An X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy study of the products of the interaction of gaseous IrF6 with fine UO2F2

Nuclear fuel reprocessing by fluorination, a dry method of regeneration of spent nuclear fuel, uses UO2F2 for the separation of plutonium from gaseous mixtures. Since plutonium requires special treatment, IrF6 was used as a thermodynamic model of PuF6. The model reaction of the interaction of gaseous IrF6 with fine UO2F2 in the sorption column revealed a change of color of the sorption column contents from pale-yellow to gray and black, indicating the formation of products of such an interaction. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy study showed that the interaction of gaseous IrF6 with fine UO2F2 at 125 °C results in the formation of stable iridium compounds where the iridium oxidation state is close to Ir3+. The dependence of the elemental compositions of the layers in the sorption column on the penetration depth of IrF6 was established

Some results of test beam studies of Transition Radiation Detector prototypes at CERN

Operating conditions and challenging demands of present and future accelerator experiments result in new requirements on detector systems. There are many ongoing activities aimed to develop new technologies and to improve the properties of detectors based on existing technologies. Our work is dedicated to development of Transition Radiation Detectors (TRD) suitable for different applications. In this paper results obtained in beam tests at SPS accelerator at CERN with the TRD prototype based on straw technology are presented. TRD performance was studied as a function of thickness of the transition radiation radiator and working gas mixture pressure

Лапароскопически-ассистированное устранение послеоперационного осложения чрескожной эндоскопической гастростомии

Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) is widely used in a group of patients with dysphagia syndrome who require nutritional support with enteral nutrition. In the above observation, a severe complication of PEG is secondary non-circumscribed serous-purulent peritonitis, which developed in connection with the failure of PEG, against the background of cachexia, hypoproteinemia and hypercatabolism. The operation of choice was video laparoscopic surgery, revision and sanitation of the abdominal cavity was performed. The main stage of the operation was gastropexy (the stomach wall to the parietal peritoneum) with three vicryl sutures, which made it possible to seal the gastrostomy area. Чрескожная эндоскопическая гастростомия (ЧЭГ) получила широкое применение в группе пациентов с синдромом дисфагии и требующих нутриционной поддержки энтеральным питанием. В приведенном наблюдении тяжелое осложнение ЧЭГ — вторичный неотграниченный серозногнойный перитонит, развившийся в связи с несостоятельностью ЧЭГ, на фоне кахексии, гипопротеинемии и явлений гиперкатаболизма. Операцией выбора стала видеолапароскопическая операция, в ходе которой была выполнена ревизия и санация брюшной полости. Основным этапом операции стала гастропексия (стенки желудка к париетальной брюшине) тремя викриловыми швами, что позволило герметизировать область гастростомы.

Редкое наблюдение эндоскопического транслюминального дренирования зон панкреатогенной деструкции при инфицированном некротизирующем панкреатите

Necrotizing forms of acute pancreatitis, as the most severe in terms of prognosis, occur in 25–30% of cases with a mortality rate of 27–32%, while in most cases these are adults of working age, which emphasizes the social significance of this problem. This article presents a rare observation of endoscopic intraluminal drainage of zones of pancreatogenic destruction in severe necrotizing pancreatitis. The multidisciplinary individual approach we have chosen makes it possible to treat this group of patients most effectively, which confirms the presented clinical observation.Некротизирующие формы острого панкреатита, как наиболее тяжелые в прогностическом плане, встречаются в 25–30% случаев с летальностью 27–32%, при этом в большинстве случаев это лица взрослого трудоспособного возраста, что подчеркивает социальную значимость данной проблемы. В данной статье представлено редкое наблюдение эндоскопического внутрипросветного дренирования зон панкреатогенной деструкции при тяжелой форме некротизирующего панкреатита. Выбранный мультидисциплинарный индивидуальный подход позволяет наиболее эффективно лечить данную группу пациентов, что подтверждает представленное клиническое наблюдение

Identification of particles with Lorentz factor up to 10410^{4} with Transition Radiation Detectors based on micro-strip silicon detectors

This work is dedicated to the study of a technique for hadron identification in the TeV momentum range, based on the simultaneous measurement of the energies and of the emission angles of the Transition Radiation (TR) X-rays with respect to the radiating particles. A detector setup has been built and tested with particles in a wide range of Lorentz factors (from about $10^3$ to about $4 \times 10^4$ crossing different types of radiators. The measured double-differential (in energy and angle) spectra of the TR photons are in a reasonably good agreement with TR simulation predictions.Comment: 31 pages, 12 figures, paper published on Nuclear Instruments & Methods

A concept of the transition radiation detector for a hadron separation in a forward direction of the LHC experiments

Studying of hadron production in forward direction at the LHC energy has a great interest both for understanding of the fundamental QCD processes and also in applied areas such as the description of ultra-high energy cosmic particle interactions. The energies of secondary hadrons in such studies almost reach the maximum energy available at the LHC of ∼6 TeV, which corresponds to a Lorentz γ-factor up to 104 and above. The only effective technique able to identify particles in this range is based on the transition radiation detectors (TRD). Prototypes of such kind of detector were built and tested at the CERN SPS accelerator. Some experimental results obtained in these tests are briefly presented here and compared with Monte Carlo (MC) simulations. MC model demonstrates a good agreement with the experiment. On this basis a concept of a full-scale TRD optimized for the hadron identification in the TeV energy region is proposed. Different particle identification techniques were considered and examined. The expected detector performance to reconstruct secondary hadrons produced in forward direction at the LHC is presented

Clinical and immunological efficacy of immunotherapeutic program after surgical treatment of children with various forms of acute peritonitis

Acute peritonitis (AP) is among the most frequent and severe conditions in pediatric abdominal surgery. Due to development of antibiotic resistance and increasing number of atypical infectious and inflammatory diseases (IIDs), a lot of specialists suggest combined treatments for these patients which should include not only surgical and etiotropic approaches, as well as therapy aimed at correction of functional defects of immunity. Neutrophilic granulocytes (NGs) reepresent a unique population of cells of primary anti-infectious immune response. Functional NG defects in pediatric AP play a leading role in development, prevalence, severity of peritoneal inflammation, and response to the therapy. Special role is given to functionally significant NG subsets responsible for triggering and implementation of phagocytosis and microbicidal properties of NG in purulent lesions and inflammatory process in children. There is an urgent need for development of new approaches to targeted immunomodulatory therapy in order to correct the NG dysfunction. The aim of the present study was to arrange the programs of immunomodulatory therapy after surgical treatment of immunocompromised children with various forms of acute peritonitis followed by subsequent evaluation of its clinical and immunological efficacy. The study included 12 immunocompromised children aged 5-12 years with different clinical course of acute peritonitis. The study group 1 included patients with local nonrestricted AP; study group 2 involved children with diffuse AP. The comparison groups consisted of 6 children who received standard therapy, i.e., clinical comparison groups 1 and 2, matched for sex, age and diagnosis. A control group consisted of 18 conditionally healthy children at similar age. Clinical examination included collection of the patient’s history, complaints, objective examination and clinical course assessment of the underlying disease. Immunological study included determination of receptor, phagocytic and microbicidal activity of NCs; assessment of NC subpopulations by their numbers and phenotype using flow cytometry, i.e., the cells co-expressing CD64, CD16, CD32, CD11b, with testing density of these membrane receptors by the MFI approach. Targeted immunomodulatory therapy programs were applied for treatment of children with unrestricted local and diffuse AP, taking into account clinical features of AP, as well as changes in number and phenotype of NC subpopulations, and impairment of their effector function. The standards of postsurgical treatment in the children with various forms of AP included different courses of treatment with Imunofan (Hexapeptide – arginyl-alpha-aspartyl-lysyl-valyl-tyrosyl-arginine; HP) using different schedules and duration. We have shown high clinical and immunological efficiency of these therapeutic programs. Thus, reversal of adequate NG functioning was observed, including positive rearrangements of negatively transformed functional NG subpopulations. In this respect, a positive clinical effect was noted in children with atypical AP with various clinical courses, i.e., absence of postsurgical complications, rapid regression of intoxication signs, normalization of body temperature, reduced volume of antibiotic therapy and shorter hospitalization terms

Test beam studies of possibilities to separate particles with gamma factors above 10\u3csup\u3e3\u3c/sup\u3e with straw based Transition Radiation Detector

Measurements of hadron production in the TeV energy range are one of the tasks of the future studies at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The main goal of these experiments is a study of the fundamental QCD processes at this energy range, which is very important not only for probing of the Standard Model but also for ultrahigh-energy cosmic particle physics. One of the key elements of these experiments measurements are hadron identification. The only detector technology which has a potential ability to separate hadrons in this energy range is Transition Radiation Detector (TRD) technology. TRD prototype based on straw proportional chambers combined with a specially assembled radiator has been tested at the CERN SPS accelerator beam. The test beam results and comparison with detailed Monte Carlo simulations are presented here

Транспапиллярная панкреатоскопия в условиях скоропомощного стационара

Endoscopic pancreatoscopy is a highly informative method for visualizing the pancreatic ducts, which allows them to be accurately diagnosed and treated in a minimally invasive way. The SpyGlass direct imaging system is currently the most widely used device. Specially designed endoscopes and smaller diameter instruments allow direct visualization of the bile and pancreatic ducts to be performed. In this article, the first clinical case of successful direct visualization with SpyGlass is reported, which was conducted in the SBHI N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine in a patient with chronic calcifying pancreatitis complicated by wirsungolithiasis.Эндоскопическая панкреатоскопия — высокоинформативный метод визуализации протоков поджелудочной железы, позволяющий точно диагностировать и лечить их малоинвазивными способами. Система прямой визуализации SpyGlass в настоящее время является наиболее широко используемым устройством. Специально разработанные эндоскопы и инструменты меньшего диаметра позволяют осуществлять прямую визуализацию жёлчных и панкреатических протоков. В данной статье первое клиническое наблюдение успешного применения системы прямой визуализации SpyGlass в НИИ скорой помощи им. Н.В. Склифосовского у пациента с хроническим кальцифицирующим панкреатитом осложненный вирсунголитиазом

A facility to Search for Hidden Particles (SHiP) at the CERN SPS

A new general purpose fixed target facility is proposed at the CERN SPS accelerator which is aimed at exploring the domain of hidden particles and make measurements with tau neutrinos. Hidden particles are predicted by a large number of models beyond the Standard Model. The high intensity of the SPS 400~GeV beam allows probing a wide variety of models containing light long-lived exotic particles with masses below ${\cal O}$(10)~GeV/c$^2$, including very weakly interacting low-energy SUSY states. The experimental programme of the proposed facility is capable of being extended in the future, e.g. to include direct searches for Dark Matter and Lepton Flavour Violation.Comment: Technical Proposa