司馬光「心」学考 -王安石「性命之理」学との対立から-

早大学位記番号:新8517早稲田大

ゴヨウ ブンセキ ヲ トリ イレタ 「 ブンポウ ウチ アワセ 」 ノ ココロミ - ニホンジン キョウシ ト マレーシア ジン キョウシ ノ トクセイ ヲ イカシ マナビ アウ キョウシ ケンシュウ -

マレーシアのマラヤ大学予備教育部日本留学特別コース日本語科1年次担当者は授業に生かすことを目的に学習者が産出する誤用を2002年度中級学習時に収集し、2003年度中級学習時の授業前の「文法打ち合わせ」において誤用分析の検討を試みた。その結果、期待された目的を果たしただけでなく、誤用分析を通して、外国人教師と日本人教師がお互いの利点を生かして学び合い、協力体制を構築するという期待以上の成果が得られた。これは熟練者が新人を、日本人教師が外国人教師を指導するという従来の教師研修ではなく、日本語母語話者教師として、非母語話者教師、学習者と同じ母語を有する教師として、それぞれの役割を果たしながら成長し合う、日本人教師と外国人教師が共に働く職場ならではの研修となった。この実践を海外における望ましい教師研修のあり方の一つとして紹介する。During session 2002/2003, teachers of Japanese Language at Ambang Asuhan Jepun, University of Malaya have consolidated an effort to collect samples of ungrammatical sentences made by Intermediate Level students. These samples are reproduced for error analysis during the weekly pre-class preparatory discussion. The driving force behind this concerted discussion is to improve teaching through a close analysis of student weaknesses. Not only have we achieved this purpose, we have also observed that in these meetings, both the Japanese and Malaysian teachers have established a conducive atmosphere which draws on one another’s strength to foster effective teaching experience. Enclosed is an exercise introduced to facilitate effective Japanese language teacher training. It is an approach which differs from the conventional methods; whereby non-native teachers are taught by native teachers. It is hoped that this new approach will pave the way toward an ideal means for the training of teachers overseas

Changes in electrophysiological findings of spinal muscular atrophy type I after the administration of nusinersen and onasemnogene abeparvovec: two case reports

Abstract Background Recently, there have been significant advances in the treatment of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). Although clinical improvement in patients with SMA after the treatment has been reported, changes in electrophysiological findings, especially needle electromyography (EMG), have rarely been reported. Herein, we report the posttreatment changes in EMG and nerve conduction study findings over time in two patients with SMA type I. Case presentation Patient 1: A 2.5-year-old girl was diagnosed with SMA type I at 1 month of age. She received nusinersen four times and onasemnogene abeparvovec (OA) was administered at 6 months of age. The compound muscle action potential (CMAP) amplitudes of the median and tibial nerves increased over time. The needle EMG after the treatment showed high-amplitude motor unit potentials (MUPs) suggestive of reinnervation during voluntary contraction, which were not seen before the treatment. However, fibrillation potentials at rest were still seen after the treatment. Patient 2: A 2-year-old girl was diagnosed with SMA type I at 6 months of age. She had received nusinersen two times and OA was administered at 7 months of age. The CMAP amplitudes and the MUPs presented similar changes as presented in Case 1. Conclusion This is the first report on the changes in needle EMG findings after treatment in patients with SMA type I. These findings suggested that peripheral nerve reinnervation occurred after the treatment, although active denervation was still present. The accumulation of these findings will be important for evaluating the effectiveness of treatment for SMA in the future

How to Help Acehnese Helping Themselves? : A Note after a Visit with Kobe University Medical Team

On December 26, Aceh Province in Indonesia was hit by the worst earthquake and tsunami. A medical team from Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine visited two of the affected areas on the eastern coast of Aceh: Sigli and Lhokseumawe. This article provides a simple description of experience and assessment derived from the visit. The disaster has left Indonesia with complex problems, which will take a long time to overcome. A continuity of the aid and assistance from various resources is crucial to help Indonesia rebuilt the affected areas. These continuous efforts will provide great contribution for Acehnese people to recover and rebuild their life after tsunami