Realization and Characterization of P-typed Polythiophene Based Organic Photovoltaic Cells

In this work, an organic photovoltaic cell experimental study was performed to improve the electrical characteristics (current and voltage) and the conversion efficiency. Three Schottky organic photovoltaic cells that based polythiophene are realized experimentally for several cell surfaces and transparent electrode types. According to the obtained results, the best conversion efficiency is registered for the organic cell fabricated by {ZnO:Al/PTH/Al}. The photovoltaic cell performances are highly dependent on their geometry and the rearrangement of the polymer grains in contact with the metal that reflects the surface state significance of the two parts (metal and polymer). The electrode type used in the cell manufacturing possesses a very important influence on the cell electrical characteristics.: Organic photovoltaic,

Development of new ontological solution for an energy intelligent management in Adrar city

Currently, the growth in building energy consumption presents raises concerns with greenhouse gases and environmental pollution. The building occupants face significant difficulties to control the consumed power due to several instabilities such as climate change and human behavior. Therefore, it is necessary to have a decision tool that optimizes the consumed energy and ensures an acceptable comfort for the occupants. This article presents an intelligent solution based on an ontology that presents knowledge about the internal and external environment of a residence, as well as the occupants’ behavior and activities. The system openness with the external environment, the knowledge presentation flexibility built on Web Ontology Language (OWL) and the possibility of intelligent reasoning using Semantic Web Rule Language (SWRL) are the main reasons for choosing the ontological approach. The proposed ontology is applied to a real home located in the Adrar city, in the Algerian Sahara. A comparison between two scenarios (with and without the proposed system, Ontological Solution for Energy Intelligent Management (OSEIM) revealed the effectiveness of the proposed solution. The obtained results present a significant energy saving of 4.58%

Investigation, Analysis and Optimization of PEMFC Channel Cross-Section Shape

In this study, a three-dimensional (CFD) model is employed to simulate and optimize the CCS (Channel Cross-Section) shape of the single straight channel PEMFC. Four CCS shapes, namely trapeze, inverted trapeze, half of ellipse and inverted half of ellipse, are investigated using ANSYS-FLUENT software and compared to the rectangular and triangular CCS shapes. The results obtained from the simulation are compared to the experimental results of the literature. A good agreement is observed between the numerical and experimental results. From the obtained results, it appears that the best delivered power density is reported by the trapeze CCS configuration, whereas, the worst delivered power density is obtained by the inverted half of ellipse CCS configuration. The highest pressure-drop and pumping power are obtained with the triangular CCS configuration and the smallest are resulted by the rectangular CCS configuration. Finally, the highest net power output is reported by the trapeze channel cross-section configuration, while, the lowest one is yielded by the inverted half of ellipse CCS configuration

On liquid film measurements using multi-reflection technique

International audienc

Mapping surface water erosion potential in the Soummam watershed in Northeast Algeria with RUSLE model

(IF 1.42 [2018]; Q2)International audienceThe present study aims to estimate the annual soil loss in the Soummam watershed in the northeast of Algeria, using the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE), geographic information system (GIS), and remote sensing (RS). RUSLE model has been used for modelling the main factors involved in erosive phenomena. The Soummam watershed covers a surface area of 9108.45 km2 of irregular shape, northeast —southwest towards southeast. It is characterized by an altitude varying between 2 m in the northeast and 2308 m in the northwest. Results showed that the average erosivity factor (R) is 70.64 (MJ·mm)/(ha·h·year) and the maximum value reaches 140 (MJ·mm)/(ha·h·year), the average soil erodibility factor (K) is 0.016 (t·h·ha)/(MJ·ha·mm) and maximum values reach 0.0204 (t·h·ha)/(MJ·ha·mm) in the southeast regions of the watershed, the average slope length and steepness factor (LS) is 9.79 and the mean C factor is estimated to be 0.62. Thematic maps integration of different factors of RUSLE in GIS with their database, allowed with a rapid and efficient manner to highlight complexity and factors interdependence in the erosion risk analyses. The resulting map for soils losses, with an average erosion rate of 6.81 t/(ha·year) shows a low erosion (<7.41 t/(ha·year)) which covers 73.46% of the total area of the basin, and a medium erosion (7.42 to 19.77 t/(ha·year)), which represents 17.66% of the area. Areas with extreme erosion risk exceeding 32.18 t/(ha·year) cover more than 3.54% of the basin area. The results can certainly aid in implementation of soil management and conservation practices to reduce the soil erosion in the Soummam watershed