The processes of inflammation and fibrosis in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

The aim of the study was to determine the categories of COPD patients with a predominance of fibrotic or inflammatory processes. The study included 37 stable COPD patients (men – 33 (89.2%), women – 4 (10.8%), mean age – 63.5±1.18 years, the level of forced expiratory volume for the first second after the test with bronchodilators (FEV1post) – 46.7±5.81% of the proper value). To determine the categories of COPD patients with a predominance of inflammation or fibrosis, a cluster analysis was performed. For this purpose the most important indicators from a clinical point of view were selected: the number of exacerbations over the past year, dyspnea severity according to the mMRC scale, the level of FEV1 post and reversibility level in absolute values, systemic inflammation markers levels (CAA, C-RP) and profibrotic cytokine TGF-β1. Thus, according to the results of cluster analysis, two categories of patients were identified. The first category – COPD patients with a predominance of the inflammatory process with low dyspnea severity, high functional indicators (FEV1 >50% of the proper value), high airway reversibility level, low level of profibrotic cytokine TGF-β1, high levels of systematic inflammation markers (C-RP and CAA). The second category – COPD patients with a predominance of the fibrosis process, with a high dyspnea severity, low functional indicators (FEV1 ≤50% of the proper value), low airway reversibility level, low levels of systematic inflammation markers (C-RP and CAA), and high profibrotic cytokine TGF-β1 levels. The prevalence of inflammatory processes was observed mainly in COPD patients, who belong to clinical group C; the prevalence of fibrotic processes – mainly in patients of clinical group B

Influence of γ-irradiation on kinetic effects in indium-alloyed cadmium antimonide single crystals

Influence of γ-irradiation on the kinetic parameters of indium-alloyed cadmium antimonide single crystals has been studied. The conductivity and the Hall effect were measured, thus obtaining the dose and temperature dependences for concentration of charge carriers and their mobility. A sharp increase of charge carrier mobility has been found in the crystals irradiated at the doses up to 4•10¹⁸ γ-quanta per сm², which is explained by the presence of the "small dose effect ". It is noted that the increase of charge carrier mobility observed in this work is due not to the crystal ordering increase caused by the irradiation but to a decrease in the efficiency of charge carrier dispersion on ionic residues of the impurity during partial charge neutralization by the oppositely charged defects

High-statistics measurement of Collins and Sivers asymmetries for transversely polarised deuterons

New results are presented on a high-statistics measurement of Collins and Sivers asymmetries of charged hadrons produced in deep inelastic scattering of muons on a transversely polarised $^6$LiD target. The data were taken in 2022 with the COMPASS spectrometer using the 160 \gevv muon beam at CERN, balancing the existing data on transversely polarised proton targets. The first results from about two-thirds of the new data have total uncertainties smaller by up to a factor of three compared to the previous deuteron measurements. Using all the COMPASS proton and deuteron results, both the transversity and the Sivers distribution functions of the $u$ and $d$ quark, as well as the tensor charge in the measured $x$-range are extracted. In particular, the accuracy of the $d$ quark results is significantly improved

Triangle Singularity as the Origin of the a1(1420)

International audienceThe COMPASS Collaboration experiment recently discovered a new isovector resonancelike signal with axial-vector quantum numbers, the a1(1420), decaying to f0(980)π. With a mass too close to and a width smaller than the axial-vector ground state a1(1260), it was immediately interpreted as a new light exotic meson, similar to the X, Y, Z states in the hidden-charm sector. We show that a resonancelike signal fully matching the experimental data is produced by the decay of the a1(1260) resonance into K*(→Kπ)K¯ and subsequent rescattering through a triangle singularity into the coupled f0(980)π channel. The amplitude for this process is calculated using a new approach based on dispersion relations. The triangle-singularity model is fitted to the partial-wave data of the COMPASS experiment. Despite having fewer parameters, this fit shows a slightly better quality than the one using a resonance hypothesis and thus eliminates the need for an additional resonance in order to describe the data. We thereby demonstrate for the first time in the light-meson sector that a resonancelike structure in the experimental data can be described by rescattering through a triangle singularity, providing evidence for a genuine three-body effect