Signatures of Ultralight Bosons in Compact Binary Inspiral and Outspiral

Ultralight bosons are well-motivated particles from various physical and cosmological theories, and can be spontaneously produced during the superradiant process, forming a dense hydrogen-like cloud around the spinning black hole. After the growth saturates, the cloud slowly depletes its mass through gravitational-wave emission. In this work we study the orbit dynamics of a binary system containing such a gravitational atom saturated in various spin-0,1,2 superradiant states, taking into account both the effects of dynamical friction and the cloud mass depletion. We estimate the significance of mass depletion, finding that although dynamical friction could dominate the inspiral phase, it typically does not affect the outspiral phase driven by the mass depletion. Focusing on the large orbit radius, we investigate the condition to observe the outspiral, and the detectability of the cloud via pulsar-timing signal in the case of black hole-pulsar binary.Comment: 16 pages, 8 figure

A Bayesian adaptive marker‐stratified design for molecularly targeted agents with customized hierarchical modeling

It is well known that the treatment effect of a molecularly targeted agent (MTA) may vary dramatically, depending on each patient's biomarker profile. Therefore, for a clinical trial evaluating MTA, it is more reasonable to evaluate its treatment effect within different marker subgroups rather than evaluating the average treatment effect for the overall population. The marker‐stratified design (MSD) provides a useful tool to evaluate the subgroup treatment effects of MTAs. Under the Bayesian framework, the beta‐binomial model is conventionally used under the MSD to estimate the response rate and test the hypothesis. However, this conventional model ignores the fact that the biomarker used in the MSD is, in general, predictive only for the MTA. The response rates for the standard treatment can be approximately consistent across different subgroups stratified by the biomarker. In this paper, we proposed a Bayesian hierarchical model incorporating this biomarker information into consideration. The proposed model uses a hierarchical prior to borrow strength across different subgroups of patients receiving the standard treatment and, therefore, improve the efficiency of the design. Prior informativeness is determined by solving a “customized” equation reflecting the physician's professional opinion. We developed a Bayesian adaptive design based on the proposed hierarchical model to guide the treatment allocation and test the subgroup treatment effect as well as the predictive marker effect. Simulation studies and a real trial application demonstrate that the proposed design yields desirable operating characteristics and outperforms the existing designs

Resource scheduling of workflow multi-instance migration based on the shuffled leapfrog algorithm

Purpose: When the workflow changed, resource scheduling optimization in the process of the current running instance migration has become a hot issue in current workflow flexible research; purpose of the article is to investigate the resource scheduling problem of workflow multi-instance migration. Design/methodology/approach: The time and cost relationships between activities and resources in workflow instance migration process are analyzed and a resource scheduling optimization model in the process of workflow instance migration is set up; Research is performed on resource scheduling optimization in workflow multi-instance migration, leapfrog algorithm is adopted to obtain the optimal resource scheduling scheme. An example is given to verify the validity of the model and the algorithm. Findings: Under the constraints of resource cost and quantity, an optimal resource scheduling scheme for workflow migration is found, ensuring a minimal running time and optimal cost. Originality/value: A mathematical model for resource scheduling of workflow multi-instance migration is built and the shuffled leapfrog algorithm is designed to solve the model.Peer Reviewe

Characterization of anti-leukemia components from Indigo naturalis using comprehensive two-dimensional K562/cell membrane chromatography and in silico target identification.

Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has been developed for thousands of years and has formed an integrated theoretical system based on a large amount of clinical practice. However, essential ingredients in TCM herbs have not been fully identified, and their precise mechanisms and targets are not elucidated. In this study, a new strategy combining comprehensive two-dimensional K562/cell membrane chromatographic system and in silico target identification was established to characterize active components from Indigo naturalis, a famous TCM herb that has been widely used for the treatment of leukemia in China, and their targets. Three active components, indirubin, tryptanthrin and isorhamnetin, were successfully characterized and their anti-leukemia effects were validated by cell viability and cell apoptosis assays. Isorhamnetin, with undefined cancer related targets, was selected for in silico target identification. Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase (Src) was identified as its membrane target and the dissociation constant (Kd) between Src and isorhamnetin was 3.81 μM. Furthermore, anti-leukemia effects of isorhamnetin were mediated by Src through inducing G2/M cell cycle arrest. The results demonstrated that the integrated strategy could efficiently characterize active components in TCM and their targets, which may bring a new light for a better understanding of the complex mechanism of herbal medicines

A Three-Dimensional Tight-Binding Model and Magnetic Instability of KFe2e2

For a newly discovered iron-based high T_c superconducting parent material KFe2Se2, we present an effective three-dimensional five-orbital tight-binding model by fitting the band structures. The three t2g-symmetry orbitals of the five Fe 3d orbitals mainly contribute to the electron-like Fermi surface, in agreement with recent angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy experiments. To understand the groundstate magnetic structure, the two- and three-dimensional dynamical spin susceptibilities within the random phase approximation are investigated. It obviously shows a sharp peak at wave vector $\mathbf{Q}$ $\thicksim$ ($\pi$, $\pi$), indicating the magnetic instability of {\it N$\acute{e}$el}-type antiferromagnetic rather than ($\pi$/2, $\pi$/2)-type antiferromagnetic ordering. While along \emph{c} axis, it exhibits a ferromagnetic coupling between the nearest neighboring FeSe layers. The difference between the present results and the experimental observation in KxFe2-ySe2 is attributed to the presence of Fe vacancy in the latter.Comment: 14 pages, 8 figure

Wogonoside exerts potential anti-tumor activity against bladder cancer in vivo and in vitro via regulation of GSK3β/ERK/AKT signaling pathway

Purpose: To explore the antitumor activity of wogonoside on bladder cancer, and its underlying mechanism of action. Methods: Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay was applied to evaluate the anti-proliferative activity of wogonoside (2 - 128 μM) against bladder cancer 5637 cell line at different times, and the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) was measured. The antitumor activity of wogonoside (30 mg/kg, i.p.) against bladder cancer 5637 cell line was confirmed via in vivo experiments on nude mice bearing human bladder cancer 5637 cells. Additionally, western blotting assay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used to investigate expression levels of caspase-3, caspase-9, B cell lymphoma/leukemia-2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2 associated X protein (Bax), phosphorylated (p)-glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3β, p-extracellular signal-regulated kinases (p-ERK), and p-(protein kinase B) AKT. Results: The in vitro results reveal that wogonoside has remarkable anti-proliferative activity against bladder cancer 5637 cells with IC50 of 20.59 μM, in a concentration-and time-dependent manner. Furthermore, wogonoside treatment also suppressed tumor volume of nude mice bearing bladder cancer 5637 cell (p < 0.01). The potential mechanisms seems to be mainly associated with apoptosis mediated by mitochondria via up-regulation of caspase-3, caspase-9, and Bax levels, and downregulation of Bcl-2, p-GSK-3β, p-ERK, and p-AKT. Conclusion: The results reveal that wogonoside possesses anti-tumor potentials against bladder cancer. Further translational studies are warranted to test the clinical application of this medicinal agent in bladder cancer