Lusin-type approximation of Sobolev by Lipschitz functions, in Gaussian and RCD(K,∞)RCD(K,\infty) spaces

We establish new approximation results, in the sense of Lusin, of Sobolev functions by Lipschitz ones, in some classes of non-doubling metric measure structures. Our proof technique relies upon estimates for heat semigroups and applies to Gaussian and $RCD(K, \infty)$ spaces. As a consequence, we obtain quantitative stability for regular Lagrangian flows in Gaussian settings

Effect of Garlic Juice on Quality Changes of Oyster (Crassostrea Belcheri) Meat During Chilled Storage

Surat-thani oyster, a big and thin-shell bivalve mollusks, has been registered as Geographical Indicators, GI, as its good taste and delicacy as well as nutritious. Eaten style is raw then there is high risk to face with some disease as oyster is filter feeder. Physical, chemical, microbiological and sensory qualities after the oyster meat treated with the garlic juice at 0, 2 and 3 ml, respectively were monitored. Though initial pH of the control, untreated with garlic juice, was higher compared with the sample treated with 3 ml garlic juice, pH of it (control) was significantly lower (p5) at the end of the storag

Evaluación de los factores determinantes del recuento de plaquetas en pacientes con cirrosis

Thrombocytopenia is considered one of the hallmarks of patients with cirrhosis. Several mechanisms have been implicated in the pathophysiology of thrombocytopenia in cirrhosis. Hypersplenism caused by splenomegay, classically regarded as an indirect marker of portal hypertension has been considered the main factor implicated [200]. Nevertheless, portal hypertension is best estimated by the hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) [32, 189], although contradictory results have been reported regarding the association between HVPG and platelet count [195-197]. The identification of thrombopoietin (TPO), a growth factor that enhances the maturation of megakaryocytes and the release of platelets from the bone marrow, has shed new light on the physiolgy of platelets [217]. In normal conditions in adults, TPO is mainly produced in the liver [93, 96] and the circulating leves of platelets are controlled by a negative feedback mechanism [99], so there is an inverse relationship between the amount of circulating platelets, and the amount of TPO that can reach the bone marrow to stimulate thrombopoiesis. In liver cirrhosis perhaps a decreased syntehesis of TPO could be implicated in the development of thrombocytopenia. Controversial findings regarding the role of each mechanism in thrombocytopenia of liver cirrhosis have been reported [142, 146, 160-161, 184] and no study has simultaneously evaluated the influence of the different mechanisms including portal hypertension and TPO production nor whether their influence could change in different stages of the disease..

PENGARUH GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE, LIKUIDITAS, DAN UKURAN PERUSAHAAN TERHADAP PROFITABILITAS PADA PERUSAHAAN BUMN YANG TERMASUK DALAM IICG DENGAN STRUKTUR MODAL SEBAGAI VARIABEL INTERVENING

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh Good Corporate Governance, likuiditas, dan ukuran perusahaan terhadap profitabilitas, dimediasi oleh struktur modal. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah perusahaan BUMN yang termasuk dalam IICG. Teknik pengambilan sampel adalah teknik purposive sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 13 perusahaan. Jenis data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder dan teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah Struktur Equation Model dengan alat uji software SmartPLS. Hasil dalam penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Good Corporate Governance, likuiditas dan ukuran perusahaan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap struktur modal. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa struktur modal memediasi secara penuh pengaruh Good Corporate Governance dan ukuran perusahaan terhadap profitabilitas, namun memediasi parsial pengaruh likuiditas terhadap profitabilitas

シベリア亜寒帯林における樹冠と林床の植生指数

Clinical characteristic of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and trauma. (DOC 45 kb

Anti-miRNA Delivery Systems Based on Self-assembled Nanostructure

Nanomedicine has been one of the focuses of drug delivery field, especially when it comes to cancer therapy, due to the unprecedented potential benefits it could bring, such as specificity and high cargo loading. Standing on the advantages of nanoscale delivery vehicle, gene delivery targets the root of a disease instead of the product of the disease pathology, striving to achieve specificity on an even higher hierarchy. The discovery of miRNAs might be the critical piece of the cancer research puzzle since one miRNAs can regulate a broad network of genes involved in different signaling pathways. The overall objective of this dissertation is to test the hypothesis that systematic study of the assembly and disassembly process of delivery carrier will provide guidance for the development of more efficacious anti-miRNA delivery technologies. Surface properties of methoxy-poly(ethylene glycol-b-lactide-b-arginine) micelles were varied by controlling the oligoarginine block length and conjugation density. Depending upon the oligoarginine length and density, micelles exhibited anti-miRNA loading capacity directly related to the presentation of charged groups on the surface. The unpackaging of nucleic acid from micelleplexes requires thoughtful design considerations because the release of nucleic acids payloads from carrier in cytoplasm is a necessary step for effective nucleic acids delivery. Redox responsive feature was found to contribute significantly to anti-miRNA dissociation from the micelleplex and lead to higher delivery efficiency, indicating the necessity of including self-disassembly function in anti-miRNA delivery carrier. Stability issue has been plaguing the systematic administration of micelle-based nanoparticles. For the first time, it was demonstrated that micelles and micelleplexes have significantly better stability in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) than in human plasma, indicating the advantage of applying micelle-based nanoparticles for CNS disease

An Impressionist's Therapeutic Strawberries for Brain Tumor

My PhD thesis explores the microenvironment of cancer's responsive gene delivery system for brain tumors. We aim to target the upregulated miRNAs involved in brain tumors by delivering antimiRNAs with our polymeric gene delivery system. The key barriers of gene delivery are achieving adequate cellular uptake and prompt release of antimiRNA from the delivery system once arriving at the cytoplasm. In this image, we successfully observed sufficient amounts of antimiRNA existing in cells in a diffuse pattern. The image is critical evidence to suggest the potential of our stimuli responsive gene delivery system. The green color is fluorophore-labeled antimiRNAs in cytoplasm where they actually take action. The red color is nuclei stained with DRAQ5, an infrared dye. Nature creates beauty, and this time, she is an Impressionist! Our next step is to test the therapeutic effect of these stunning strawberries on brain tumor cell lines. Isn't it every cancer patient's wish that their medicine could be as delicious as strawberries? The project is funded by a UIC Provost's Award for Graduate Research

The Role of the GSK3 Inhibition-Tcf7l1 Axis in Facilitating Exit from Naive Pluripotency

This thesis dissertation examines events which allow embryonic stem cells (ESC) to progress from early or “naïve” pluripotency, a state characterized by propensity for self-renewal, to late or “primed” pluripotency, whence ESC become competent to divide into lineage-specifying cells. This work occurs in two sections. The first section examines the role of the GSK3i-Tcf/Lef axis in the exit from naïve pluripotency. The second section elucidates an epigenetic mechanism by which Tcf7l1 drives exit from naïve pluripotency. Based on conclusions from this work, I propose that Tcf7l1-mediated enhancer decommissioning accommodates the need for pluripotent cells to rapidly alter their response to differentiation signals in the progression towards gastrulation, a likely mechanism by which Wnt/β-catenin signaling controls other stem cell lineage decisions

Compositional Effects of Gd, Y and Ag on Precipitation, Tensile Properties and Corrosion of Mg-Gd-Y-Ag(-Zr) Alloys

As the lightest structural material, Mg alloys show great potential as candidates for various structural components in the aerospace, aircraft, automotive and 3C (computer, communication and consumer electronic product) industries. However, difficulties in attaining good strength and ductility in the same material have hindered the wider application of Mg alloys. In this regard, Mg alloys containing rare-earth (RE) elements have attracted widespread research interest for their high strength with acceptable ductility. Mg-Gd(-Y)-Ag alloys are typical examples of high strength Mg-RE alloys: a Mg-15.6Gd-1.8Ag-0.4Zr (wt.%) casting alloy had a yield strength (YS) of 328 MPa, ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of 423 MPa and elongation of 2.6%; while, a Mg-8.5Gd-2.3Y-1.8Y-0.4Zr (wt.%) combined a YS of 268 MPa, UTS of 403 MPa with considerably improved ductility (4.9%, elongation to break). The main reason for the high strength achieved in the Mg-Gd(-Y)-Ag alloys is the combined strengthening effect of prismatic and basal strengthening precipitates. However, detailed characterisation of the strengthening precipitates in this important Mg-Gd(-Y)-Ag alloy system is very limited in the literature to date. Furthermore, the roles of Ag in Mg-Gd and Mg-Y binary alloys are still unclear. The type, atomic structure, orientation and evolution of the precipitates, especially the basal precipitates, in Mg-Gd(Y)-Ag alloys are not unambiguously established. Detailed characterisations of the precipitates in Mg-Gd(-Y)-Ag alloys are critical, since in-depth knowledge of the precipitates in the high strength Mg alloys offers the opportunity to improve our understanding and facilitates rational design the compositions of Mg alloys with improved strength.<br> <br>    In the present study, six alloys with equi-atomic concentration of total alloying elements are designed to study the compositional roles of Gd, Y, Ag in the microstructures and mechanical properties of Mg-Gd-Y-Ag(-Zr) alloys. The addition of Ag to the Mg-Gd binary alloy significantly enhances the age-hardening response. This is due to the formation of a large number of basal precipitates, without obviously sacrificing the prismatic precipitates. The YS, UTS and elongation of the Ag-free counterpart Mg-2.8Gd-0.1Zr (at.%) are 246 MPa, 293 MPa and 0.4%, respectively. In comparison, Mg-2.4Gd-0.4Ag-0.1Zr (at.%) has a YS of 271 MPa, UTS of 414 MPa, and elongation of 2.7%. The YS of Mg-2.4Gd-0.4Ag-0.1Zr was the highest among the six alloys. Contrary to the positive role of Ag in the Mg-Gd binary alloy, the addition of Ag to the Mg-Y binary alloy reduces the age-hardening response. In the peak-aged condition, the microstructure of the Mg-2.4Y-0.4Ag-0.Zr (at.%) is mainly composed of basal precipitates with a limited number of prismatic precipitates. The YS, UTS and elongation of the Ag-free Mg-2.8Y-0.1Zr (at.%) are 237 MPa, 278 MPa and 0.4%, respectively, while those of the Mg-2.4Y-0.4Ag-0.1Zr are 217 MPa, 309 MPa and 2%. The Mg-2.4Y-0.4Ag-0.1Zr has the poorest YS among the six alloys. Increasing the Gd/Y atomic ratio can obviously increase the number density and reduce the size of both prismatic and basal precipitates. A good combination of strength and ductility is achieved in Mg-1.6Gd-0.8Y-0.4Ag-0.1Zr (at.%) which has a Gd/Y atomic ratio of 2:1. It is also noted that for all Ag-containing alloys, improved ductility is achieved in comparison with the Ag-free Mg-Gd(-Zr) and Mg-Y(-Zr) alloys.<br> <br>    Because Mg-2.4Gd-0.4Ag-0.1Zr shows the highest YS with acceptable ductility, microstructures of this alloy were systematically studied using atom probe tomography (APT) and high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM). For the first time, a large number of Ag-rich clusters were observed in the solution-treated Mg-2.4Gd-0.4Ag-0.1Zr using APT. These Ag-rich clusters promote age-hardening kinetics during the early stages of ageing. In the first stage of ageing, the precipitation involves the formation of ordered solute clusters and GP zones. The ordered solute clusters comprise 1-6 solute-rich atomic columns along [0001]α. Among all the types of clusters, hexagonal clusters are the most frequently observed one; this is due to the interconnected hexagonal ring is the most energetically favourable configuration. Three types of GP zones are observed. Zigzag and hexagonal GP zones form as disks on {101 ̅0}α and flat GP zones form as disks on (0001)α. In the peak-aged condition, the microstructure mainly contains β' (base-centred orthorhombic Bravais lattice, a = 0.65 nm, b = 2.27 nm and c = 0.52 nm) precipitates and two types of plate-like basal precipitates ( γ'''and γ''). The γ''' plate is comprised of three atomic planes parallel to (0001)α, with Gd and Ag atoms having an ordered hexagonal distribution in each layer. The γ'' precipitate has an ordered hexagonal structure (a = 0.548 nm, c = 0.417 nm). In the over-aged condition, the precipitation involves the formation of βF' and β1 (fcc, a = 0.74 nm). Contradicting first-principles calculations in the literature, in which the formation of βF' phase is energetically unfavourable in Mg-Gd alloys, well-developed βF' precipitates are observed in Mg-2.4Gd-0.4Ag-0.1Zr. The βF' phase has an orthorhombic Bravais lattice (a = 0.64 nm, b = 1.1 nm and c = 0.52 nm), and this precipitate is always found attached with β' precipitate. Based on experimental observations, the β1 precipitates may form from βF' precipitates. The equilibrium precipitate phases in Mg-2.4Gd-0.4Ag-0.1Zr are β (Mg5Gd, fcc, a = 2.23 nm) and γ (diamond cubic, a = 1.6 nm).<br> <br>    The development of high strength Mg-Gd-Ag(-Zr) alloys thus far has not taken the corrosion issue into consideration. Additions of Ag to the Mg-Gd(-Zr) alloys lead to a significant drop in corrosion resistance. Therefore, a <i>quasi-in-situ</i> STEM/EDS approach was applied to study the corrosion behaviour of Mg-2.4Gd-0.4Ag-0.1Zr and Mg-2.8Gd-0.1Zr upon immersion in 0.01 M NaCl solution. Based on the <i>quasi-in-situ</i> STEM/EDS approach, segregation of O at the interface between the α-Mg matrix and the precipitates were directly observed during corrosion. Besides, Ag-rich particles were found, which was due to the re-deposition of Ag. These results provide solid evidence for the micro-galvanic corrosion. The <i>quasi-in-situ </i>STEM/EDS investigation also suggests that the corrosion of Mg-2.4Gd-0.4Ag-0.1Zr and Mg-2.8Gd-0.1Zr could be characterised by two stages (stage I and stage II). In stage I, the α-Mg matrix dissolves to a small extent; while in stage II, micro-galvanic corrosion is accelerated. Ag addition results in higher tendency for the growth of hydroxide layer which catalyses the cathodic reaction and significantly increases the overall corrosion rate

Visualization 1.mp4

3-D dark traps for low refractive index bio-cells using single optical fiber Bessel bea