62,073 research outputs found
Promoting green issues and sustainability in UK higher education libraries
Climate change affects us all. Individually and collectively, we must reduce our carbon footprint to protect the future of the planet. But how can higher education libraries contribute? In April of 2007, a request was made to SCONUL libraries – via LIS-SCONUL – for information on library green initiatives that they were taking forward. The responses highlighted that there is growing interest in the issue and that sustainability issues are beginning to be taken very seriously. This is partially driven by the greater awareness of the need to reduce carbon emissions throughout society. Specifically within higher education, it is also a result of encouragement by funding bodies, such as the Higher Education Funding Council for England (HEFCE) (see http://www.hefce. ac.uk/lgm/sustain/), through pressure from groups such as People and Planet and their ‘green league’ of higher education institutions (http:// peopleandplanet.org/gogreen/greenleague2007), and through rewards for excellence such as the Times Higher Education and Higher Education Academy Awards for an outstanding contribution by a higher education institution to sustainable development. Library staff are often active in wider institutional sustainability initiatives and can act as ‘champions’ for environmental issues and initiatives. Most of the libraries that responded to the request for information have aligned their green initiatives/ policies with those of their host organisation. Some libraries have participated in a wider institutional initiative to apply for the environmental management standard, ISO 14001. However, there are many specific ways that libraries can become more environmentally friendly and can make a difference
Magnetic studies of the lightly Ru doped perovskite rhodates Sr(Ru,Rh)O
The solid solution between the ferromagnetic metal SrRuO and the enhanced
paramagnetic metal SrRhO was recently reported [K. Yamaura et al., Phys.
Rev. B 69 (2004) 024410], and an unexpected feature was found in the specific
heat data at =0.9 of SrRuRhO. The feature was reinvestigated
further by characterizing additional samples with various Ru concentrations in
the vicinity of =0.9. Specific heat and magnetic susceptibility data
indicate that the feature reflects a peculiar magnetism of the doped
perovskite, which appears only in the very narrow composition range
0.850.95.Comment: Accepted for publication in a special issue of Physica B (the
proceedings of SCES04
Sigma terms from an SU(3) chiral extrapolation
We report a new analysis of lattice simulation results for octet baryon
masses in 2+1-flavor QCD, with an emphasis on a precise determination of the
strangeness nucleon sigma term. A controlled chiral extrapolation of a recent
PACS-CS Collaboration data set yields baryon masses which exhibit remarkable
agreement both with experimental values at the physical point and with the
results of independent lattice QCD simulations at unphysical meson masses.
Using the Feynman-Hellmann relation, we evaluate sigma commutators for all
octet baryons. The small statistical uncertainty, and considerably smaller
model-dependence, allows a signifcantly more precise determination of the
pion-nucleon sigma commutator and the strangeness sigma term than hitherto
possible, namely {\sigma}{\pi}N=45 \pm 6 MeV and {\sigma}s = 21 \pm 6 MeV at
the physical point.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure
Progress in resolving charge symmetry violation in nucleon structure
Recent work unambiguously resolves the level of charge symmetry violation in
moments of parton distributions using 2+1-flavor lattice QCD. We introduce the
methods used for that analysis by applying them to determine the strong
contribution to the proton-neutron mass difference. We also summarize related
work which reveals that the fraction of baryon spin which is carried by the
quarks is in fact structure-dependent rather than universal across the baryon
octet.Comment: 8 pages, 4 figures; presented at "The Seventh International Symposium
on Chiral Symmetry in Hadrons and Nuclei", BeiHang Univ. Beijing, Chin
Updated Analysis of the Mass of the H Dibaryon from Lattice QCD
Recent lattice QCD calculations from the HAL and NPLQCD Collaborations have
reported evidence for the existence of a bound state with strangeness -2 and
baryon number 2 at quark masses somewhat higher than the physical values. A
controlled chiral extrapolation of these lattice results to the physical point
suggested that the state, identified with the famed H dibaryon, is most likely
slightly unbound (by 13 14 MeV) with respect to the
threshold. We report the results of an updated analysis which finds the H
unbound by 26 11 MeV. Apart from the insight it would give us into how
QCD is realized in Nature, the H is of great interest because of its potential
implications for the equation of state of dense matter and studies of neutron
stars. It may also explain the enhancement above the
threshold already reported experimentally. It is clearly of great importance
that the latter be pursued in experiments at the new J-PARC facility.Comment: Invited presentation at APPC12 (12th Asia Pacific Physics
Conference), July 14-19, 2013, Chiba, Japa
Solid state convection models of lunar internal temperature
Thermal models of the Moon were made which include cooling by subsolidus creep and consideration of the creep behavior of geologic material. Measurements from the Apollo program on seismic velocities, electrical conductivity of the Moon's interior, and heat flux at two locations were used in the calculations. Estimates of 1500 to 1600 K were calculated for the temperature, and one sextillion to ten sextillion sq cm/sec were calcualted for the viscosity of the deep lunar interior
Changes in the polar vortex: Effects on Antarctic total ozone observations at various stations
October mean total column ozone data from four Antarctic stations form the basis for understanding the evolution of the ozone hole since 1960. While these stations show similar emergence of the ozone hole from 1960 to 1980, the records are divergent in the last two decades. The effects of long-term changes in vortex shape and location are considered by gridding the measurements by equivalent latitude. A clear eastward shift of the mean position of the vortex in October with time is revealed, which changes the fraction of ozone measurements taken inside/outside the vortex for stations in the vortex collar region. After including only those measurements made inside the vortex, ozone behavior in the last two decades at the four stations is very similar. This suggests that dynamical influence must be considered when interpreting and intercomparing ozone measurements from Antarctic stations for detecting ozone recovery and ozone-related changes in Antarctic climate
NiO Exchange Bias Layers Grown by Direct Ion Beam Sputtering of a Nickel Oxide Target
A new process for fabricating NiO exchange bias layers has been developed.
The process involves the direct ion beam sputtering (IBS) of a NiO target. The
process is simpler than other deposition techniques for producing NiO buffer
layers, and facilitates the deposition of an entire spin-valve layered
structure using IBS without breaking vacuum. The layer thickness and
temperature dependence of the exchange field for NiO/NiFe films produced using
IBS are presented and are similar to those reported for similar films deposited
using reactive magnetron sputtering. The magnetic properties of highly textured
exchange couples deposited on single crystal substrates are compared to those
of simultaneously deposited polycrystalline films, and both show comparable
exchange fields. These results are compared to current theories describing the
exchange coupling at the NiO/NiFe interface.Comment: 9 pages, Latex 2.09, 3 postscript figures. You can also this
manuscript at http://www.wsrcc.com/alison/fixed-nio/manuscript.html To be
published in _IEEE Trans. Magn._, Nov. 199
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