Radiative CP Phases in Supergravity Theories

In this letter, we point out that possible sources of CP violation originate from radiative corrections to soft terms which are ubiquitous in supergravity theories and also in other high-energy frameworks of supersymmetry breaking. With these radiative phases of gaugino masses and scalar couplings, a complex phase of Higgs holomorphic mass parameter is generated via renormalization-group running down to low energy. It is found that its phase value is mainly controlled by wino as well as gluino, which generally receive different radiative corrections to their complex phases, even if the leading part of mass parameters follow from the universality hypothesis. The radiatively generated phases are constrained by the existing experimental bounds on electric dipole moments, and may be detectable in future measurements. They are also found to be available for the cancellation mechanism to be worked.Comment: 14 pages, 5 figures, references adde

Bottom-Up Approach to Moduli Dynamics in Heavy Gravitino Scenario : Superpotential, Soft Terms and Sparticle Mass Spectrum

The physics of moduli fields is examined in the scenario where the gravitino is relatively heavy with mass of order 10 TeV, which is favored in view of the severe gravitino problem. The form of the moduli superpotential is shown to be determined, if one imposes a phenomenological requirement that no physical CP phase arise in gaugino masses from conformal anomaly mediation. This bottom-up approach allows only two types of superpotential, each of which can have its origins in a fundamental underlying theory such as superstring. One superpotential is the sum of an exponential and a constant, which is identical to that obtained by Kachru et al (KKLT), and the other is the racetrack superpotential with two exponentials. The general form of soft supersymmetry breaking masses is derived, and the pattern of the superparticle mass spectrum in the minimal supersymmetric standard model is discussed with the KKLT-type superpotential. It is shown that the moduli mediation and the anomaly mediation make comparable contributions to the soft masses. At the weak scale, the gaugino masses are rather degenerate compared to the minimal supergravity, which bring characteristic features on the superparticle masses. In particular, the lightest neutralino, which often constitutes the lightest superparticle and thus a dark matter candidate, is a considerable admixture of gauginos and higgsinos. We also find a small mass hierarchy among the moduli, gravitino, and superpartners of the standard-model fields. Cosmological implications of the scenario are briefly described.Comment: 45 pages, 10 figures, typos correcte

Quantum energy teleportation in a quantum Hall system

We propose an experimental method for a quantum protocol termed quantum energy teleportation (QET), which allows energy transportation to a remote location without physical carriers. Using a quantum Hall system as a realistic model, we discuss the physical significance of QET and estimate the order of energy gain using reasonable experimental parameters

Tetra(n-butyl)ammonium salt of a ferrimagnetic complex based on mixed-valent dinuclear ruthenium pivalate and octacyanidotungstate(V)

International audienceA tetra (n-butyl)ammonium (n-Bu4N+) salt of Ru2–W complex consisting of dinuclear ruthenium (II,III) pivalate, ([RuIIRuIII(piv)4]+) (Hpiv = pivalic acid), and octacyanidotungstate(V), [n-Bu4N][{RuIIRuIII(piv)4}2(H2O){WV(CN)8}] (1), was synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, infrared spectra, and temperature dependence of magnetic susceptibilities (2–300 K). The crystal structure of 1 revealed a zigzag one-dimensional chain molecule along the c axis with alternating arrangement of [RuIIRuIII(piv)4]+ and [WV(CN)8]3−, where another [RuIIRuIII(piv)4]+ unit is dangled from the [WV(CN)8]3− moiety. The magnetic susceptibilities and zero-field-cooled and field-cooled magnetization data showed that the present complex is ferrimagnetic with a Tc value of 5.5 K. The field dependence of magnetization exhibited a hysteresis with a coercive field of 150 Oe at 2 K

Magnetic material based on mixed-valent dinuclear pivalate and cyanidometalate

Mixed-metal complex consisting of ruthenium(II,III) pivalate, ([Ru₂(piv)₄]⁺) (Hpiv = pivalic acid), tetraethylammonium and octacyanidotungstate(V) ions, (Et₄N)[{Ru₂(piv)₄}₂W(CN)₈]·4H₂O, was synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, infrared and UV-vis spectra and temperature dependence of magnetic susceptibilities (2-300 K). The magnetic susceptibilities, zero-field-cooled and field-cooled magnetizations, and AC susceptibility data showed that the present complex is ferrimagnetic with T_{c} value of 80 K. The field dependence of magnetization exhibited a hysteresis with a coercive field of 17000 Oe at 5 K

Synthesis, Crystal Structures, Electronic Spectra, and Magnetic Properties of Thiolato-Bridged Trinuclear Cobalt(II) Complexes with N, N, S-Tridentate Thiolate Ligands

New trinuclear CoII complexes, [{Co(apaet)2}2Co]X2 (apaet– = 2-[(3-aminopropyl)amino]ethanethiolato; X = SCN (1), ClO4 (2), NO3 (3), Cl (4), Br (5), I (6)) and [{Co(apampt)2}2Co]X2 (apampt– = 1-[(3-aminopropyl)amino]-2-methylpropane-2-thiolato; X = NO3(7), ClO4 (8), Cl (9), Br (10), I (11)), and mononuclear CoIII complexes, [Co(apaet)2]X (X = ClO4 (12), NO3 (13)), were synthesized. Single-crystal X-ray crystallography of 1 and 7 confirmed that the trinuclear complexes have a linear arrangement of octahedral CoIIS2N4-tetrahedral CoIIS4-octahedral CoIIS2N4 chromophores where two thiolate ligands are coordinated to each terminal Co atom in a mer coordination mode and the two thiolato S atoms are further bound to the central Co atom, which is consistent with the electronic spectra and antiferromagnetic propertie

Association between Oral Health Status and Diabetic Nephropathy-Related Indices in Japanese Middle-Aged Men

Oral health status is known to be associated with lifestyle-related diseases such as diabetes and chronic kidney disease. In Japan, around 40% of hemodialysis cases are patients with diabetic nephropathy. The aim of this study was to clarify the association between oral health status and diabetic nephropathy-related indices in Japanese middle-aged men. Sixty-six men (age range: 55–64 years) with ≥20 remaining teeth and who received public medical checkups and oral examinations were enrolled. We examined correlations of age, body mass index, HbA1c, HDL-C, LDL-C, neutral fat, serum creatinine, and the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) with the number of remaining teeth or the community periodontal index (CPI) score (periodontal pocket < 4mm: 0, 4–6 mm: 1, ≥6 mm: 2). A positive correlation between the CPI score and serum creatinine and a negative correlation between CPI score and eGFR (Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient, r = 0.459, p < 0.01, and r = −0.460, p < 0.01, respectively) were observed. The mean eGFR in the CPI score 0 group was significantly higher than that in the CPI score 1/2 group (82.6 vs. 70.7, Student’s t-test, p < 0.01). Logistic regression analysis using eGFR as a dependent variable and age, CPI score, body mass index, HbA1c, and neutral fat as independent variables suggested that low eGFR (<60) could be attributed to CPI score (OR = 3.169, 95% CI: 1.031–9.742, p = 0.044). These results suggest a possible association between periodontal status and renal function in Japanese middle-aged men. Periodontal condition is controlled by oral prophylaxis, and periodontal disease and chronic kidney disease have some common risk factors. Thus, periodontal management can contribute to the prevention of severe chronic kidney disease

Chemical Enrichment in Damped Lyman Alpha Systems From Hierarchical Galaxy Formation Models

We investigate chemical enrichment in Damped Lyman alpha (DLA) systems in the hierarchical structure formation scenario using a semi-analytic model of galaxy formation. The model developed by Nagashima, Totani, Gouda and Yoshii takes into account various selection effects on high-redshift galaxies and can show fundamental observational properties of galaxies, such as luminosity functions and number-magnitude/redshift relations. DLA systems offer the possibilities of measuring metal abundance more accurately than faint galaxies. For example, recent measurements of zinc abundance can provide good evidence for understanding the processes of metal pollution and star formation in DLA systems because zinc is virtually unaffected by dust depletion. Here we focus on this advantage for observation in order to explore the metallicity evolution in DLA systems at high redshifts. We can consistently show the metallicity evolution for reasonable models which also reproduce fundamental properties of local galaxy population. This result suggests that the chemical evolution of DLA systems can be consistently reconciled with the observational features of typical galaxies. We also investigate other properties of DLA systems (column density distribution and mass density of cold gas), and find that star formation in massive galaxies should be more active than that in low-mass ones. This is consistent with the results by Nagashima et al. and Cole et al. in which the star formation timescale is set by reproducing cold gas mass fraction in local spiral galaxies. Finally we discuss host galaxies associated with DLA systems. We conclude that they primarily consist of sub-L* and/or dwarf galaxies from the observations.Comment: 16 pages, 11 figures, Accepted for publication in Astrophsical Journa

Identification of a second gene associated with variation in vertebral number in domestic pigs

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The number of vertebrae in pigs varies and is associated with body size. Wild boars have 19 vertebrae, but European commercial breeds for pork production have 20 to 23 vertebrae. We previously identified two quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for number of vertebrae on <it>Sus scrofa </it>chromosomes (SSC) 1 and 7, and reported that an orphan nuclear receptor, <it>NR6A1</it>, was located at the QTL on SSC1. At the <it>NR6A1 </it>locus, wild boars and Asian local breed pigs had the wild-type allele and European commercial-breed pigs had an allele associated with increased numbers of vertebrae (number-increase allele).</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Here, we performed a map-based study to define the other QTL, on SSC7, for which we detected genetic diversity in European commercial breeds. Haplotype analysis with microsatellite markers revealed a 41-kb conserved region within all the number-increase alleles in the present study. We also developed single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the 450-kb region around the QTL and used them for a linkage disequilibrium analysis and an association study in 199 independent animals. Three haplotype blocks were detected, and SNPs in the 41-kb region presented the highest associations with the number of vertebrae. This region encodes an uncharacterized hypothetical protein that is not a member of any other known gene family. Orthologs appear to exist not only in mammals but also birds and fish. This gene, which we have named <it>vertnin </it>(<it>VRTN</it>) is a candidate for the gene associated with variation in vertebral number. In pigs, the number-increase allele was expressed more abundantly than the wild-type allele in embryos. Among candidate polymorphisms, there is an insertion of a SINE element (PRE1) into the intron of the Q allele as well as the SNPs in the promoter region.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Genetic diversity of <it>VRTN </it>is the suspected cause of the heterogeneity of the number of vertebrae in commercial-breed pigs, so the polymorphism information should be directly useful for assessing the genetic ability of individual animals. The number-increase allele of swine <it>VRTN </it>was suggested to add an additional thoracic segment to the animal. Functional analysis of <it>VRTN </it>may provide novel findings in the areas of developmental biology.</p