Mutations in Influenza A Virus (H5N1) and Possible Limited Spread, Turkey, 2006

We report mutations in influenza A virus (H5N1) strains associated with 2 outbreaks in Turkey. Four novel amino acid changes (Q447L, N556K, and R46K in RNA polymerase and S133A in hemagglutinin) were detected in virus isolates from 2 siblings who died

Genetic trends of body weight and some scanning traits of Karayaka lambs

WOS: 000456658700004This investigation was conducted to estimate the breeding values and genetic trends for body weight (BW), scanning fat depth (SFD) and scanning muscle depth (SMD) of Karayaka lambs (n= 1059) at 140 +/- 3.36 day of age. Experiments were conducted in a nucleus flock of Karayaka sheep under a selective breeding program to increase productivity at research farm of Gaziosmanpasa University between the years 2006 - 2011. Breeding values were estimated with ASREML software. While genetic trend for BW and SMD showed a smooth ascending trend, SFD exhibited a descending trend throughout the experimental period. The genetic trend for BW, SFD and SMD of Karayaka lambs were observed as 0.433 kg / year, 0.00686 mm / year and 0.00786 mm / year, respectively. The results showed that applying of a selection program on BW, SMD and SFD characteristics would increase BW and SMD values and decrease SFD value in Karayaka lambs.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey "TUBITAK"Turkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK) [104O329]; General Directorate of Agricultural Research and Policy of Turkey [60KYK2005-01]The authors wish to thank The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey "TUBITAK" (Project number: 104O329) and General Directorate of Agricultural Research and Policy of Turkey (Project number: 60KYK2005-01) for their financial support for the present research

Estimates of genetic parameters for different body weights and muscle and fat depths of Karayaka lambs

WOS: 000368558800006In the current paper the direct additive and maternal genetic effects on birth, weaning (at 90 days of age), and scanning (at 20 weeks of age) weights and muscle and fat depths of the ribeye area in Karayaka lambs were investigated. Analyses were carried out by the restricted maximum likelihood approach, fitting 6 animal models with various combinations of direct and maternal effects. The best model was chosen after testing for improvement in the log-likelihood values. Direct heritability (h(d)(2)) for all traits decreased when maternal genetic effects were included in the models. The maternal heritability (h(m)(2)) ranged from 0.15 to 0.22 for birth weight, from 0.04 to 0.14 for weaning weight, and from 0.08 to 0.16 for scanning weight. The effects of h(m)(2) on muscle depth and fat depth of the ribeye area were not considered due to their insignificance. The permanent environmental effect of the dam was significant for birth, weaning, and scanning weights. Moderate negative genetic correlations (r(am)) between the direct and maternal genetic effects were observed, which were significant for birth (-0.179 and -0.221), weaning (-0.310 and -0.415), and scanning (-0.116 and -0.141) weights. As a result, h(d)(2) and h(m)(2) can be used as selection criteria for birth, weaning, and scanning weights in Karayaka lambs

The relationship between muscle fiber characteristics and some meat quality parameters in Turkish native sheep breeds

WOS: 000402217900008This research was conducted to determine muscle fiber characteristics and its relationship with some meat quality traits in Longissimus dorsi (LD) and Semitendinosus (ST) muscles from lambs of some Turkish native sheep breeds. A total of 36 singleton male lambs were used as experimental pure breed animals of Karayaka (n = 6), Kivircik (n = 6), Middle Anatolian Merino (n = 6), Awassi (n = 6), Morkaraman (n = 6) and Akkaraman (n = 6) breeds. All experimental animals were fed the same diet until they reach to a target weight of 40 kg weight. After the feeding period all lambs were slaughtered and LD and ST muscle samples were collected for determination of some meat quality traits (tenderness, pH, water holding capacity, and colour) and ATPase staining of muscle fibers. Type IIB muscle fiber numbers of Morkaraman sheep were higher than those of other breeds in LD muscle (P < 0.05). Awassi lambs had higher number of (P < 0.05) type IIA fibers and total fiber numbers in ST muscle compared to other breeds. Diameter of type I muscle fiber of ST muscle from Kivircik lambs was higher than those of other breeds (P < 0.05). There were positive correlations between diameters of type I (r = 0.513; P<0.05), type ILIA (r = 0.476; P < 0.05) and tenderness in LD and ST muscles of all breeds. Results of the present study showed that muscle fiber characteristics of lambs of different Turkish native sheep breeds differ and muscle fiber characteristics influence some meat quality traits. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.TAGEMGida Tarim Ve Hayvancilik Bakanligi [TAGEM/10/AR-GE/13]The authors acknowledge the financial support by TAGEM (TAGEM/10/AR-GE/13) to carry out this study

The relationship between muscle fiber characteristics and some meat quality parameters in Turkish native sheep breeds

WOS: 000402217900008This research was conducted to determine muscle fiber characteristics and its relationship with some meat quality traits in Longissimus dorsi (LD) and Semitendinosus (ST) muscles from lambs of some Turkish native sheep breeds. A total of 36 singleton male lambs were used as experimental pure breed animals of Karayaka (n = 6), Kivircik (n = 6), Middle Anatolian Merino (n = 6), Awassi (n = 6), Morkaraman (n = 6) and Akkaraman (n = 6) breeds. All experimental animals were fed the same diet until they reach to a target weight of 40 kg weight. After the feeding period all lambs were slaughtered and LD and ST muscle samples were collected for determination of some meat quality traits (tenderness, pH, water holding capacity, and colour) and ATPase staining of muscle fibers. Type IIB muscle fiber numbers of Morkaraman sheep were higher than those of other breeds in LD muscle (P < 0.05). Awassi lambs had higher number of (P < 0.05) type IIA fibers and total fiber numbers in ST muscle compared to other breeds. Diameter of type I muscle fiber of ST muscle from Kivircik lambs was higher than those of other breeds (P < 0.05). There were positive correlations between diameters of type I (r = 0.513; P<0.05), type ILIA (r = 0.476; P < 0.05) and tenderness in LD and ST muscles of all breeds. Results of the present study showed that muscle fiber characteristics of lambs of different Turkish native sheep breeds differ and muscle fiber characteristics influence some meat quality traits. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.TAGEMGida Tarim Ve Hayvancilik Bakanligi [TAGEM/10/AR-GE/13]The authors acknowledge the financial support by TAGEM (TAGEM/10/AR-GE/13) to carry out this study

Murat production characteristics of Turkish native breeds: II. meat quality, fatty acid, and cholesterol profile of lambs

WOS: 000457421800001The study conducted a comparison of meat quality, fatty acid profile, and cholesterol amounts of longissimus dorsi (LD) and semitendinosus (ST) muscles of male lambs born to Turkish indigenous sheep breeds raised under intensive conditions. A total of 36 singleton male lambs were used as experimental animals of the Akkaraman (A), Morkaraman (M), Awassi (IW), Karayaka (KR), Kivircik (KV), and Middle Anatolian Merino (MAM) pure breeds. All lambs were fed the same diet until they reached a target weight of 40 kg weight. After the feeding period, all lambs were slaughtered and LD and ST muscle samples were collected to determine meat quality traits, fatty acid profile, and cholesterol amounts. Although there were no significant differences between lambs in terms of the fatty acid profile of LD and ST muscles, KR lambs had a higher cholesterol content in both muscles in comparison with the lambs born to other breeds (p < 0.05). While water-holding capacity, dripping loss, pH, color, dry matter, ash, and intramuscular fat values of ST muscles showed differences among breeds (p < 0.05), dripping loss, pH, cooking loss, color, dry matter, ash, protein, and intramuscular fat values of LD muscles differed between breeds (p < 0.05). The data of the current study indicated that meat quality characteristics and cholesterol contents of Turkish indigenous breeds showed differences, and these differences may be used for alternative lamb meat production for the consumer.General Directorate of Agricultural Researches and Policies of TurkeyGida Tarim Ve Hayvancilik Bakanligi [TAGEM 10/AR-GE/13]The authors wish to thank the General Directorate of Agricultural Researches and Policies of Turkey (project no: TAGEM 10/AR-GE/13) for their financial support for the present research

Turkish coffee effect on postcaesarean section bowel motility

To investigate the effect of coffee consumption on bowel motility on postcaesarean patients. This study is designed as a prospective randomized trial. Patients who are operated between dates June 2017-July 2017 are assessed for eligibility. We included patients who are operated under elective conditions. Leading exclusion criterias were; emergency caesarean section , patients diagnosed with inflammatory bowel disease, chronic constipation, irritable bowel syndrome and who had previous bowel or endometriosis surgery. Simple randomization scheme is used. Patients allocated to intervention group drank 65 cc Turkish coffee at postoperative 4 th and 12 th hour; control group patients drank warm water starting from postoperative 4th hour. Time to first flatus, presence of stool passage and nausea, vomiting are questioned and recorded. Sixty five patients&apos; data was available for final analysis. General characteristics of control and intervention group patients were similar regarding mean age, body mass index (BMI), operation time, type of anesthesia , postoperative analgesic requirement . Mean time to first flatus was 17.7±6.1 and 13.0±5.7 hours respectively for control and intervention group (p:0.004). Number of patients whose stool passage assured before discharge were 7 (22.6%) in control and 3 (8.8%) in intervention group (p:0.174). There was not any patient who had nausea and vomiting in both groups. Postoperative coffee consumption is a cheap, attainable and safe practice that can be utilized to expedite gastrointestinal motillity during postcaesarean period. [Med-Science 2022; 11(2.000): 651-5