865 research outputs found
Commentary and Enlightenment on Supervision Thought of Sun Yat-sen
Supervision thought of Sun Yat-sen is an important component among his theory of civil right doctrine and entire “three people” doctrine. His supervision thought offers us important lesson and enlightenment to our strengthening and perfecting power supervision mechanism and socialism nomocracy construction today. In this paper, the author introduced the content, analyzed advantages and disadvantages of his supervision thought and demonstrated the enlightenment to nomocracy construction in China today
A Japanese-Chinese contrastive study of politeness via degree of intimacy : from the perspective of discourse politeness theory
PDF/A形式により利用可能アクセス:WWWによる東京外国語大学大学院総合国際学研究科博士 (学術) 論文 (2018年3月)博甲第243号参考文献: p308-310その他のタイトルは英文要旨による東京外国語大学 (Tokyo University of Foreign Studies)博士 (学術
Student Off-Task Electronic Multitasking Predictors: Scale Development and Validation
In an attempt to better understand factors contributing to students’ off-task electronic multitasking behavior in class, the research included two studies that developed a scale of students’ off-task electronic multitasking predictors (the SOTEMP scale), and explored relationships between the scale and various classroom communication processes and outcomes. The first study inductively developed initial typologies for the SOTEMP scale, refined the scale item pool, and explored the dimensions of the scale. Subsequently, the second study validated the scale through a confirmatory factor analysis and by assessing different concurrently existing communication processes as well as students’ perceived learning outcomes. Four factors were found: Lack of Class Relating, Technology Dependence, Class Easiness, and Overwhelmed feeling. Reliability and validity were established for the scale. Results indicated the SOTEMP scale was positively related to students’ cognitive absorption, and negatively related to students’ perception of their affective learning. However, the SOTEMP scale was not related to students’ perceived cognitive learning. Limitations and implications for future research are discussed
The dynamics of a delayed generalized fractional-order biological networks with predation behavior and material cycle
In this paper, a delayed generalized fractional-order biological networks with predation behavior and material cycle is comprehensively discussed. Some criteria of stability and bifurcation for the present system is presented. Moreover some results of two delays are obtained. Finally, some numerical simulations are presented to support the analytical results
The effects of skewness on hedging decisions: an application of the skew-normal distribution in WTI and Brent futures
Skewness, as a proxy for extreme risks or losses, deserves more
attention from risk management work of portfolio selection and
futures hedging. We evaluate the hedging performance of strategies considering the skewness for two major benchmark international crude oil markets, Brent and WTI, with sample period
ranging from June 11, 2018, to May 19, 2021. This paper contributes to the literature by accounting for futures basis and the
skewness of the hedged portfolio return. Specifically, we first
extend the existing literature of Lien (2010), whose study investigated the effect of skewness on optimal production and hedging
decisions, to the case of a futures bias existing. Then, we propose
minimum-risk hedging models wherein the return of the hedged
portfolio return is assumed to follow a skew-normal distribution,
which is a generalization of normality assumption. From the
empirical results, we find that skewness cannot be ignored, otherwise it will lead to wrong hedging decision. Furthermore, hedging
strategies under skew-normal distribution are outperformed than
that under the normal distribution assumption. The research
results of this paper have important implications for investors and
decision makers to hedge the price risk of crude oil in extreme
market conditions
Cross-Regulation of Protein Stability by p53 and Nuclear Receptor SHP
We report here a novel interplay between tumor suppressor p53 and nuclear receptor SHP that controls p53 and SHP stability. Overexpression of p53 causes rapid SHP protein degradation, which does not require the presence of Mdm2 and is mediated by the proteosome pathway. Overexpressing SHP alone does not affect p53 stability. However, SHP destabilizes p53 by augmentation of Mdm2 ubiquitin ligase activity toward p53. The single amino acid substitution in the SHP protein SHPK170R increases SHP binding to p53 relative to SHP wild-type, whereas SHPG171A variant shows a diminished p53 binding. As a result of the cross-regulation, the tumor suppressor function of p53 and SHP in inhibition of colon cancer growth is compromised. Our findings reveal a unique scenario for a cross-inhibition between two tumor suppressors to keep their expression and function in check
Effect of atractylenolide III on interstitial cells of Cajal and C-kit/SCF pathway of rats with loperamide-induced slow transit constipation
Purpose: To determine the effect of atractylenolide-III (ATL-III) on loperamide-induced slow transit constipation (STC) in a rat STC model, and to elucidate the mechanisms involved.
Methods: Male Wistar rats were divided into five groups (n=6 per group): normal control group (NG), model group, and three STC rat groups treated with different doses of ATL-III, viz, 5, 10 and 15 mg/kg. The rats were treated for 15 days. Feed consumption, fecal excretion and intestinal transit rate were determined. Nitric oxide synthase (NOS), somatostatin (SS), serotonin (5-HT), and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) were measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The protein and mRNA expressions of C-kit, SCF, PKC, and PI-3K were assayed using Western blot analysis and realtime reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), respectively.
Results: The amount, weight, and moisture content of stool, and water consumption were significantly higher in ATL-III-treated groups than in the untreated (model) group (p < 0.05), whereas no difference was observed in feed intake. Intestinal transit rate was higher in the ATL-III-treated groups (p < 0.05). Decreased NOS, SS and VIP levels and increased 5-HT level were seen in the ATL-III-treated groups (p < 0.05). ATL-III treatment also induced increases in smooth muscle cells, neuronal cells, and mucous layer (p<0.05). Results from RT-PCR and Western blot revealed that ATL-III–treated groups had elevated c-kit, SCF, PKC, as well as PI-3K mRNA and protein expressions (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: These results suggest that ATL-III mitigates loperamide-induced STC in rats via stimulation of NOS, SS, VIP, and 5-HT secretions. It also increases smooth muscle cells, neuronal cells, and mucous layer, and regulates the signaling pathways involving PKC, PI3K, SCF, and c-kit
Do-Not-Answer: A Dataset for Evaluating Safeguards in LLMs
With the rapid evolution of large language models (LLMs), new and
hard-to-predict harmful capabilities are emerging. This requires developers to
be able to identify risks through the evaluation of "dangerous capabilities" in
order to responsibly deploy LLMs. In this work, we collect the first
open-source dataset to evaluate safeguards in LLMs, and deploy safer
open-source LLMs at a low cost. Our dataset is curated and filtered to consist
only of instructions that responsible language models should not follow. We
annotate and assess the responses of six popular LLMs to these instructions.
Based on our annotation, we proceed to train several BERT-like classifiers, and
find that these small classifiers can achieve results that are comparable with
GPT-4 on automatic safety evaluation. Warning: this paper contains example data
that may be offensive, harmful, or biased.Comment: 18 pages, 9 figures, 11 table
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