Occurrence and disappearance of a non-native goby Rhinogobius sp. OR in relation to hydrological conditions in the Kamo River, southwestern Japan

We monitored the abundance of a non-native (Rhinogobius sp. OR) and two native stream gobies (R. fluviatilis and R. nagoyae) over a decade, from 1995 to 2004, in a fixed reach of a tributary of the Kamo River, southwestern Japan. The non-native Rhinogobius sp. OR appeared and reproduced in 1997, when an increased deposition of fine sediments occurred. However, after a severe spate in 1999, the non-native goby almost completely disappeared from the study reach, while the density of the native R. fluviatilis increased. The severe spate is likely to have prevented the establishment of the non-native goby. Our results provide an example of abiotic barriers to invasion

Effect of a non-native freshwater goby invasion on spawning habitat use of two native freshwater gobies

We tracked the spawning habitat use of two native stream gobies (Rhinogobius fluviatilis and Rhinogobius nagoyae) before and during the invasion of a non-native goby (Rhinogobius sp. OR) and after its disappearance in the Tani River, Japan. Throughout the three phases, the majority of the two native gobies showed high preference and use for the habitat with medium-fast current velocity and coarse substrates as spawning sites. When the non-native Rhinogobius sp. OR invaded, the majority of them also preferred and used the same habitat as spawning sites, and the spawning habitat use of the three Rhinogobius species substantially overlapped. These results suggest that the invasion by the non-native goby did not significantly change the spawning habitat use of the two native gobies. However, the similar habitat requirement among the three Rhinogobius species may cause competition for the spawning habitat when the availability of their favorite habitat is greatly restricted. The non-native Rhinogobius sp. OR could utilize the spawning space on the undersurface of nest stones more efficiently than the two native gobies. Therefore, in the non-native Rhinogobius sp. OR, the size of nest stones is unlikely to be a limiting factor for reproductive success. Such ecological characteristics on nest stone use may enable Rhinogobius sp. OR to easily acquire nest stones with less competition in the spawning habitat where they coexist, which have also helped Rhinogobius sp. OR to extend its distribution area.This study was supported by the River Environment Fund (REF: 16–1-(4)-33), in charge of the Foundation of River and Watershed Environment Management (FOREM), Japan, and by grants from the 21st Century COE program of the Center for Marine Environmental Studies, Ehime University, Japan

Pulmonary manifestation of inflammatory bowel disease: Two case reports

Pulmonary involvement associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are a rare extraintestinal manifestation (EIM) of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), we herein presented two cases. Case 1: 53-year-old man with Crohn's disease treated with mesalazine and azathioprine. Pulmonary nodular shadows were incidentally detected on chest imaging, and revealed granulomas through transbronchial lung biopsy. Case 2: 68-year-old man with ulcerative colitis treated with mesalazine. He presented with fever and respiratory symptoms, and chest imaging showed multiple nodular infiltrates. He was diagnosed with organizing pneumonia by lung biopsy. Both cases were diagnosed to have pulmonary involvement associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) according to multidisciplinary examination including positron emission tomography-computed tomography (FDG-PET) and pathological test. Pulmonary manifestations with IBD may not always require discontinuation of drugs or additional use of steroids or immunosuppressants

Physiological Approach for Coronary Artery Bifurcation Disease:Position Statement by Korean, Japanese, and European Bifurcation Clubs

© 2022 American College of Cardiology FoundationCoronary artery bifurcation lesions are frequently encountered in cardiac catheterization laboratories and are associated with more complex procedures and worse clinical outcomes than nonbifurcation lesions. Therefore, anatomical and physiological assessment of bifurcation lesions before, during, and after percutaneous coronary intervention is of paramount clinical importance. Physiological assessment can help interventionalists appreciate the hemodynamic significance of coronary artery disease and guide ischemia-directed revascularization. However, it is important to understand that the physiological approach for bifurcation disease is more important than simply using physiological indexes for its assessment. This joint consensus document by the Korean, Japanese, and European bifurcation clubs presents the concept of a physiological approach for coronary bifurcation lesions, as well as current knowledge, practical tips, pitfalls, and future directions of applying physiological indexes in bifurcation percutaneous coronary intervention. This document aims to guide interventionalists in performing appropriate physiology-based assessments and treatment decisions for coronary bifurcation lesions.N