Dual circuit radio frequency identification system of animals

У роботі проаналізовано вплив технічних і біологічних факторів на ефективність роботи систем радіоідентифікації великої рогатої худоби при використанні рідерів з рамковими антенами. Встановлено, що у таких системах достовірність читання кодів транспондерів у значній мірі залежить від відстані і взаємоорієнтації антен транспондерів і рідерів. Для підвищення достовірності читання кодів транспондерів запропоновано використовувати конструктив проходу тварин у якості двоконтурної просторової антени, що індуктивно пов'язана з антеною рідера.This is analyzed the influence of technical and biological factors on the performance of radioidentification systems of cattle by using readers with loop antennas. It is found that the reliability of of reading transponders codes largely depends on the distance and interaction orientation of antennas and transponder readers. To improve the reliability of reading the transponder codes is suggested to use the constructive passage of animals as a twodimensional antenna which inductively is connected with the antenna reade

Возможности комбинированной бронхофонографии в диагностике пневмоний

The method of combined bronchophonography (BPG), which provides sound selection of air and structural voice conduction to a chest wall, was applied in 74 patients with bacterial pneumonia. A control group involved 55 healthy subjects. All the persons underwent the BPG 2 to 3 times at intervals. The results were compared with clinical and radiological findings. A pneumonic focus situated corresponding to radiological and physical data was detected in 69 pneumonia patients (the sensitivity was 0.93). The acoustic focus revealed had a reinforced structural sound conduction and a weaken air sound conduction, was placed asymmetrically and disappeared over time according to the patient’s recovering. False positive results were obtained in 3 controls (the specificity was 0.94). Therefore, the BPG can be used as an additional objective method for the diagnostics of pneumonia and monitoring the dynamics of a pneumonic focus.Методом комбинированной бронхофонографии (К БФ Г), обеспечивающей разделение звуков воздушного и структурного проведения голоса на грудную стенку, обследованы 74 больных с бактериальной пневмонией. Контрольную группу составили 55 здоровых лиц. Всем обследованным К Б Ф Г проводили в динамике 2-3 раза, результаты сопоставляли с клинико-рентгенологическими данными. Пневмонический очаг, соответствующий по локализации рентгенологическим и физикальным данным, диагностирован у 69 больных пневмонией (чувствительность 0,93). Выявленный акустический очаг характеризовался усилением структурного и ослаблением воздушного звукопроведения в нем, асимметричностью расположения и исчезновением в динамике параллельно выздоровлению больного. Ложноположительный результат в контрольной группе получен у 3 человек (специфичность 0,94). Таким образом, К Б Ф Г может быть использован в качестве дополнительного объективного метода для диагностики пневмоний и динамического мониторинга изменений в пневмоническом очаге

Immunobiological properties of inactivated anti-highly pathogenic avian influenza vaccines based on antigens of А/Н5N1 avian influenza virus strains of different virulence

Antigen of H5N1 low pathogenic avian influenza virus Yamal strain included in the inactivated emulsion vaccine is able to induce strong immunity against highly pathogenic avian influenza in chickens. Inactivated emulsion vaccines based on antigen of H5N1 low pathogenic avian influenza virus Yamal strain and antigen of H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus А/chicken/Primorsky/85/08 strain are capable of inducing dose-dependent cross immunity against current Н5N1 and H5N8 highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses. Thus, inoculation dose of H5N1 low pathogenic avian influenza virus Yamal strain antigen required for pro­tection of 95% of chickens against H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus А/chicken/Primorsky/85/08 strain and against H5N8 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus A/duck/KChR/1590-20/20 in the vaccine inoculation volume shall be at least 609 HAU and 255 HAU, respectively. The inoculation dose of H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus А/chicken/Primorsky/85/08 strain antigen for protection from H5N8 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus A/duck/KChR/1590-20/20 strain shall be at least 294 HAU. Protective effect of the tested inactivated vaccines was associated with humoral immunity level in poultry. Predicted titre of antibodies to homologous virus antigens conferring expected 95% protection of vaccinated poultry was 1:538 or 9.1 log2. Inactivated vaccine based on H5N1 low pathogenic avian influenza virus Yamal strain antigen demonstrates its high immunogenicity in chickens infected with Н5N1 and Н5N8 highly pathogenic avian influenza influenza virus

Баланс льда в Северном Ледовитом океане в 1979–2019 гг. (по данным моделирования)

The results of numerical experiments on the model of joint water and ice circulation for the period from September 1979 to December 2019, aimed at studying the interannual variability of the ice balance in the Arctic Ocean, are considered. The results obtained made it possible to analyze the geographical features of the processes of ice formation and melting in the Arctic Ocean and to identify key areas that determine the volume of ice in the ocean. It is established that the main quantity of ice is formed in waters of the Siberian seas, and the most intense melting occurs in the North European Basin, where the ice transported by the Transpolar Current through the Fram Strait enters the relatively warm water of the Greenland Sea, heated by the North Atlantic Current. The formation of the absolute minimum of ice coverage in 2012 was promoted by the anomalous position of the anticyclonic hydrological cycle – much closer to the Canadian coast. This resulted in the fact that only a small part of the ice formed in the Siberian seas was involved into a weakened circulation, while most of the ice in the stream of the Transpolar Current was transported through the Fram Strait to the Greenland Sea. Statistical analysis of the results of numerical experiments demonstrated that the trend towards a decrease in the volume of ice in the Arctic Ocean is primarily determined by the global warming, and dynamic forcing exerts significant effect on local extremes.Для исследования изменчивости баланса льда Северного Ледовитого океана использовалась модель совместной циркуляции вод и льдов. Результаты специальных численных экспериментов для периода с сентября 1979 г. по декабрь 2019 г. позволили установить некоторые географические особенности процессов образования и таяния льда. Статистический анализ результатов показал, что тренд на уменьшение объёма льда в Северном Ледовитом океане определяется в первую очередь глобальным потеплением, а на локальные экстремумы сильное влияние оказывает динамический форсинг

МЕТОДЫ РАСЧЕТА ОПТИМАЛЬНЫХ НАСТРОЕК СИСТЕМ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ ПО КАНАЛУ ВОЗМУЩЕНИЯ

In the process of automatic control system debugging the great attention is paid to determining formulas’ parameters of optimal dynamic adjustment of regulators, taking into account the dynamics of Objects control. In most cases the known formulas are oriented on design of automatic control system through channel “input-output definition”. But practically in all continuous processes the main task of all regulators is stabilization of output parameters. The Methods of parameters calculation for dynamic adjustment of regulations were developed. These methods allow to optimize the analog and digital regulators, taking into account minimization of regulated influences. There were suggested to use the fact of detuning and maximum value of regulated influence. As the automatic control system optimization with proportional plus reset controllers on disturbance channel is an unimodal task, the main algorithm of optimization is realized by Hooke – Jeeves method. For controllers optimization through channel external disturbance there were obtained functional dependences of parameters calculations of dynamic proportional plus reset controllers from dynamic characteristics of Object control. The obtained dependences allow to improve the work of controllers (regulators) of automatic control on external disturbance channel and so it allows to improve the quality of regulation of transient processes. Calculation formulas provide high accuracy and convenience in usage. In suggested method there are no nomographs and this fact expels subjectivity of investigation in determination of parameters of dynamic adjustment of proportional plus reset controllers. Functional dependences can be used for calculation of adjustment of PR controllers in a great range of change of dynamic characteristics of Objects control.В процессе наладки систем автоматического управления обычно отдают предпочтение элементарным формулам определения параметров оптимальной динамической настройки регуляторов, учитывающим динамику объектов управления. В большинстве случаев известные формулы ориентированы на расчет систем автоматического управления по каналу «задание – выход». Однако практически для всех непрерывных процессов основной задачей регуляторов является стабилизация выходных параметров на заданных значениях.Разработана методика расчета параметров динамических настроек регуляторов, учитывающая динамику крайнего внешнего возмущения. Данная методика позволяет оптимизировать аналоговые и цифровые регуляторы с учетом минимизации регулирующих воздействий. При этом для оптимизации регуляторов предлагается использовать функционал, учитывающий рассогласование и максимальную величину регулирующего воздействия. Так как оптимизация системы автоматического управления с ПИ-регулятором по каналу возмущения является унимодальной задачей, то основной алгоритм оптимизации реализован по методу Хука – Дживса. Для оптимизации регуляторов по каналу внешнего возмущения получены функциональные зависимости расчета параметров динамической настройки ПИ-регулятора от динамических свойств объекта управления. В отличие от существующих методов полученные зависимости позволяют оптимизировать регуляторы автоматического управления по каналу внешнего возмущения как с учетом динамических характеристик объекта управления по каналу регулирующего воздействия, так и по динамическим характеристикам канала крайнего внешнего возмущения, что, несомненно, улучшает качество регулирования переходных процессов. Расчетные формулы обеспечивают высокую точность и удобны для практического использования. В предложенном методе отсутствуют графические номограммы, что исключает субъективность исследователя при определении параметров динамической настройки ПИ-регуляторов. Функциональные зависимости могут применяться для расчета настройки ПИ-регуляторов в широком диапазоне изменения динамических свойств объектов управления

Electron transport, penetration depth and upper critical magnetic field of ZrB12 and MgB2

We report on the synthesis and measurements of the temperature dependence of resistivity, R(T), the penetration depth, l(T), and upper critical magnetic field, Hc2(T), for polycrystalline samples of dodecaboride ZrB12 and diboride MgB2. We conclude that ZrB12 as well as MgB2 behave like simple metals in the normal state with usual Bloch-Gruneisen temperature dependence of resistivity and with rather low resistive Debye temperature, TR=280 K, for ZrB12 (as compared to MgB2 with TR=900 K). The R(T) and l(T) dependencies of ZrB12 reveal a superconducting transition at Tc=6.0 K. Although a clear exponential l(T)dependence in MgB2 thin films and ceramic pellets was observed at low temperatures, this dependence was almost linear for ZrB12 below Tc/2. These features indicate s-wave pairing state in MgB2, whereas a d-wave pairing state is possible in ZrB12. A fit to the data gives a reduced energy gap 2D(0)/kTc=1.6 for MgB2 films and pellets, in good agreement with published data for 3D \pi - sheets of the Fermi surface. Contrary to conventional theories we found a linear temperature dependence of Hc2(T) for ZrB12 (Hc2(0)=0.15 T).Comment: 8 pages, 10 figures, submitted to JET

Algbrodynamics over complex space and phase extension of the Minkowski geometry

First principles should predetermine physical geometry and dynamics both together. In the "algebrodynamics" they follow solely from the properties of the biquaternion algebra \B and the analysis over \B. We briefly present the algebrodynamics on the Minkowski background based on a nonlinear generalization to \B of the Cauchi-Riemann analyticity conditions. Further, we consider the effective real geometry uniquely resulting from the structure of multiplication in \B which turns out to be of the Minkowski type, with an additional phase invariant. Then we pass to study the primordial dynamics that takes place in the complex \B space and brings into consideration a number of remarkable structures: an ensemble of identical correlated matter pre-elements ("duplicons"), caustic-like signals (interaction carriers), a concept of random complex time resulting in irreversibility of physical time at a macrolevel, etc. In partucular, the concept of "dimerous electron" naturally arises in the framework of complex algebrodynamics and, together with the above-mentioned phase invariant, allows for a novel approach to explanation of quantum interference phenomena alternative to the recently accepted paradigm of wave-particle dualism.Comment: 14 pages, twocolum

Centrality and transverse momentum dependence of elliptic flow of multi-strange hadrons and ϕ\phi meson in Au+Au collisions at sNN\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 200 GeV

We present high precision measurements of elliptic flow near midrapidity ($|y|<1.0$) for multi-strange hadrons and $\phi$ meson as a function of centrality and transverse momentum in Au+Au collisions at center of mass energy $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=$ 200 GeV. We observe that the transverse momentum dependence of $\phi$ and $\Omega$ $v_{2}$ is similar to that of $\pi$ and $p$, respectively, which may indicate that the heavier strange quark flows as strongly as the lighter up and down quarks. This observation constitutes a clear piece of evidence for the development of partonic collectivity in heavy-ion collisions at the top RHIC energy. Number of constituent quark scaling is found to hold within statistical uncertainty for both 0-30$\%$ and 30-80$\%$ collision centrality. There is an indication of the breakdown of previously observed mass ordering between $\phi$ and proton $v_{2}$ at low transverse momentum in the 0-30$\%$ centrality range, possibly indicating late hadronic interactions affecting the proton $v_{2}$.Comment: 7 pages and 4 figures, Accepted for publication in Physical Review Letter

Observation of charge asymmetry dependence of pion elliptic flow and the possible chiral magnetic wave in heavy-ion collisions

We present measurements of $\pi^-$ and $\pi^+$ elliptic flow, $v_2$, at midrapidity in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{\rm NN}}} =$ 200, 62.4, 39, 27, 19.6, 11.5 and 7.7 GeV, as a function of event-by-event charge asymmetry, $A_{ch}$, based on data from the STAR experiment at RHIC. We find that $\pi^-$ ($\pi^+$) elliptic flow linearly increases (decreases) with charge asymmetry for most centrality bins at $\sqrt{s_{_{\rm NN}}} = \text{27 GeV}$ and higher. At $\sqrt{s_{_{\rm NN}}} = \text{200 GeV}$, the slope of the difference of $v_2$ between $\pi^-$ and $\pi^+$ as a function of $A_{ch}$ exhibits a centrality dependence, which is qualitatively similar to calculations that incorporate a chiral magnetic wave effect. Similar centrality dependence is also observed at lower energies.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figure