FF-zips with additional structure on splitting models of Shimura varieties

We construct universal $G$-zips on good reductions of the Pappas-Rapoport splitting models for PEL-type Shimura varieties. We study the induced Ekedahl-Oort stratification, which sheds new light on the mod $p$ geometry of splitting models. Building on the work of Lan on arithmetic compatifications of splitting models, we further extend these constructions to smooth toroidal compactifications. Combined with the work of Goldring-Koskivirta on group theoretical Hasse invariants, we get an application to Galois representations associated to torsion classes in coherent cohomology in the ramified setting.Comment: 53 page

Rhodioloside inhibits apoptosis of hippocampal neurons exposed to sevoflurane via cAMP/PKA signaling pathway

Purpose: Neural injury affects patients after using inhalational anesthetics such as sevoflurane. Rhodioloside, a compound which is obtained from the Rhodiola rosea plant has been implicated to be the most commonly used psychostimulant that can improve a range of conditions. The study was aimed at finding the molecular mechanism underlying the Rhodioloside treatment of sevoflurane-injured hippocampal neurons.Methods: Main hippocampal neurons, secluded from Sprague Dawley embryonic rats were employed to create an injury model using 3 % sevoflurane. The sevoflurane-injured hippocampal neurons were treated with varying concentrations (10, 20, 40 and 80 μM/ml) of Rhodioloside to create different experimental groups: RHSD10+SEV, RHSD20+SEV, RHSD40+SEV, RHSD80+SEV, while untreated cells were considered as the Control group. Cell viability was identified using the CCK-8 assay. The CFSE assay was used to verify the promotion function of Rhodioloside on cell differentiation of neurons. FCM assay was employed to determine cell proliferation and apoptosis. Expression levels of apoptosisrelated factors, like Caspase-3, Bcl-2 and Bax were examined by RT-qPCR, while Western blot was used to measure phosphorylation of PKA.Results: Rhodioloside stimulated cell viability and prevented cell apoptosis in sevoflurane-injured hippocampal neurons in doses between 10-80 μM. The apoptosis-inhibitory effect of Rhodioloside was observed to be through cAMP/PKA pathway activation. Also, expression levels of Bcl-2, and PKA were enhanced and the level of Caspase-3 and Bax was reduced in a dose-dependent pattern. The PKA inhibitor reversed the above observation in the 40 μM Rhodioloside-treatment.Conclusion: Rhodioloside promoted cell viability and prevented apoptosis of primary hippocampal neurons injured by sevoflurane, through cAMP/PKA pathway activation. Inhibition of PKA network deteriorated the function of Rhodioloside by stimulating cell apoptosis. Our findings present a novel evidence that Rhodioloside could attenuate neurotoxicity of inhalational anesthetics. Keywords: Cell apoptosis, cAMP/PKA pathway, Hippocampal neurons, Rhodioloside, Sevofluran

Self-Assembly of Isostatic Self-Dual Colloidal Crystals

Self-dual structures whose dual counterparts are themselves possess unique hidden symmetry, beyond the description of classical spatial symmetry groups. Here we propose a strategy based on { a nematic monolayer of} attractive half-cylindrical colloids to self-assemble these exotic structures. { This system can be seen as a 2D system of semi-disks.} By using Monte Carlo simulations, we discover two isostatic self-dual crystals, i.e., an unreported crystal with pmg {space-group} symmetry and the twisted Kagome crystal. For the pmg crystal approaching the critical point, we find the double degeneracy of the {full} phononic spectrum at the self-dual point, and the merging of two tilted Weyl nodes into one \emph{critically-tilted} Dirac node. The latter is `accidentally' located on the high-symmetry line. The formation of this unconventional Dirac node is due to the emergence of the critical flat bands at the self-dual point, which are linear combinations of \emph{finite-frequency} floppy modes. These modes can be understood as mechanically-coupled self-dual rhomb chains vibrating in some unique uncoupled ways. Our work paves the way for designing and fabricating self-dual materials with exotic mechanical or phononic properties.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figure

Spatial distribution of NH2D in massive star-forming regions

To understand the relation between NH$_2$D and its physical environment, we mapped ortho-NH$_2$D $1_{11}^s-1_{01}^a$ at 85.9 GHz toward 24 Galactic late-stage massive star-forming regions with Institut de Radioastronomie Millim$\'e$trique (IRAM) 30-m telescope. Ortho-NH$_2$D $1_{11}^s-1_{01}^a$ was detected in 18 of 24 sources. Comparing with the distribution of H$^{13}$CN 1-0 as a dense gas tracer and radio recombination line H42$\alpha$, ortho-NH$_2$D $1_{11}^s-1_{01}^a$ present complex and diverse spatial distribution in these targets. 11 of the 18 targets, present a different distribution between ortho-NH$_2$D $1_{11}^s-1_{01}^a$ and H$^{13}$CN 1-0, while no significant difference between these two lines can be found in the other 7 sources, mainly due to limited spatial resolution and sensitivity. Moreover, with H42$\alpha$ tracing massive young stellar objects, ortho-NH$_2$D $1_{11}^s-1_{01}^a$ seems to show a relatively weak emission near the massive young stellar objects.Comment: 30 pages, 20 figures, 4 tables. Accepted to MNRA

Mapping Observations of Peptide-like molecules around Sagittarius B2

Peptide-like molecule, which has a close connection with the origin of life, has been detected in universe. Mapping observations of HCONH$_2$ and CH$_3$CONH$_2$, two simplest peptide-like molecules, are performed towards Sagittarius B2 (Sgr B2) complex with the IRAM 30m telescope. Seven transitions of HCONH$_2$ and five transitions of CH$_3$CONH$_2$ are used in analysis. The spatial distribution of excitation temperature and column density of HCONH$_2$ in the molecular envelope of Sgr B2 are obtained by the rotation diagrams. Assuming the same excitation temperature as HCONH$_2$, the column densities of CH$_3$CONH$_2$ are also calculated. The results show that excitation temperature ranges from 6 K to 46 K in the molecular envelope of Sgr B2. The abundance ratio between HCONH$_2$ and CH$_3$CONH$_2$ are calculated to explore the relationship among them, as well as HNCO mentioned in our pervious research. The abundance ratio of CH$_3$CONH$_2$/HCONH$_2$ varies from 10% to 20%, while that of HCONH$_2$/HNCO ranges from 1.5% to 10%. CH$_3$CONH$_2$ is enhanced with respect to HCONH$_2$ in the northwest region of Sgr B2. One transition of H$^{13}$CONH$_2$ is detected toward 12 positions of Sgr B2, from which a $^{12}$C/$^{13}$C ratio of 28.7 is obtained. A time-dependent chemical model with a short duration of X-ray burst is used to explain the observed abundances of HCONH$_2$ and CH$_3$CONH$_2$, with the best fitting result at T$\rm_{dust}$ = 53-56 K. More chemical reactions are required to be included into the model since the modeled abundance is lower than the observed one at the observed T$\rm_{dust}$

Scale Robust Deep Oriented-text Detection Network

Abstract(#br)Text detection is a prerequisite of text recognition, and multi-oriented text detection is a hot topic recently. The existing multi-oriented text detection methods fall short when facing two issues: 1) text scales change in a wide range, and 2) there exists the foreground-background class imbalance. In this paper, we propose a scale-robust deep multi-oriented text-detection model, which not only has the efficiency of the one-stage deep detection model, but also has the comparable accuracy of the two-stage deep text-detection model. We design the feature refining block to fuse multi-scale context features for the purpose of keeping text detection in a higher-resolution feature map. Moreover, in order to mitigate the foreground-background class imbalance, Focal Loss is adopted to up weight the hard-classified samples. Our method is implemented on four benchmark text datasets: ICDAR2013, ICDAR2015, COCO-Text and MSRA-TD500. The experimental results demonstrate that our method is superior to the existing one-stage deep text-detection models and comparable to the state-of-the-art text detection methods

Imaging Molecular Outflow in Massive Star-forming Regions with HNCO Lines

Protostellar outflows are considered a signpost of star formation. These outflows can cause shocks in the molecular gas and are typically traced by the line wings of certain molecules. HNCO (4--3) has been regarded as a shock tracer because of the high abundance in shocked regions. Here we present the first imaging results of HNCO (4--3) line wings toward nine sources in a sample of twenty three massive star-forming regions using the IRAM 30\,m telescope. We adopt the velocity range of the full width of HC$_{3}$N (10--9) and H$^{13}$CO$^+$ (1--0) emissions as the central emission values, beyond which the emission from HNCO (4--3) is considered to be from line wings. The spatial distributions of the red- and/or blue-lobes of HNCO (4--3) emission nicely associate with those lobes of HCO$^{+}$ (1--0) in most of the sources. High intensity ratios of HNCO (4--3) to HCO$^+$ (1--0) are obtained in the line wings. The derived column density ratios of HNCO to HCO$^+$ are consistent with those previously observed towards massive star-forming regions. These results provide direct evidence that HNCO could trace outflow in massive star-forming regions. This work also implies that the formation of some HNCO molecules is related to shock, either on the grain surface or within the shocked gas.Comment: 18 pages, 4 tables, 4 figures, and accepted for publication in Ap

Antioxidant and Perservation Effect of Aromatic Hydrosol and Its Application in Fresh-Cut Agaricus bisporus (Lange) Sing. Preservation

Polyphenol oxidase (PPO) is one of the most important factors affecting the browning of fresh-cut fruit and vegetable products. In this research, the effect of aromatic hydrosol on the activity of PPO and its biological antioxidant effect were studied. Aromatic hydrosol extracted from 12 kinds of aromatic plants by steam distillation all inhibited the activity of PPO. Eight of the 12 aromatic hydrosols had a significant scavenging effect on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2’-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical cation, and 2-phenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-3-oxide-1-oxyl (PTIO) radicals. Total antioxidant capacity assay showed that they had strong antioxidant activity. Analysis by electronic nose and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) showed that terpenoids and aromatic compounds were the major volatile components of aromatic hydrosol. The efficacy of aromatic hydrosol was evaluated in preserving the quality of fresh-cut mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus). The results showed that compared with the control group, the PPO activity in mushrooms treated with aromatic hydrosol was inhibited, and the increase in browning index (BI) was delayed. In addition, total phenol content, hardness, mass loss and total microbial load were effectively controlled. These results indicate that aromatic hydrosol treatment has a positive effect on maintaining the quality of fresh-cut mushrooms

Field-free spin-orbit torque switching enabled by interlayer Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction

Perpendicularly magnetized structures that are switchable using a spin current under field-free conditions can potentially be applied in spin-orbit torque magnetic random-access memory(SOT-MRAM).Several structures have been developed;however,new structures with a simple stack structure and MRAM compatibility are urgently needed.Herein,a typical structure in a perpendicular spin-transfer torque MRAM,the Pt/Co multilayer and its synthetic antiferromagnetic counterpart with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy, was observed to possess an intrinsic interlayer chiral interaction between neighboring magnetic layers,namely the interlayer Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI) effect. Furthermore, using a current parallel to the eigenvector of the interlayer DMI, we switched the perpendicular magnetization of both structures without a magnetic field, owing to the additional symmetry-breaking introduced by the interlayer DMI. This SOT switching scheme realized in the Pt/Co multilayer and its synthetic antiferromagnet structure may open a new avenue toward practical perpendicular SOT-MRAM and other SOT devices