Efficient D2D Discovery Scheme for Channel Measurement of Interference Alignment

Device-to-device (D2D) communications have the potential to improve spectrum efficiency and link capacity by allowing nearby devices to communicate directly with each other on the licensed frequency bands. Hence, co-channel interference (CCI) among D2D users are major issues to be solved when they are utilizing the same frequency bands. Consequently, interference alignment (IA) as an effective interference management approach has been implemented to the D2D communications for the frequency sharing. However, the measurement of channel state information (CSI) between transmitter and receiver of a D2D pair and cross-channel state information (C-CSI) among D2D pairs are the major issues that need to be resolved for the implementation of IA from theory to practical. Therefore, in this paper, we propose an effective D2D discovery scheme to overcome this problem, which can measure the CSI and C-CSI based on the transmission of discovery messages. Simulation results show that, under perfect conditions, even though the proposed D2D discovery scheme increases the needed time slots to establish D2D communications compared with the conventional D2D discovery without considering IA by 6.2%, it increases the throughput up to 50% than the conventional D2D communications without considering IA, i.e., it improves the spectrum efficiency.

Adaptive Resource Allocation Algorithm in Wireless Access Network

Wireless network state varies with the surrounding environment, however, the existing resource allocation algorithm cannot adapt to the varying network state, which results to the underutilization of frequency and power resource. Therefore, in this paper, we propose an adaptive resource allocation algorithm which can efficiently adapt to the varying network state by building an optimal mathematical model and then changing the weighted value of the objective function. Furthermore, the optimal allocation of subcarrier and power is derived by using the Lagrange dual decomposition and the subgradient method. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can adaptively allocate the resource to the users according to the varying user density which represents the network state

Accelerating Development of Renewable Energy Resources in Guangdong

Abstract: The energy status and trend of Guangdong Province have been evaluated from 1980-2009 in this paper, which maybe is one of the most populated and prosperous areas in China. Based on the analysis of energy system for Guangdong, an integrated optimal energy system model has been established in order to promote renewable energy utilization in large-scale and support provincial sustainable development, and case study of a district of 18km 2 area shows that with the current technologic and economic condition, renewables goal of realizing 10% of total energy consumption is possible in Guangdong. Case selected was very common, which can be a model of cycle-economic and ecological district in Guangdong, even China

A new and facile co-modification by introducing oxygen vacancies and loading Ag nanoparticles to promote the photocatalytic activities of Bi 2 WO 6

Abstract(#br)A new and facile co-modification by introducing oxygen vacancies and loading Ag nanoparticles to largely promote the visible-light-driven photocatalytic activities of Bi 2 WO 6 semiconductor photocatalyst has been studied. Bi 2 WO 6 (BWO) flower-like micro-spheres were prepared by a hydrothermal method. Oxygen vacancies (OV) were introduced by a hydrogen reduction method and the concentration of OV was controlled by the heat treatment temperature under H 2 atmosphere. After OV modification, Ag nanoparticles were loaded on the BWO micro-sphere surface by a photo-reduction method and the Ag loaded content was controlled by the concentration of AgNO 3 solution. Results of visible-light-driven photocatalytic characterizations show that photocatalytic reaction rate constants of OV introduced modified type (BWO@OV) and Ag loaded modified type (BWO@Ag) increase by 1.47 and 1.67 times, respectively, comparing with BWO. Moreover, the reaction rate constant of co-modified type (OV@BWO@Ag) reaches as high as 2.53 times. Introducing OV into BWO enhances the separation of photo-generated electron/hole pairs, and the co-modification by both introducing OV and loading Ag nanoparticles has a synergy promotion effect on photocatalytic activity, which is believed to be a new technical route to enhance semiconductor photocatalytic properties

A dimeric Smac/ diablo peptide directly relieves caspase-3 inhibition by XIAP. Dynamic and cooperative regulation of XIAP by Smac/Diablo

Caspase activation, the executing event of apoptosis, is under deliberate regulation. IAP proteins inhibit caspase activity, whereas Smac/Diablo antagonizes IAP. XIAP, a ubiquitous IAP, can inhibit both caspase-9, the initiator caspase of the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway, and the downstream effector caspases, caspase-3 and caspase-7. Smac neutralizes XIAP inhibition of caspase-9 by competing for binding of the BIR3 domain of XIAP with caspase-9, whereas how Smac liberates effector caspases from XIAP inhibition is not clear. It is generally believed that binding of Smac with IAP generates a steric hindrance that prevents XIAP from inhibiting effector caspases, and therefore small molecule mimics of Smac are not able to reverse inhibition of the effector caspases. Surprisingly, we show here that binding of a dimeric Smac N-terminal peptide with the BIR2 domain of XIAP effectively antagonizes inhibition of caspase-3 by XIAP. Further, we defined the dynamic and cooperative interaction of Smac with XIAP: binding of Smac with the BIR3 domain anchors the subsequent binding of Smac with the BIR2 domain, which in turn attenuates the caspase-3 inhibitory function of XIAP. We also show that XIAP homotrimerizes via its C-terminal Ring domain, making its inhibitory activity toward caspase-3 more susceptible to Smac

Effect of Aged Wuyi Rock Tea on Relieving Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis and Regulating the Gut Microbiota in Mice

This research was performed in order to investigate the alleviative effect of aged Wuyi rock tea on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice. Fifty C57BL/6JGpt female mice were randomly and equally divided into five groups: control, DSS, DSS + infusion of 20-year-old Wuyi rock tea (DSS + OT01), DSS + infusion of 10-year-old Wuyi rock tea (DSS + OT11) and DSS + infusion of fresh Wuyi rock tea (DSS + OT20). The physiological and histopathological conditions of mice after Wuyi rock tea interventions, and the changes of serum inflammatory factors and cecal microbiota were analyzed. The results showed that aged Wuyi rock tea could significantly alleviate the symptoms of body mass loss, diarrhea, bloody stool, and colon length shortening, reduce inflammatory cell infiltration, and significantly inhibit the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. In addition, aged Wuyi rock tea could alleviate the disorder of the gut microbiota, significantly down-regulate the relative abundance of Proteobacteria, Enterobacteriaceae and Escherichia, and up-regulate the relative abundance of Verrucomicrobia and Akkermansia. In summary, aged Wuyi rock tea can alleviate DSS-induced colitis in mice, and the tea produced in 2011 is more effective than that produced in 2001, which may be due to proper oxidation of catechins such as epigallocatechin gallate to produce thearubigins, with better anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. In addition, aged Wuyi rock tea is able to maintain intestinal homeostasis by regulating the relative abundance of Escherichia and Akkermansia in the intestine, which in turn alleviates the symptoms of DSS-induced colitis in mice such as body mass loss, diarrhea, bloody stool, colon length shortening, mucosal and crypt damage, inflammatory cell infiltration, and serum inflammatory factor overexpression