Inventarisasi Predator Hama Helopeltis Spp. (Hemiptera: Miridae) Pada Tanaman Kakao (Theobroma Cacao L.) Di Kecamatan Palolo Kabupaten Sigi

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menginventarisasi jenis-jenis predator hama Helopeltis spp. pada tanaman kakao (Theobroma cacao). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Februari hingga April 2013, pada perkebunan kakao rakyat di Desa Sejahtera Kecamatan Palolo Kabupaten Sigi. Metode penilitian dilakukan dengan survei dan dua cara yakni, dilakukan secara langsung di lokasi survei, dengan mengamati predator yang ditemukan sedang memangsa hama Helopeltis spp., pengamatan dilakukan terhadap perilaku dan kemampuan dalam menanggapi mangsanya, dan juga secara sengaja diberikan mangsanya pada jaring jenis laba-laba. Pengamatan selanjutnya dilakukan dengan menggumpulkan predator dari lokasi penelitian dengan menggunakan plastik Bening dan kuas. Sampel yang terkumpul dibawa ke Laboratorium Untad untuk dilakukan pengamatan perilaku dan kemampuan dalam menanggapi mangsanya dan selanjutnya predator tersebut diidentifikasi berdasarkan ciri morfologinya dengan menggunakan mikroskop binokuler. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa selama pengamatan berlangsung (4kali pengamatan), didapatkan 5 spesies predator hama Helopeltis spp. pada pertanaman kakao, yakni Oecophylla smaragdina, Gastercantha spp., Leucauge venusta, Cycloneda spp., dan Forticula auricularia. Dari kelima spesies tersebut yang paling berpotensi dalam menangani mangsanya yakni Oecophylla smaragdina dan disusul spesies predator lainnya. Kelima spesies predator tersebut memiliki perilaku dan kemampuan yang berbeda dalam menanggapi mangsanya

Bio-polishing sludge adsorbents for dye removal

The objective of this work is to evaluate the removal of methylene blue dye by bio-polishing sludge-based adsorbents. The adsorbents were characterized according to the specific surface area, pH upon the treatment and surface functional groups. The adsorption of dye was carried out at room temperature, and the adsorption data were analyzed using the isotherm and kinetics models. The bio-polishing sludge is rich in ash content, and the presence of surface functional groups varied with the treatment strategies. The specific surface area of adsorbents is between 7.25 and 20.8 m2/g. Results show that the maximum removal of methylene blue by sludge adsorbents was observed to have the following order: untreated sludge (SR) > zinc chloride-treated (SZ) > microwave-dried (SW) = potassium carbonate-treated (SK) > acid-washed (SH). The maximum adsorption capacities for SR and SZ as predicted by the Langmuir model are 170 and 135 mg/g, respectively. Although SR demonstrates a higher maximum removal than SZ, the latter exhibits greater removal intensity and rate constant even at high dye concentration. The bio-polishing sludge is a promising adsorbent for dye wastewater treatment

The Development Of High Temperature Recirculating Pump (HTRP) For Energy Savings In An Incinerator.

Tremendous increase ingeneration of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) has become a major concern for the Malaysian government as the country experiencing rapid development. It was estimated about 16000 tones/day MSW is produced at national level and in Kuala Lumpur alone about 2500 tones/day

Analisis Transformator Flyback Sebagai Pembangkit Tegangan Tinggi Untuk Pesawat Sinar-x Medik

Hingga saat ini peralatan medik seperti pesawat sinar-X untuk diagnostik di Indonesia masih merupakan peralatan produk bangsa asing lebih-lebih yang penggunaannya mobile. Pada pesawat sinar-x untuk expose sinar-Xnya mesti memerlukan suplai tegangan tinggi. Untuk pesawat sinar-x yang portabel seperti untuk rongent gigi tegangan itu kisarannya 20 s/d 80 kV. Untuk membangkitkan tegangan setinggi itu bila menggunakan transformator konvesional akan memakan tempat dan bobot yang besar, sementara alat-alat yang portabel tentu tidak bisa demikian. Dalam penelitian ini, telah dilakukan pembuatan rangkaian pembangkit tegangan tinggi dengan berbasis transformator flyback dimana dengan transformator ini menjadikan volume dan bobot alat jauh lebih kecil sehingga memungkinkan untuk dibuat portabel. Metode penaikan tegangan dengan mengkonversi tegangan listrik DC menjadi tegangan listrik berpulsa dengan frekuensi tinggi. Tegangan rendah dengan frekuensi tinggi ini sebagai inputan primer transformator flyback, outpunya tegangan tinggi DC didapatkan dari output transformator tersebut, karena di dalam transformator telah dipasang dioda peneyearah di bagian sekundernya. Dari variasi frekuensi pada frekuensi 3,9 kHz tegangan output tertinggi 72 kV bila dibandingkkan dengan tegangan tembus udara, pada pengukuran dengan probe 45 kV dan dengan metoda hukum Ohm 43,2 kV serta pada frekuensi yang sama elektrode dipisah sejarak 2 cm terjadi aliran arus 10 mA

Development of an inhibitive enzyme assay for copper

In this work the development of an inhibitive assay for copper using the molybdenum-reducing enzyme assay is presented. The enzyme is assayed using 12-molybdophosphoric acid at pH 5.0 as an electron acceptor substrate and NADH as the electron donor substrate. The enzyme converts the yellowish solution into a deep blue solution. The assay is based on the ability of copper to inhibit the molybdenum-reducing enzyme from the molybdate-reducing Serratia sp. Strain DRY5. Other heavy metals tested did not inhibit the enzyme at 10 mg l(-1). The best model with high regression coefficient to measure copper inhibition is one-phase binding. The calculated IC50 (concentration causing 50% inhibition) is 0.099 mg l(-1) and the regression coefficient is 0.98. The comparative LC50, EC50 and IC50 data for copper in different toxicity tests show that the IC50 value for copper in this study is lower than those for immobilized urease, bromelain, Rainbow trout, R. meliloti, Baker's Yeast dehydrogenase activity Spirillum volutans, P. fluorescens, Aeromonas hydrophilia and synthetic activated sludge assays. However the IC50 value is higher than those for Ulva pertusa and papain assays, but within the reported range for Daphnia magna and Microtox assays

MPEG-4 video transmission using distributed TDMA MAC protocol over IEEE 802.15.4 wireless technology

The issues of green technology nowadays give an inspiration to the researcher to make all the future design to be energy efficient. Medium Access Control (MAC) layer is the most effective layer to provide energy efficient due to its ability to control the physical radio directly. One of the important applications in the future is a video transmission that can be transmitted with low-cost and low power consumption. MPEG-4 is one of the international standards for moving video. MPEG-4 provide better compression and primarily design at low bit rate communication. In order to achieve good quality for video application, the design at MAC layer must be strong. Therefore, to increase the performance of the MPEG-4 in IEEE 802.15.4, in this paper we propose a cross layer design between MAC layer and Application layer. A priority queue will be implemented at MAC scheduling depends on the level of frame important in MPEG-4 format frame. A distributed Time division Multiple Access (TDMA) will be used for MAC protocol to provide reliable data transmission for high priority frame

Halalnet: A Deep Neural Network That Classifies the Halalness of Slaughtered Chicken from Their Images

Halal requirement in food is important for millions of Muslims worldwide especially for meat and chicken products, insuring that slaughter houses adhere to this requirement is a challenging task to do manually. In this paper a method is proposed that uses a camera that takes images of slaughtered chicken on the conveyor in a slaughter house, the images are then analyzed by a deep neural network to classify if the image is of a halal slaughtered chicken or not. However, traditional deep learning models require large amounts of data to train on, which in this case these amounts of data were challenging to collect especially the images of non-halal slaughtered chicken, hence this paper shows how the use of one shot learning (Lake, Brenden, Salakhutdinov, Ruslan, Gross & Jas, 2011) and transfer learning (Yosinski, Clune, Bengio & Lipson, 2014) can reach high accuracy on the few amounts of data that were available. The architecture used is based on the Siamese neural networks architecture which ranks the similarity between two inputs (Koch, Zemel & Salakhutdinov, 2015) while using the Xception network (Chollet, 2017) as the twin networks. We call it HalalNet. This work was done as part of SYCUT (syriah compliant slaughtering system) which is a monitoring system that monitors the halalness of the slaughtered chicken in a slaughter house. The data used to train and validate HalalNet was collected from the Azain slaughtering site (Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia) containing images of both halal and non-halal slaughtered chicken

Ujian ricih terus permukaan satah ketakselanjaran granit (Direct shear test of granite discontinuity plane surfaces)

Parameter kekuatan ricih seperti sudut geseran permukaan ketakselanjaran batuan merupakan antara data penting bagi reka bentuk struktur kejuruteraan batuan seperti pengorekan bawah tanah dan cerun potongan. Ujian ricih terus beban normal tetap telah dilakukan pada permukaan buatan potongan gergaji batuan granit segar dan terluluhawa sedikit untuk menentukan sudut geseran asas permukaan satah ketakselanjaran. Sampel granit diperoleh dari Kuari Kajang Rock, Semenyih, Ulu Langat, Selangor, Lebuhraya Silk Kajang (km 14.6), Selangor, Jalan Pos Selim-Kampung Raja (km 30-29), Cameron Highland, Pahang/Perak dan Kuari JKR Bukit Penggorak, Kuantan, Pahang. Sebanyak 84 ujian ricih terus telah dijalankan pada batuan granit iaitu 65 ujian pada batuan segar dan 19 ujian pada batuan terluluhawa sedikit. Untuk batuan granit segar, sudut geseran asas ialah 42° ± 0.6° dengan sisihan piawai sebanyak 2.26 dan pekali penentuan, R2 sebanyak 0.98. Untuk granit terluluhawa sedikit, sudut geseran asas ialah 38° ± 1.9° dengan sisihan piawai sebanyak 3.99 dan pekali penentuan, R2 sebanyak 0.97. Nilai-nilai ini adalah lebih tinggi daripada nilai yang selalu dianggap untuk batuan granit segar iaitu 30°-35°

Pengendalian Persediaan Untuk Mengurangi Biaya Total Persediaan Dengan Pendekatan Metode Periodic Review (R,s,S) Power Approximation Pada Suku Cadang Consumable (Studi Kasus : Job Pertamina Talisman Jambi Merang)

Spare parts is one of the production support components which plays an important role for the survivalof gas production in the gas processing facility owned by SKN JOB Pertamina Talisman Jambi Merang. Thehigh inventory level increased the high inventory cost for the industry which get the benefit from the efficiencyof processes and resources. This research involved consumable spare parts for Solar Turbine engine as muchas 25 SKUs with demand character patterned lumpy demand and Poisson distribution. The implementationof policies using Periodic Review (R, s, S) with Power Approximation approach in the inventory systemcapable to generate a lower total cost inventory by pressing the backorder volume, the booking volume and theinventory levels in a balanced manner. Calculation of Periodic Review (R, s, S) with Power Approximationapproach resulted inventory parameter which was able to press the total cost of inventory at 8.54% lower andincrease the service level by 1.11%

Rheological and resistance properties of magnetorheological elastomer with cobalt for sensor application

Cobalt particles have been introduced as a filler due to the advantages of embedding their magnetic and electrical properties in magnetorheological elastomer (MRE). In the present research, the rheology and resistance of MRE are experimentally evaluated. Isotropic and anisotropic MRE samples containing silicone rubber and cobalt particles were fabricated. The magnetic properties of MRE are conducted using a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The morphological aspects of MRE are observed by using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and characterized by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Rheological properties under various magnetic field strengths were measured for the magnetic field, strain amplitude, and frequency sweep test by using a parallel-plate rheometer. Subsequently, the resistance of MRE is tested under different applied forces and magnetic fields. The MRE storage modulus depicted an enhancement in field-dependent modulus across all the applied magnetic fields. The electrical resistance generated from the sample can be manipulated by external magnetic fields and mechanical loads. The conductivity of MRE is due to the existence of cobalt arrangements observed by FESEM. By introducing cobalt as filler and obtaining satisfactory results, the study might open new avenues for cobalt to be used as filler in MRE fabrication for future sensing applications