tools to detect or mapped the seepage on slope experienced those problems involving large and high elevation of slope design. As a result, this study introduced geophysical tools for slope seepage mapping based on electrical resistivity method. Two spread lines of electrical resistivity imaging were performed on the slope crest using ABEM SAS 4000 equipment. Data acquisition configuration was based on long and short arrangement, schlumberger array and 2.5 m of equal electrode spacing interval. Raw data obtained from data acquisition was analyzed using RES2DINV software. Both of the resistivity results show that the slope studied consists of three different anomalies representing top soil (200 – 1000 Ωm), perched water (10 – 100 Ωm) and hard/dry layer (> 200 Ωm). It was found that seepage problem on slope studied was derived from perched water zones with electrical resistivity value of 10 – 100 Ωm. Perched water zone has been detected at 6 m depth from the ground level with varying thickness at 5 m and over. Resistivity results have shown some good similarity output with reference to borehole data, geological map and site observation thus verified the resistivity results interpretation. Hence, this study has shown that the electrical resistivity imaging was applicable in slope seepage mapping which consider efficient in term of cost, time, data coverage and sustainability

Accuracy and quickness criterion-based driving skill metric for human adaptive mechatronics system

Previous studies on driving skill algorithm have combined tracking error and time related variables into algorithm formulation. This method however does not include a car orientation and lateral speed information as an integral part of the algorithm. Two new variables are introduced into the algorithm structure, namely, orientation angle and lateral speed. Nine participants were carefully recruited for a driving test to validate the algorithm. A simulated driving environment was specifically devised for this experiment. A driving track used in this experiment was segmented into five different severities for data analysis. Two fundamental goals have led to the collection and subsequent analysis of the data. The first is analysing the variables in relation to the driving task. The second involves data analysis being further extended into analysing the algorithm performance over estimating the driving skill index. The results reveal that the proposed variables are well correlated with the driving task, and improvement in algorithm performance is found to be almost double compared to the previous algorithm

Analisis Kualitas Pelayanan Pembuatan Sertifikat Tanah Di Kantor Pertanahan Kabupaten Boyolali

The success of a government can be seen from the quality of service that the government give to the people. The level of quality of service depends on the performance of the bureaucracy as public service providers. In order to improve services and to develop Boyolali District, the government of Boyolali District create Land Office services that obliged to carry out registration of land in Boyolali. Only 68,05% land in Boyolali District has registered in the Land Office. Many people has complained because the lack of service that the Land Office give. The purpose of this research is to find out the quality and the factors that affect the services in Boyolali District Land Office. The assesment of quality service is measured by three (3) components, interpersonal environment, procedure and technical environment, and then using five (5) dimensions: tangible, reliability, responsiviness, assurance and empathy. This research used qualitative descriptive approach, Boyolali District Land Office employee as the informan and the people who makes the land certificate. The results of this research showed the three components (officers, procedures and techniques) were measured by using five dimensions namely tangible, reliability, responsivness, assurance and empathy still require some improvement and some of the dimensions that must be maintained. The factors that affect the quality of service is awareness, regulations / standards, organization, personnel skills and infrastructure. Advice can be given to improved officer quality is increase the number of field officers and provide training. Land Office have to socialize all the programs so the users can understand the procedures, and then optimize the use of cars Larasita, a clear schedule, supervise the officers and provide queue number machine

Protection of the Rights of Women and Children in The Divorce Process through Psychologists Role in the Religious Court in Indonesia.

Women and children are part of a social community that guarantees their human security when dealing with the law, especially as victims of divorce. Several policies that the Supreme Court has issued as a form of human security for the rights of women and children in the religious court include Supreme Court Regulation (Perma) Number 3 of 2017 concerning Guidelines for Prosecuting Womens Cases Dealing with the Law and Perma Number 5 of 2019 concerning Guidelines for Adjudicating Marriage Dispensations. The problem of this study is how these two policies can provide security for psychologically fulfilling legal rights for women and children. Therefore, implementing these two policies must be supported by the psychologists role especially in religious courts. The aim to be achieved is to provide psychological support for women and children dealing with the law in the religious court. Thus, the method used to obtain data is a literature study with normative approach. The data were analyzed descriptively, and the results showed that the role of psychologists was indispensable in the religious court. The reason is that the psychological condition of women and children in legal proceedings is vulnerable to experiencing fear, insecurity, and slumping