Integrating Clustering and Regression for Workload Estimation in the Cloud

Workload prediction has been widely researched in the literature. However, existing techniques are per‐job based and useful for service‐like tasks whose workloads exhibit seasonality and trend. But cloud jobs have many different workload patterns and some do not exhibit recurring workload patterns. We consider job‐pool‐based workload estimation, which analyzes the characteristics of existing tasks' workloads to estimate the currently running tasks' workload. First cluster existing tasks based on their workloads. For a new task J, collect the initial workload of J and determine which cluster J may belong to, then use the cluster's characteristics to estimate J′s workload. Based on the Google dataset, the algorithm is experimentally evaluated and its effectiveness is confirmed. However, the workload patterns of some tasks do have seasonality and trend, and conventional per‐job‐based regression methods may yield better workload prediction results. Also, in some cases, some new tasks may not follow the workload patterns of existing tasks in the pool. Thus, develop an integrated scheme which combines clustering and regression and utilize the best of them for workload prediction. Experimental study shows that the combined approach can further improve the accuracy of workload prediction

Wafer-scale growth of large arrays of perovskite microplate crystals for functional electronics and optoelectronics

Methylammonium lead iodide perovskite has attracted intensive interest for its diverse optoelectronic applications. However, most studies to date have been limited to bulk thin films that are difficult to implement for integrated device arrays because of their incompatibility with typical lithography processes. We report the first patterned growth of regular arrays of perovskite microplate crystals for functional electronics and optoelectronics. We show that large arrays of lead iodide microplates can be grown from an aqueous solution through a seeded growth process and can be further intercalated with methylammonium iodide to produce perovskite crystals. Structural and optical characterizations demonstrate that the resulting materials display excellent crystalline quality and optical properties. We further show that perovskite crystals can be selectively grown on prepatterned electrode arrays to create independently addressable photodetector arrays and functional field effect transistors. The ability to grow perovskite microplates and to precisely place them at specific locations offers a new material platform for the fundamental investigation of the electronic and optical properties of perovskite materials and opens a pathway for integrated electronic and optoelectronic systems.Comment: 8 pages, 4 figure

Interdependency of EGF and GLP-2 Signaling in Attenuating Mucosal Atrophy in a Mouse Model of Parenteral Nutrition

Background & Aims: Total parenteral nutrition (TPN), a crucial treatment for patients who cannot receive enteral nutrition, is associated with mucosal atrophy, barrier dysfunction, and infectious complications. Glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) improve intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) responses and attenuate mucosal atrophy in several TPN models. However, it remains unclear whether these 2 factors use distinct or overlapping signaling pathways to improve IEC responses. We investigated the interaction of GLP-2 and EGF signaling in a mouse TPN model and in patients deprived of enteral nutrition. Methods: Adult C57BL/6J, IEC-Egfrknock out (KO) and IEC-pik3r1KO mice receiving TPN or enteral nutrition were treated with EGF or GLP-2 alone or in combination with reciprocal receptor inhibitors, GLP-2(3-33) or gefitinib. Jejunum was collected and mucosal atrophy and IEC responses were assessed by histologic, gene, and protein expression analyses. In patients undergoing planned looped ileostomies, fed and unfed ileum was analyzed. Results: Enteral nutrient deprivation reduced endogenous EGF and GLP-2 signaling in mice and human beings. In the mouse TPN model, exogenous EGF or GLP-2 attenuated mucosal atrophy and restored IEC proliferation. The beneficial effects of EGF and GLP-2 were decreased upon Gefitinib treatment and in TPN-treated IEC-EgfrKO mice, showing epidermal growth factorâreceptor dependency for these IEC responses. By contrast, in TPN-treated IEC-pi3kr1KO mice, the beneficial actions of EGF were lost, although GLP-2 still attenuated mucosal atrophy. Conclusions: Upon enteral nutrient deprivation, exogenous GLP-2 and EGF show strong interdependency for improving IEC responses. Understanding the differential requirements for phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/phosphoAKT (Ser473) signaling may help improve future therapies to prevent mucosal atrophy. Keywords: Total Parenteral Nutrition, EGF, GLP-2, EGFR, PI3K, Mucosal Atroph

Interdependency of EGF and GLP-2 Signaling in Attenuating Mucosal Atrophy in a Mouse Model of Parenteral Nutrition

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Total parenteral nutrition (TPN), a crucial treatment for patients who cannot receive enteral nutrition, is associated with mucosal atrophy, barrier dysfunction, and infectious complications. Glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) improve intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) responses and attenuate mucosal atrophy in several TPN models. However, it remains unclear whether these 2 factors use distinct or overlapping signaling pathways to improve IEC responses. We investigated the interaction of GLP-2 and EGF signaling in a mouse TPN model and in patients deprived of enteral nutrition. METHODS: Adult C57BL/6J, IEC-Egfrknock out (KO) and IEC-pik3r1KO mice receiving TPN or enteral nutrition were treated with EGF or GLP-2 alone or in combination with reciprocal receptor inhibitors, GLP-2(3-33) or gefitinib. Jejunum was collected and mucosal atrophy and IEC responses were assessed by histologic, gene, and protein expression analyses. In patients undergoing planned looped ileostomies, fed and unfed ileum was analyzed. RESULTS: Enteral nutrient deprivation reduced endogenous EGF and GLP-2 signaling in mice and human beings. In the mouse TPN model, exogenous EGF or GLP-2 attenuated mucosal atrophy and restored IEC proliferation. The beneficial effects of EGF and GLP-2 were decreased upon Gefitinib treatment and in TPN-treated IEC-EgfrKO mice, showing epidermal growth factor–receptor dependency for these IEC responses. By contrast, in TPN-treated IEC-pi3kr1KO mice, the beneficial actions of EGF were lost, although GLP-2 still attenuated mucosal atrophy. CONCLUSIONS: Upon enteral nutrient deprivation, exogenous GLP-2 and EGF show strong interdependency for improving IEC responses. Understanding the differential requirements for phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/phosphoAKT (Ser473) signaling may help improve future therapies to prevent mucosal atrophy

Iron Metabolism Regulates p53 Signaling through Direct Heme-p53 Interaction and Modulation of p53 Localization, Stability, and Function

Iron excess is closely associated with tumorigenesis in multiple types of human cancers, with underlying mechanisms yet unclear. Recently, iron deprivation has emerged as a major strategy for chemotherapy, but it exerts tumor suppression only on select human malignancies. Here, we report that the tumor suppressor protein p53 is downregulated during iron excess. Strikingly, the iron polyporphyrin heme binds to p53 protein, interferes with p53-DNA interactions, and triggers both nuclear export and cytosolic degradation of p53. Moreover, in a tumorigenicity assay, iron deprivation suppressed wild-type p53-dependent tumor growth, suggesting that upregulation of wild-type p53 signaling underlies the selective efficacy of iron deprivation. Our findings thus identify a direct link between iron/heme homeostasis and the regulation of p53 signaling, which not only provides mechanistic insights into iron-excess-associated tumorigenesis but may also help predict and improve outcomes in iron-deprivation-based chemotherapy

Error compensation for form errors of plate beamsplitter in near optical coaxial phase measuring deflectometry with reflection error model

The near optical coaxial phase measuring deflectometry (NCPMD) is one of the phase measuring deflectometry (PDM) techniques which is typically used for specular surface form measurement. The NCPMD utilizing a plate beamsplitter to folding the optical axis of display screen to make it close to the optical axis of the imaging system which makes the system more compact and has significantly reduced volume compared with the traditional PMD configuration. The NCPDM can achieve compact configuration, light weight, and reduce measurement error caused by structure shadows of the off-axis configuration of traditional PDM. However, the plate beamsplitter will lead measurement errors to the NCPMD system due to the beamsplitter will inevitably inherited certain form errors on the two surfaces during manufacturing process. In this paper, a reflection error model of the NCPMD system is proposed, and the measurement error caused by the reflection effect of the plate beamsplitter is determined by considering the influence of the unevenness of the upper and lower surfaces of the plate beamsplitter. Simulation studies show that the proposed reflection model can accurately determine the measurement errors caused by the form errors of the beamsplitter, which can be effectively used for subsequent error compensation