19,804 research outputs found
Longitudinal/Goldstone boson equivalence and phenomenology of probing the electroweak symmetry breaking
We formulate the equivalence between the longitudinal weak-boson and the
Goldstone boson as a criterion for sensitively probing the electroweak symmetry
breaking mechanism and develop a precise power counting rule for chiral
Lagrangian formulated electroweak theories. With these we semi-quatitatively
analyze the sensitivities to various effective operators related to
electrowaeak symmetry breaking via weak-boson scatterings at the CERN Large
Hadron Collider (LHC).Comment: 6 pages, LaTex, 1 postscript figure included using psfig.te
Sensitivity of the LHC to Electroweak Symmetry Breaking: Equivalence Theorem as a Criterion
Based upon our recent study on the intrinsic connection between the
longitudinal weak-boson scatterings and probing the electroweak symmetry
breaking (EWSB) mechanism, we reveal the profound physical content of the
Equivalence Theorem (ET) as being able to discriminate physical processes which
are sensitive/insensitive to probing the EWSB sector. With this physical
content of the ET as a criterion, we analyze the complete set of the bosonic
operators in the electroweak chiral Lagrangian and systematically classify the
sensitivities to probing all these operators at the CERN LHC via the weak-boson
fusion in channel. This is achieved by developing a precise power
counting rule (a generalization from Weinberg's counting method) to {\it
separately} count the power dependences on the energy and all relevant mass
scales.Comment: 33 pages, LaTeX, 10 figures and Table-1b are in the separate file
figtab.uu. (The only change made from the previous version is to fix the bugs
in the uuencoded file.
Efficient calculation of the robustness measure R for complex networks
In a recent work, Schneider et al. (2011) proposed a new measure R for network robustness, where the value of R is calculated within the entire process of malicious node attacks. In this paper, we present an approach to improve the calculation efficiency of R, in which a computationally efficient robustness measure R' is introduced when the fraction of failed nodes reaches to a critical threshold qc. Simulation results on three different types of network models and three real networks show that these networks all exhibit a computationally efficient robustness measure R'. The relationships between R' and the network size N and the network average degree are also explored. It is found that the value of R' decreases with N while increases with . Our results would be useful for improving the calculation efficiency of network robustness measure R for complex networks.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft
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EZH2 RIP-seq Identifies Tissue-specific Long Non-coding RNAs.
BackgroundPolycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2) catalyzes histone methylation at H3 Lys27, and plays crucial roles during development and diseases in numerous systems. Its catalytic subunit EZH2 represents a key nuclear target for long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) that emerging to be a novel class of epigenetic regulator and participate in diverse cellular processes. LncRNAs are characterized by high tissue-specificity; however, little is known about the tissue profile of the EZH2- interacting lncRNAs.ObjectiveHere we performed a global screening for EZH2-binding lncRNAs in tissues including brain, lung, heart, liver, kidney, intestine, spleen, testis, muscle and blood by combining RNA immuno- precipitation and RNA sequencing. We identified 1328 EZH2-binding lncRNAs, among which 470 were shared in at least two tissues while 858 were only detected in single tissue. An RNA motif with specific secondary structure was identified in a number of lncRNAs, albeit not in all EZH2-binding lncRNAs. The EZH2-binding lncRNAs fell into four categories including intergenic lncRNA, antisense lncRNA, intron-related lncRNA and promoter-related lncRNA, suggesting diverse regulations of both cis and trans-mechanisms. A promoter-related lncRNA Hnf1aos1 bound to EZH2 specifically in the liver, a feature same as its paired coding gene Hnf1a, further confirming the validity of our study. In addition to the well known EZH2-binding lncRNAs like Kcnq1ot1, Gas5, Meg3, Hotair and Malat1, majority of the lncRNAs were firstly reported to be associated with EZH2.ConclusionOur findings provide a profiling view of the EZH2-interacting lncRNAs across different tissues, and suggest critical roles of lncRNAs during cell differentiation and maturation
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