97 research outputs found
Pair-Breaking in Rotating Fermi Gases
We study the pair-breaking effect of rotation on a cold Fermi gas in the
BCS-BEC crossover region. In the framework of BCS theory, which is supposed to
be qualitatively correct at zero temperature, we find that in a trap rotating
around a symmetry axis, three regions have to be distinguished: (A) a region
near the rotational axis where the superfluid stays at rest and where no pairs
are broken, (B) a region where the pairs are progressively broken with
increasing distance from the rotational axis, resulting in an increasing
rotational current, and (C) a normal-fluid region where all pairs are broken
and which rotates like a rigid body. Due to region B, density and current do
not exhibit any discontinuities.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures; v2: discussion clarified, typos corrected, one
reference adde
Separable Structure of Many-Body Ground-State Wave Function
We have investigated a general structure of the ground-state wave function
for the Schr\"odinger equation for identical interacting particles (bosons
or fermions) confined in a harmonic anisotropic trap in the limit of large .
It is shown that the ground-state wave function can be written in a separable
form. As an example of its applications, this form is used to obtain the
ground-state wave function describing collective dynamics for trapped
bosons interacting via contact forces.Comment: J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 33 (2000) (accepted for publication
Magnetic and transport properties of rare-earth-based half-Heusler phases RPdBi: prospective systems for topological quantum phenomena
RPdBi (R = Er, Ho, Gd, Dy, Y, Nd) compounds were studied by means of x-ray
diffraction, magnetic susceptibility, electrical resistivity,
magnetoresistivity, thermoelectric power and Hall effect measurements,
performed in the temperature range 1.5-300 K and in magnetic fields up to 12 T.
These ternaries, except diamagnetic YPdBi, exhibit localized magnetism of
ions, and order antiferromagnetically at low temperatures ( =
2-13 K). The transport measurements revealed behavior characteristic of
semimetals or narrow-band semiconductors. Both, electrons and holes contribute
to the conductivity with dominant role of p-type carriers. The Hall effect of
ErPdBi is strongly temperature and magnetic field dependent, reflecting complex
character of the underlying electronic structures with multiple electron and
hole bands. RPdBi, and especially DyPdBi, exhibit very good thermoelectric
properties with a power factor coefficient ranging from 6 to 20
WcmK.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figures; Accepted to Physical Review B (June 17, 2011
Inertial parameters and superfluid-to-normal phase transition in superdeformed bands
The quasiclassically exact solution for the second inertial parameter is found in self-consistent way. It is shown that superdeformation and
nonuniform pairing arising from the rotation induced pair density significantly
reduce this inertial parameter. The different limiting cases for ,
which allow to study an interplay between rapid rotation, pairing correlations,
and mean field deformation, are considered. The new signature for the
transition from pairing to normal phase is suggested in terms of the variation
of versus spin. Experimental data indicate the existence of
such transition in the three superdeformed mass regions.Comment: 8 pages, LaTeX, 3 figure
Electronic structure of SrPt_4Ge_{12}: a combined photoelectron spectroscopy and band structure study
We present a combined study of the electronic structure of the
superconducting skutterudite derivative SrPt4Ge12 by means of X-ray
photoelectron spectroscopy and full potential band structure calculations
including an analysis of the chemical bonding. We establish that the states at
the Fermi level originate predominantly from the Ge 4p electrons and that the
Pt 5d shell is effectively full. We find excellent agreement between the
measured and the calculated valence band spectra, thereby validating that band
structure calculations in combination with photoelectron spectroscopy can
provide a solid basis for the modeling of superconductivity in the compounds
MPt4Ge12 (M = Sr, Ba, La, Pr) series
Impact of temperature and mode polarization on the acoustic phonon range in complex crystalline phases: A case study on intermetallic clathrates
The low and weakly temperature-varying lattice thermal conductivity, κL (T), in crystals with a complex unit
cell such as type-I clathrates is assumed to originate from a reduced momentum and energy space available for
propagative lattice vibrations, which is caused by the occurrence of low-energy optical phonon modes. In the
context of ab initio self-consistent phonon (SCP) theory, it has been shown that the cubic and quartic anharmonic
interactions result in a temperature-induced energy renormalization of these low-lying optical branches which
contributes to the anomalous behavior of κL (T) in structurally ordered type-I clathrates [T. Tadano and S.
Tsuneyuki, Phys. Rev. Lett. 120, 105901 (2018)]. By means of inelastic neutron scattering, we provide evidence
for this energy renormalization in temperature, which has been resolved for transversely and longitudinally
polarized phonons in the single crystal type-I clathrate Ba7.81Ge40.67Au5.33. By mapping the neutron intensity
in the momentum space, we demonstrate the coherent character of the low-lying optical phonons. The overall
phonon spectrum and dynamical structure factors are satisfactorily reproduced by ab initio harmonic calculations
using density functional theory with the meta-GGA SCAN functional and a fully ordered structure. However, a
polarization-dependent cutoff energy with opposing temperature shifts for longitudinal and transverse acoustic
dispersions is experimentally observed which is not reproduced by the simulations. Anharmonicity affects the
energies of the low-lying optical phonons in the transverse polarization, which compares quantitatively well with
available results from SCP theory, whereas differences are observed for the longitudinal polarizatio
Superfluid to normal phase transition and extreme regularity of superdeformed bands
We derive the exact semiclassical expression for the second inertial
parameter for the superfluid and normal phases. Interpolation between
these limiting values shows that the function changes sign at the
spin , which is critical for a rotational spectrum. The quantity
turns out to be a sensitive measure of the change in static pairing
correlations. The superfluid-to-normal transition reveals itself in the
specific variation of the ratio versus spin with the
plateau characteristic of the normal phase. We find this dependence to be
universal for normal deformed and superdeformed bands. The long plateau with a
small value explains the extreme regularity of
superdeformed bands.Comment: 30 pages in LaTeX, 6 figures (PostScript). To be published in
Yadernaya Fizika (Physics of Atomic Nuclei), special edition dedecated to the
90th birthday of Prof. I. I. Gurevit
Giant penile melanoma
Primary penile melanoma is an extremely rare casuistic pathology associated with a poor prognosis. The article presents a clinical case of massive lesion of the penis with malignant melanoma, and discusses surgical methods for treating this pathology
Современные подходы к таргетной биопсии предстательной железы
Prostate cancer (PCa) is in second place in oncological morbidity in males and is the fifth leading cause of death among the world's population. According to current world statistics, over the past 20 years there has been an increase in primary morbidity, as well as mortality from PCa. The key to diagnosing PCa is a prostate biopsy. Nevertheless, a systemic biopsy under transrectal ultrasound control is the subject of discussion and debate in oncourology, as it has significant drawbacks that affect the qualitative result of the diagnosis of PCa. Given the importance of adequate and staged PCa, various methods of targeted biopsy under magnetic resonance control have been proposed.This review will examine the main features and significance of targeted prostate biopsy, as well as the role of magnetic resonance imaging in the early diagnosis of PCa. The method of targeted biopsy of the prostate gland can improve the detection of PCa in relation to clinically significant forms. In addition, this method is extremely promising and requires further study to further improve the quality of early diagnosis of PCa, especially when selecting patients for radical surgical treatment.Рак предстательной железы (РПЖ) занимает 2-е место в структуре онкологической заболеваемости мужчин и 5-е место среди причин смерти населения в мире. Согласно данным мировой статистики в течение последних 20 лет отмечается рост первичной заболеваемости РПЖ, а также смертности от него. Основным методом диагностики РПЖ является биопсия предстательной железы. Тем не менее системная биопсия под трансректальным ультразвуковым контролем остается предметом дискуссии в онкоурологии, так как имеет значимые недостатки, которые влияют на качественный результат диагностики РПЖ. С учетом важности стадирования данного заболевания были предложены различные способы прицельной биопсии под магнитно-резонансным контролем.В настоящем обзоре рассмотрены основные особенности и значимость таргетной биопсии предстательной железы, а также роль магнитно-резонансной томографии в ранней диагностике РПЖ. Таргетная биопсия предстательной железы позволяет улучшить показатели выявления РПЖ в отношении клинически значимых форм. Данный способ является крайне перспективным и требует дальнейшего изучения для дальнейшего повышения качества ранней диагностики РПЖ, особенно при отборе пациентов для радикального хирургического лечения
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