Zoombombing Your Toddler: User Experience and the Communication of Zoom’s Privacy Crisis

In spring 2020, not only did the teleconferencing platform Zoom experience an onslaught of new users who were now social distancing due to the COVID-19 crisis, but it also faced its own crisis due to the privacy of its product. For those working in technical and professional communication, the Zoom example illustrates not only a way to communicate in an emergency but also a way that privacy can cause a crisis in the first place. Drawing from literature on crisis communication and the experiences users described in the Zoom CEO’s blog post, the author concludes that while Zoom did indeed have technical issues that contributed to its privacy crisis, users also experienced its technology in unexpected ways, and the company underestimated the privacy expectations of its new users. Zoom’s privacy crisis ultimately provides a useful discussion of why it is increasingly important for companies to incorporate privacy by design and to be frank about their privacy practices with a public who has a growing interest in, and dissatisfaction with, corporate privacy practices

Stem cankers on sunflower (Helianthus annuus) in Australia reveal a complex of pathogenic Diaporthe (Phomopsis) species

The identification of Diaporthe (anamorph Phomopsis) species associated with stem canker of sunflower (Helianthus annuus) in Australia was studied using morphology, DNA sequence analysis and pathology. Phylogenetic analysis revealed three clades that did not correspond with known taxa, and these are believed to represent novel species. Diaporthe gulyae sp. nov. is described for isolates that caused a severe stem canker, specifically pale brown to dark brown, irregularly shaped lesions centred at the stem nodes with pith deterioration and mid-stem lodging. This pathogenicity of D. gulyae was confirmed by satisfying Koch’s Postulates. These symptoms are almost identical to those of sunflower stem canker caused by D. helianthi that can cause yield reductions of up to 40 % in Europe and the USA, although it has not been found in Australia. We show that there has been broad misapplication of the name D. helianthi to many isolates of Diaporthe (Phomopsis) found causing, or associated with, stem cankers on sunflower. In GenBank, a number of isolates had been identified as D. helianthi, which were accommodated in several clades by molecular phylogenetic analysis. Two less damaging species, D. kochmanii sp. nov. and D. kongii sp. nov., are also described from cankers on sunflower in Australia

Peranan Poliembrioni Terhadap Produksi Benih Pada Tanaman Jeruk Siam (Citrus nobilis L.)

This study aims to determine the growth of polyembryonic seeds in Siamese oranges and to study the growth of seedlings from polyembryonic seeds which will be used as good seeds in overcoming the problem of availability of Siamese orange seeds. The research was carried out from May to October 2022 at the Green House of the Faculty of Agriculture, Sam Ratulangi University and Eris Village, Eris District. The research method used a randomized block design (RBD) with 5 treatments repeated 4 times and found a total of 20 treatments, namely Z11, Z12, Z13, Z14, P21, P22, P23, P24, P31, P32, P33, P34, B21, B22, B23 , B24, B31, B32, B33 and B34. Data analysis used ANOVA analysis (analysis of variance). If it has no effect, then proceed with the BNT test at the 5% test level. The results showed that the growth of Siamese orange sprouts resulted in the growth of embryos up to 6 intact in one seed. Polyembryony, the ability to germinate seeds above 80.00% is one of the conditions for seeds to be recommended for seed sources 20.95%

Primordial black hole isocurvature modes from non-Gaussianity

Theoretical Physic

Dual Thermographic Monitoring of Ti-6Al-4V Cylinders During Direct Laser Deposition

Understanding the thermal phenomena associated with Direct Laser Deposition (DLD) is necessary to begin manipulating fabricated part properties. In this study, a thermally monitored Laser Engineered Net Shaping (LENS) system is used with time-invariant (uncontrolled) build parameters to construct Ti-6Al-4V cylinders with two different build paths. Both paths utilize a circular contour with serpentine hatch fill; however, successive layer patterns are varied and the effects compared between 90° and 120° angular pattern shifts. During fabrication, the part’s thermal history and melt pool temperature are recorded via an in-chamber infrared (IR) camera and a dual-wavelength (DW) pyrometer, respectively. These tools are used for non-destructive thermographic inspection (NTI) of the part to ensure target quality and/or microstructure. A unique calibration method for the IR camera utilizing the DW pyrometer data is presented and a calibration correction factor was utilized for high temperature ranges. The melt pool was found to be 40-50% superheated reaching temperatures up to 2500 ºC at times. Temperature characteristics of two different layers were compared for different hatching patters, and the results show that for a given point in time, maximum temperatures can vary based on laser raster. Temperature gradients varied and peaked at about 1000 ºC/mm along the diameter of the small rods. This can lead to anisotropy in microstructural and mechanical properties allowing for unique property growth per build path. Cooling rates within the melt pool appear to increase as maximum melt pool temperature increases, for instance, from 16,000 ºC/s – 41,000 ºC/s.Mechanical Engineerin

Design patterns for work and organization structures to improve performance in Public-Private Partnerships

Thesis: S.M. in Engineering and Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, System Design and Management Program, 2018.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.Includes bibliographical references (pages 91-94).A project planning phase is critical to the success of the Public-Private Partnership (PPP) project. The design of a work breakdown structure (WBS) is an essential and effective task in the planning phase. The purpose of this paper is to introduce a new way of designing a WBS through the Work Breakdown Design Pattern Generator (WBDPG). Compared to conventional ways of creating a WBS, the WBDPG helps to design a WBS based on the ability to compare the alternatives and their potential benefits. The core hypothesis of this research is that a well-designed and thus better performing - WBS should increase alignment between situational project requirements and the project's product breakdown structure (PBS) or organizational breakdown structure (OBS). In order to consider this alignment and tradeoffs, a method is proposed which uses morphological and domain mapping matrices to conduct a tradespace and scenario analyses. With this "generator" method, combinations of different breakdown rules across several layers of hierarchy lead to predicted varying levels of performance of the project. For example, a WBS made of functional breakdown rules shows high alignment with the PBS, thus such projects result in better performance related to the product structure. In contrast, a WBS driven by resource breakdown rules aligns highly with the OBS, resulting in high performance related to the organizational structure. In a case where locational difference has a big impact on the project, a WBS made of geographical breakdown rules is likely to lead to better performance. The research concludes that the Work Breakdown Design Pattern Generator can forecast different performance given WBSs designed through different combinations of breakdown rules, and resulting variation in alignment across breakdown structures. Given that PPP projects are often complex, with large-scale and many stakeholders, the method demonstrates a way that structural alternatives can be generated so that the various partners in dialogue can shape their work approach efficiency in the early phase. The research has several limitations and opportunities for extension. In this paper, the organization structure and the product structure are assumed as given. Also, any refinement or change loops to the WBS during the project were not considered.by Young-Min, Kwon.S.M. in Engineering and Managemen

Effects of paylean (ractopamine⋅HCl) on finishing pig growth and variation

A total of 336 pigs were used in a 21-day trial to determine the effect of Paylean (9.0 g/ton Ractopamine·HCl) on finishing pig growth and variation. Pigs were allotted based on weight so that all pens had the same initial weight and degree of variation within the pen. Pigs fed Paylean had greater ADG and better feed efficiency than control-fed pigs (P<0.05). However, no differences in pen coefficient of variation were observed (P>0.70). The results suggest that adding Paylean to the diet improves finishing pig growth performance but does not affect weight variation within the pen

A high stability semiconductor laser system for a 88^{88}Sr-based optical lattice clock

We describe a frequency stabilized diode laser at 698 nm used for high resolution spectroscopy of the 1S0-3P0 strontium clock transition. For the laser stabilization we use state-of-the-art symmetrically suspended optical cavities optimized for very low thermal noise at room temperature. Two-stage frequency stabilization to high finesse optical cavities results in measured laser frequency noise about a factor of three above the cavity thermal noise between 2 Hz and 11 Hz. With this system, we demonstrate high resolution remote spectroscopy on the 88Sr clock transition by transferring the laser output over a phase-noise-compensated 200 m-long fiber link between two separated laboratories. Our dedicated fiber link ensures a transfer of the optical carrier with frequency stability of 7 \cdot 10^{-18} after 100 s integration time, which could enable the observation of the strontium clock transition with an atomic Q of 10^{14}. Furthermore, with an eye towards the development of transportable optical clocks, we investigate how the complete laser system (laser+optics+cavity) can be influenced by environmental disturbances in terms of both short- and long-term frequency stability.Comment: 9 pages, 9 figures, submitted to Appl. Phys.