Impact of Adult Literacy Programmes on Political Empowerment of Women in Kwara State

This study examined the impact of adult literacy programmes on political empowerment of women in Kwara State. It specifically, examined politically related issues in the contents of the programmes and impact of the programmes on the political empowerment of women in the State. The study adopted Expost Facto research design. The sample of 380 women adult literacy beneficiaries were selected through snow-ball sampling technique. Data was collected through Adult Literacy Programmes and Women Political Empowerment Questionnaire (ALPWPEQ) and documentary analysis. The questionnaire was validated by the adult literacy expert and its reliability was determined through test-re-test method and 0.76 co-efficient was obtained. The data was subjected to documentary analysis; mean scores statistics, simple tabulation and chi-square. The findings of the study revealed that the contents of literacy programmes for women are politically related, the literacy programme had impacted politically on the status of women in Kwara State. The literacy programmes have not been able to develop in women political leadership confidence. The study recommends that a more ideological literacy programme such as literacy for CONSCIENTIZATION should be adopted. And rule of law, seeking information about candidates in an election and political accountability should be part of adult literacy contents for women in Kwara State. Keywords: Impact, Adult Literacy, Political Empowermen

Workers’ Education: A Tool for Workers’ Empowerment

Workforce remains indispensable machinery through which goods and services are produced.  Therefore, no society could succeed without having working class whose efforts are geared towards attaining societal development.  The employment patterns and trends as well as technological changes of our society have called for continuous learning opportunities of workers to be able to fit in to the scheme of work dynamic situations and conditions.  The welfare of workers and their family members is very important, in fact exploitation of workers of any form must be fought to enable workers gain their personality as individuals and members of the society.  The position of this paper is that workers’ welfare, whether at work or home will be greater improved when they are better educated, an illiterate worker not only faces a risk of work-loss but a very limited opportunity for re-engagement as well.  He or she also receives better remuneration and self-fulfilled as well as attaining professional happiness.  It is against this background that this paper advocates for workers’ education as a tool for workers’ empowerment through its specially designed programs; Literacy education, Vocational skills, labor education, pre-retirement education, leisure education, development education and computer education. Keywords: Workers, Education and Empowermen

NON-FORMAL EDUCATION OPTIONS FOR ADDRESSING SECURITY CHALLENGES IN NORTH-EAST AND NORTH-WEST NIGERIA

The issue of Boko Haram and Banditry insurgency has been characterized by the killing, of people, abduction of school children, kidnapping for ransom, army robbery, raping, rustling of cows, destruction of houses, schools, mosques, churches, markets, security posts, health care centers, and farms has become a great security problem in northeast and northwest, Nigeria. The issue has resulted in a waste of peoples’ lives and livelihoods in the two geopolitical zones. The researchers believe that Boko haram insurgency and banditry security issues in Nigeria can be better addressed through Non-formal Education options. This study, therefore, examined how non-formal education can be explored to end insecurity challenges in the northeast and northwest Nigeria. The researchers used the Google database to get relevant journal papers. The prism technique was used to get and extract data based on the known inclusion and exclusion criteria. According to the analysis, non-formal education options can be explored to address boko haram insurgency and banditry in north-east and north-west Nigeria and if non-formal education options as described in this study are adopted, boko haram insurgency and banditry will be of the past in Nigeria

Effects of magnetically treated water on germination and growth of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum: Variety uc82b) under poor soil fertility and deficit irrigation

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of magnetically treated water on the survival of tomato plant after germination and growth of the tomato plant under deficit irrigation and poor soil fertility. The soil used in this study was sieved through 2 mm sieve to have a uniform soil particle sizes and to remove some organic matter that was yet to decompose. Water from the University of Ilorin dam was used for irrigating the tomato (Lycopersicon Esculentum: variety UC82B) plant. The water was allowed to pass through magnetic treatment pipe for duration of 113 s. The mean magnetic flux density used was 719 gauss (G) measured inside the pipe. The treatments (T1 to T5) were 100 %, 80 %, 60 %, 50 % and 40 % of the water requirement by tomato and each treatment was replicated 5 times. Experimental layout used in this study was a completely randomized design (CRD) with a control experiment set up adjacent to it in the same transparent garden shed. The results showed that tomato plant irrigated with magnetically-treated water exhibited resistance to water stress, poor soil fertility and fungal attack with 52 % surviving after germination while only 24 % of tomato plants survived after irrigation with non–magnetically treated water. The heights of tomato plants using the treated water with T1 to T5 were 548 mm, 381 mm, 342 mm, 301 mm and 286 mm, respectively while those of untreated water were 512 mm, 365 mm, 326 mm, 298 mm and 264 mm, respectively.Keywords: irrigation, magnetically treated water, magnetic water, tomat

Pattern of hysterosalpingographic findings among infertile women at a tertiary hospital in North West, Nigeria

Background: Infertility is a global public health problem, with the highest prevalence in sub-Saharan Africa where infection-related tubal damage is the commonest cause. Hysterosalpingography (HSG) is the first line investigation in the evaluation of tubal patency.Objectives: The study was performed to assess the prevalence and pattern of HSG findings in patients who went through infertility clinic at Aminu Kano Teaching HospitalMethodology: It was a retrospective study of the HSG findings among infertile women at the infertility clinic of Aminu st st Kano Teaching Hospital between 1 January 2016 to 31 December 2017.Results: Majority of the patients had normal HSG findings (55.6%, n=124). The commonest abnormality was bilateral tubal blockage with or without hydrosalphinx (25.6%, n=57). Other abnormalities include right tubal blockage only (3.6%, n=8), left tubal blockage only (2.2%, n=5), right hydrosalphinx (13.5%, n=30), left hydrosalphinx (10.8%, n=24), intrauterine adhesions (6.7%, n=15), uterine fibroids (4%, n=9), pelvic adhesions (8.1%, n=18) and congenital uterine  anomalies (1.3%, n=3).Conclusion: The commonest abnormality on HSG among infertile patients at the gynaecology clinic was bilateral tubal blockage with or without hydrosalphinx which are usually infection related . Prompt diagnosis and treatment of sexually transmitted infections and other pelvic infections will therefore go a long way in preventing tubal damage and the dreaded sequelae of infertility.Keywords: Hysterosalpingography, Infertility, Kan

Laparoscopic salpingectomy and adhesiolysis for concomitant left-sided cornual ectopic gestation and adhesive partial intestinal obstruction: A case report.

Cornual gestation is one of the most hazardous types of ectopic gestation. It carries a significant challenge and a greater maternal mortality risk than ampullary ectopic pregnancy. The diagnosis and treatment are challenging and frequently constitute a medical emergency. Traditionally, the treatment of cornual pregnancy has been hysterectomy or cornual resection at laparotomy. However endoscopic approach is a viable option and consists of conservative techniques such as laparoscopic cornual resection, laparoscopic cornuostomy, laparoscopic salpingectomy or hysteroscopic removal of interstitial ectopic tissue. Case presentation: We report a case of a 28-year-old multipara who had an unruptured left cornual ectopic gestation with moderate pelvic adhesions and concomitant partial intestinal obstruction. She was managed via laparoscopic adhesiolysis and left total salpingectomy. Conclusions: Cornual pregnancy occurs rarely, there is a need for early and prompt diagnosis to prevent potentially fatal complications

Grey Based Taguchi Optimization Method for Abrasive Wear Appraisal of Fibre-Reinforced PTFE Composites

 The current study is aimed at optimizing the abrasive wear property of fibre reinforced polytetraflouroethylene (PTFE) composites. The test was contrived based on Taguchi L9 orthogonal array for the optimization of test trials. To appraise the abrasive wear trend of the PTFE based composites satisfying multi-objective criteria, Taguchi method combined with grey relational analysis (GRA) has been used. Abrasive wear test was performed using pin-on-disc configuration as per ASTM G99 standard involving four process parameters. Analysis of variance was used to establish significant parameters which influence the abrasive wear of PTFE composites. Observation revealed that grit size has the most significant effect on abrasive wear of reinforced PTFE composites. After exhaustive investigation of parameters, optimum combination of parameters was established. Linear regression model was built to predict the optimized conditions. The model as well as the optimum parameter values could be used by the abrasion industries for reduction in the time and cost expanded on wear test thus increasing productivity

Grey Based Taguchi Optimization Method for Abrasive Wear Appraisal of Fibre-Reinforced PTFE Composites

 The current study is aimed at optimizing the abrasive wear property of fibre reinforced polytetraflouroethylene (PTFE) composites. The test was contrived based on Taguchi L9 orthogonal array for the optimization of test trials. To appraise the abrasive wear trend of the PTFE based composites satisfying multi-objective criteria, Taguchi method combined with grey relational analysis (GRA) has been used. Abrasive wear test was performed using pin-on-disc configuration as per ASTM G99 standard involving four process parameters. Analysis of variance was used to establish significant parameters which influence the abrasive wear of PTFE composites. Observation revealed that grit size has the most significant effect on abrasive wear of reinforced PTFE composites. After exhaustive investigation of parameters, optimum combination of parameters was established. Linear regression model was built to predict the optimized conditions. The model as well as the optimum parameter values could be used by the abrasion industries for reduction in the time and cost expanded on wear test thus increasing productivity

Intra Arterial Heparin Flushing Increases Cereberal Blood Flow in Chronic Ischemic Stroke Patients

BACKGROUND: Recently, stroke therapy is focused on reperfusion therapies for restoring cerebral blood flow (CBF) and minimizing the undesired effects of neuron ischemia. However, the thrombolytic therapy to restore CBF was restricted with narrow time window. On other hands, not many patients can reach the treatment immediately after the onset of stroke. A wider time window therapy that might increase CBF would probably helpful. This study aims to investigate the CBF improvement after intra arterial heparin flushing (IAHF) therapy in chronic stroke patients.METHODS: A clinical trial was conducted with time sampling. We collected chronic ischemic stroke subjects (with stroke onset ≥30 days) within periods February-September 2015. We investigated CBF before and after IAHF treatment in 75 chronic stroke patients. The difference before and after IAHF treatment in subgroup which is classified with infarct size and lesion area was tested. CBF was measured using MRI Quality Arterial Spin Labeling (qASL) with region of interest around infarct lesion.RESULTS: We found a significant CBF improvement (p<0.001) around infarct area after IAHF treatment with average 10.39mL/100g/min raised. CBF improvement was found in lacunar infarct (p<0.001) and non lacunar (p<0.001), also in infarct in cortical (p<0.05), subcortical (p<0.001) and both area (p<0.05).CONCLUSION: IAHF is associated with increased CBF around infarct area and IAHF probably offers some benefit for chronic stroke

A Review on Required Catalysts Composition and its Effective Preparation Method for Hydrodeoxygenation of Bio-oil

The hydrodeoxygenation of bio-oil performance is dependent on the efficiency and effectiveness of the applied catalyst. The effectiveness of a catalyst in hydrodeoxygenation reaction heavily depends on its composition. In this review, an overview of hydrodeoxygenation catalyst composition and its effective preparation methods are highlighted and discussed. Various catalyst compositions such active metals,&nbsp; promoters, and catalyst supports used for hydrodeoxygenation of bio-oil to saturated hydrocarbon fuels are discussed. Furthermore,&nbsp; effective synthesis methods for nickel-based catalysts as well as factors that can enhance better distribution and dispersion of active nickel species over catalyst support at various developmental stages, i.e. during deposition, drying and activation (which involve calcination and reduction of catalysts synthesis) are discussed