13,162 research outputs found
Determining the Nonperturbative Collins-Soper Kernel From Lattice QCD
At small transverse momentum , transverse-momentum dependent parton
distribution functions (TMDPDFs) arise as genuinely nonperturbative objects
that describe Drell-Yan like processes in hadron collisions as well as
semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering. TMDPDFs naturally depend on the
hadron momentum, and the associated evolution is determined by the
Collins-Soper equation. For the corresponding
evolution kernel (or anomalous dimension) is nonperturbative and must be
determined as an independent ingredient in order to relate TMDPDFs at different
scales. We propose a method to extract this kernel using lattice QCD and the
Large-Momentum Effective Theory, where the physical TMD correlation involving
light-like paths is approximated by a quasi TMDPDF, defined using equal-time
correlation functions with a large-momentum hadron state. The kernel is
determined from a ratio of quasi TMDPDFs extracted at different hadron momenta.Comment: 9 pages, 2 figures; v2: extended the review of TMDPDF commonalities,
version submitted to PRD; v3: minor changes, journal versio
Proximity Effect in Nb/Au/CoFe Trilayers
We have investigated the superconducting critical temperatures of Nb/Au/CoFe
trilayers as a function of Au and CoFe thicknesses. Without the CoFe layer the
superconducting critical temperatures of Nb/Au bilayers as a function of Au
thickness follow the well-known proximity effect between a superconductor and a
normal metal. The superconducting critical temperatures of Nb/Au/CoFe trilayers
as a function of Au thickness exhibit a rapid initial increase in the small Au
thickness region and increase slowly to a limiting value above this region,
accompanied by a small oscillation of Tc. On the other hand, the
superconducting critical temperatures of Nb/Au/CoFe trilayers as a function of
CoFe thickness show non-monotonic behavior with a shallow dip feature. We
analyzed the Tc behavior in terms of Usadel formalism and found that most
features are consistent with the theory, although the small oscillation of Tc
as a function of the Au thickness cannot be accounted for. We have also found
quantitative values for the two interfaces: Nb/Au and Au/CoFe.Comment: 25 pages, 6 figure
Chemical Hardness, Linear Response, and Pseudopotential Transferability
We propose a systematic method of analyzing pseudopotential transferability
based on linear-response properties of the free atom, including self-consistent
chemical hardness and polarizability. Our calculation of hardness extends the
approach of Teter\cite{teter} not only by including self-consistency, but also
by generalizing to non-diagonal hardness matrices, thereby allowing us to test
for transferability to non-spherically symmetric environments. We apply the
method to study the transferability of norm-conserving pseudopotentials for a
variety of elements in the Periodic Table. We find that the self-consistent
corrections are frequently significant, and should not be neglected. We prove
that the partial-core correction improves the pseudopotential hardness of
alkali metals considerably. We propose a quantity to represent the average
hardness error and calculate this quantity for many representative elements as
a function of pseudopotential cutoff radii. We find that the atomic
polarizabilities are usually well reproduced by the norm-conserving
pseudopotentials. Our results provide useful guidelines for making optimal
choices in the pseudopotential generation procedure.Comment: Revtex (preprint style, 33 pages) + 9 postscript figures A version in
two-column article style with embedded figures is available at
http://electron.rutgers.edu/~dhv/preprints/index.html#l
Comparison of Material Properties and Microstructure of Specimens Built Using the 3D Systems Vanguard HS and Vanguard HiQ+HSSLS Systems
The HiQ upgrade to the 3D Systems Vanguard selective laser sintering (SLS) machine incorporates a revised thermal calibration system and new control software. The paper compares
the tensile modulus, tensile strength, elongation at break, flexural modulus, Izod impact resistance and microstructure of two batteries of standard specimens built from recycled Duraform
PA (Nylon 12). The first set is built on a Vanguard HS system and the second on the same
system with the HiQ upgrade installed. The upgrade reduces user intervention, decreases total build time and improves surface finish. However, using the default processing parameters,
tensile, flexure and impact properties are all found to decline after the upgrade is installed.Mechanical Engineerin
P-wave Pairing and Colossal Magnetoresistance in Manganese Oxides
We point out that the existing experimental data of most manganese oxides
show the {\sl frustrated} p-wave superconducting condensation in the
ferromagnetic phase in the sense that the superconducting coherence is not long
enough to cover the whole system. The superconducting state is similar to the
state in superfluid He-3. The sharp drop of resistivity, the steep jump
of specific heat, and the gap opening in tunneling are well understood in terms
of the p-wave pairing. In addition, colossal magnetoresistance (CMR) is
naturally explained by the superconducting fluctuations with increasing
magnetic fields. The finite resistivity may be due to some magnetic
inhomogeneities. This study leads to the possibility of room temperature
superconductivity.Comment: LaTex, 14 pages, For more information, please send me an e-mail.
e-mail adrress : [email protected]
Dynamic method to distinguish between left- and right-handed chiral molecules
We study quantum systems with broken symmetry that can be modelled as cyclic
three-level atoms with coexisting one- and two-photon transitions. They can be
selectively optically excited to any state. As an example, we show that left-
and right-handed chiral molecules starting in the same initial states can
evolve into different final states by a purely dynamic transfer process. That
means, left- and right-handed molecules can be distinguished purely
dynamically.Comment: 4 pages, submitted to Phys. Rev.
Lattice Boltzmann Approach to High-Speed Compressible Flows
We present an improved lattice Boltzmann model for high-speed compressible
flows. The model is composed of a discrete-velocity model by Kataoka and
Tsutahara [Phys. Rev. E \textbf{69}, 056702 (2004)] and an appropriate
finite-difference scheme combined with an additional dissipation term. With the
dissipation term parameters in the model can be flexibly chosen so that the von
Neumann stability condition is satisfied. The influence of the various model
parameters on the numerical stability is analyzed and some reference values of
parameter are suggested. The new scheme works for both subsonic and supersonic
flows with a Mach number up to 30 (or higher), which is validated by well-known
benchmark tests. Simulations on Riemann problems with very high ratios
() of pressure and density also show good accuracy and stability.
Successful recovering of regular and double Mach shock reflections shows the
potential application of the lattice Boltzmann model to fluid systems where
non-equilibrium processes are intrinsic. The new scheme for stability can be
easily extended to other lattice Boltzmann models.Comment: Figs.11 and 12 in JPEG format. Int. J. Mod. Phys. C (to appear
Ergodic property of Markovian semigroups on standard forms of von Neumann algebras
We give sufficient conditions for ergodicity of the Markovian semigroups
associated to Dirichlet forms on standard forms of von Neumann algebras
constructed by the method proposed in Refs. [Par1,Par2]. We apply our result to
show that the diffusion type Markovian semigroups for quantum spin systems are
ergodic in the region of high temperatures where the uniqueness of the
KMS-state holds.Comment: 25 page
Spin Polarisability of the Nucleon in the Heavy Baryon Effective Field Theory
We have constructed a heavy baryon effective field theory with photon as an
external field in accordance with the symmetry requirements similar to the
heavy quark effective field theory. By treating the heavy baryon and
anti-baryon equally on the same footing in the effective field theory, we have
calculated the spin polarisabilities of the nucleon at
third order and at fourth-order of the spin-dependent Compton scattering. At
leading order (LO), our results agree with the corresponding results of the
heavy baryon chiral perturbation theory, at the next-to-leading order(NLO) the
results show a large correction to the ones in the heavy baryon chiral
perturbation theory due to baryon-antibaryon coupling terms. The low energy
theorem is satisfied both at LO and at NLO. The contributions arising from the
heavy baryon-antibaryon vertex were found to be significant and the results of
the polarisabilities obtained from our theory is much closer to the
experimental data.Comment: 21pages, title changed, minimal correction
Influence of oxygen vacancy on the electronic structure of HfO film
We investigated the unoccupied part of the electronic structure of the
oxygen-deficient hafnium oxide (HfO) using soft x-ray absorption
spectroscopy at O and Hf edges. Band-tail states beneath the
unoccupied Hf 5 band are observed in the O -edge spectra; combined with
ultraviolet photoemission spectrum, this indicates the non-negligible
occupation of Hf 5 state. However, Hf -edge magnetic circular dichroism
spectrum reveals the absence of a long-range ferromagnetic spin order in the
oxide. Thus the small amount of electron gained by the vacancy formation
does not show inter-site correlation, contrary to a recent report [M.
Venkatesan {\it et al.}, Nature {\bf 430}, 630 (2004)].Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev.
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