Dilepton és ritka részecskék keltése nehézion reakciókban = Dilepton and strange particle production in heavy ion reactions

Dileptonkeltést számoltunk HADES energiákon különböző modellekben. Egy egyszerű, de nagyon pontosan fittelt modellben, IQMD-ben, azt találtuk, hogy le tudjuk írni a HADES adatokat vákuum tulajdonságú vektormezonokkal, s nem nagyon van lehetöség jelentős közegbeli változásokra. Megvizsgáltuk BUU-val, hogy hogyan lehet megfigyelni vektormezonok közegbeli módosulását a dilepton spektrumban. Azt találtuk, hogy a tömegspektrum nem elég, még erős módosulások megfigyelésére sem, legalább kétszer differenciális hatáskeresztmetszet kell. Spektrálfüggvényt vezettünk be a vektormezonokra transzport modellünkbe, és időbeli fejlődésüket ezek segitségével irjuk le. Megmutattuk, hogy a módszerünk kielégiti az enegia-impulzus megmaradást, és a vákuumban a részecskék visszanyerik vákuumbeli tulajdonságukat. Ez a modell is leirja a HADES adatokat. Rho és A1 mezonok keveredését vizsgáltuk. A keveredés függ a sürüségtöl. QCD-összegszabályok segitségével levezettük a keveredési paraméter sürüségfüggését. Kisérleti kimutatásra azt javasoltuk, hogy keressük a rho-mezonok 3 pionos bomlását p+C 1,5 GeV-es ütközésben. A kombinatorikus-háttér levágás segitségével úgy tünik van esély a jelenség megfigyelésére. Ultrarelativisztikus nehézion-ütközéseket tanulmányoztunk 3D numerikus hidrodinamikai modellel. Jelenleg a hadronizáció és a kifagyás jelenség leirásán dolgozunk. | We calculated dilepton production at HADES energies. In IQMD, we found that we can describe the HADES data with particles having vacuum properties, and there is not much space left for in-medium modification of vector mesons. We studied with BUU how can we observe medium modification of vector mesons in the dilepton mass spectrum. We found that the simple mass spectrum is not enough for observing even strong effects. One has to use at least twofold differential dilepton spectrum to see any. We introduced spectral functions for vector mesons, and let them propagate in our transport model. We showed that our approach is energy-momentum conserving and in vacuum particles regain their vacuum properties. This model could also describe the HADES data. Even strong modification of vector mesons will be washed out in the dilepton spectrum. We studied the mixing of the rho and A_1 mesons. The mixing depends on the density. We derived the mixing parameter as a function of density from QCD sum rules. For experimental signature we suggest to find 3 pion decay of the rho-meson in pi-C collision at 1.5 GeV. With combinatorial background subtraction there is a hope to see this effect. We study ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions using a 3D numerical hydrodynamical model. We currently work on the description of the hadronization and freeze out processes during which the experimentally observed final state particles are created

Polarization and dilepton anisotropy in pion-nucleon collisions

Hadronic polarization and the related anisotropy of the dilepton angular distribution are studied for the reaction $\pi N \rightarrow Ne^+ e^-$. We employ consistent effective interactions for baryon resonances up to spin-5/2, where non-physical degrees of freedom are eliminated, to compute the anisotropy coefficients for isolated intermediate baryon resonances. It is shown that the spin and parity of the intermediate baryon resonance is reflected in the angular dependence of the anisotropy coefficient. We then compute the anisotropy coefficient including the $N(1520)$ and $N(1440)$ resonances, which are essential at the collision energy of the recent data obtained by the HADES collaboration on this reaction. We conclude that the anisotropy coefficient provides useful constraints for unravelling the resonance contributions to this process.Comment: 11 pages, 5 figures, version accepted for publication in Physics Letters

A Three-Flavor Chiral Effective Model with Four Baryonic Multiplets within the Mirror Assignment

In the case of three quark flavors, (pseudo)scalar diquarks transform as antiquarks under chiral transformations. We construct four spin-1/2 baryonic multiplets from left- and right-handed quarks as well as left- and right-handed diquarks. The fact that two of these multiplets transform in a "mirror" way allows for chirally invariant mass terms. We then embed these baryonic multiplets into the Lagrangian of the so-called extended Linear Sigma Model, which features (pseudo)scalar and (axial-)vector mesons, as well as glueballs. Reducing the Lagrangian to the two-flavor case, we obtain four doublets of nucleonic states. These mix to produce four experimentally observed states with definite parity: the positive-parity nucleon $N(939)$ and Roper resonance $N(1440)$, as well as the negative-parity resonances $N(1535)$ and $N(1650)$. We determine the parameters of the nucleonic part of the Lagrangian from a fit to masses and decay properties of the aforementioned states. Studying the limit of vanishing quark condensate, we conclude that $N(939)$ and $N(1535)$, as well as $N(1440)$ and $N(1650)$ form pairs of chiral partners.Comment: 19 pages, 3 figure

Dilepton and φ meson production in elementary and nuclear collisions at the NICA fixed-target experiment

We argue that the NICA fixed target experiment will be able to provide very important new experimental data on dilepton and $\phi$ meson production in the basically undiscovered energy domain between the SIS and SPS energies. Experimental information about elementary cross sections in this energy region is an essential ingredient of models of nuclear collisions in the same energy range

Studying freeze-out and hadronization in the Landau hydrodynamical model

We study the rapidity spectra in ultra-relativistic heavy ion collisions in the framework of the Landau hydrodynamical model. We find that thermal smearing effects improve the agreement with experimental results on pion rapidity spectra. We describe a simple model of the hadronization and discuss its consequences regarding the pion multiplicity and the increasing entropy condition.Comment: 7 pages, 3 figure

Subthreshold Ξ

We study the production of the doubly strange Ξ baryon in subthreshold p + A collisions using a BUU type transport model. We propose a new mechanism for Ξ creation in a two-step process via hyperon-nucleon collisions. We study the influence of the anisotropy of hyperon production in N + N collisions on the Ξ multiplicity. Applying reasonable assumptions on the unknown elementary cross sections, we are able to reconstruct the Ξ yield observed by the HADES collaboration (GSI, Darmstadt) in subthreshold p+Nb collisions

Influence of anisotropic Λ/Σ creation on the Ξ− multiplicity in subthreshold proton–nucleus collisions

We present an analysis of Ξ− baryon production in subthreshold proton–nucleus (p+A) collisions in the framework of a BUU type transport model. We propose a new mechanism for Ξ production in the collision of a secondary Λ or Σ hyperon and a nucleon from the target nucleus. We find that the Ξ− multiplicity in p+A collisions is sensitive to the angular distribution of hyperon production in the primary N+N collision. Using reasonable assumptions on the unknown elementary cross sections we are able to reproduce the Ξ− multiplicity and the Ξ−/(Λ+Σ0) ratio obtained in the HADES experiment in p+Nb collisions at sNN= 3.2 GeV energy. Keywords: Proton–nucleus collision, Subthreshold particle production, Strangeness production, Ξ baryon production, Transport model

Polarization and Dilepton Angular Distribution in Pion-Nucleon Collisions

We study hadronic polarization and the related anisotropy of the dilepton angular distribution for the reaction $\pi N \to Ne^+e^-$. We employ consistent effective interactions for baryon resonances up to spin-5/2 to compute their contribution to the anisotropy coefficient. We show that the spin and parity of the intermediate baryon resonance is reflected in the angular dependence of the anisotropy coefficient. We present results for the anisotropy coefficient including the $N(1520)$ and $N(1440)$ resonances, which are essential at the collision energy of the recent data obtained by the HADES collaboration on this reaction. We conclude that the anisotropy coefficient provides useful constraints for unraveling the resonance contributions to this process.Comment: Presented at the NSTAR2017 conferenc