Speed-Sensorless Induction Motor Drive with Unscented Kalman Filter Including the Estimations of Load Torque and Rotor Resistance

42nd Annual Conference of the IEEE-Industrial-Electronics-Society (IECON) -- OCT 24-27, 2016 -- Florence, ITALYWOS: 000399031203037In this paper, an unscented Kalman filter (UKF) based speed-sensorless vector control of induction motors (IMs) have been implemented for a wide speed range including zero speed. The proposed UKF simultaneously estimates stator stationary axis components of stator currents and rotor fluxes, rotor mechanical speed, load torque including viscous friction term, and rotor resistance. The effectiveness of the introduced UKF algorithm and thus the speed-sensorless IM drive are verified by computer simulations consisting of different challenging scenarios. From this point of view, it is the first speed-sensorless IM drive in the literature to utilize the UKF algorithm including the simultaneous estimations of stator currents, rotor fluxes, rotor mechanical speed, load torque including viscous friction term, and rotor resistance in simulation.IEEE Ind Elect Soc, Inst Elect & Elect EngineersNigde University Research Project UnitThis work is supported by Nigde University Research Project Unit under the research grant of FEB 2016/09-BAGEP

Childhood Rheumatic Diseases and COVID-19 Pandemic: An Intriguing Linkage and a New Horizon

As it is known, we are all in a pandemic situation due to a novel coronavirus, officially named "Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2" and the disease caused by the virus named "Coronavirus disease-2019". The virus seems to has propensity to infect older male individuals with underlying disease. The clinical features were on a large scale that varies from being an asymptomatic carrier to acute respiratory distress syndrome and multiorgan dysfunction. Fever, dry cough and fatigue are the most common symptoms. Not only, the disease seems to be rare and have a milder course in pediatric age but also respiratory failure, multiorgan dysfunction, and death are extremely rare. Although several comorbidities such as hypertension, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases are defined as a risk factor for developing the acute respiratory syndrome and need for intensive care; immune-compromised situations such as rheumatic disease which require immunosuppressive treatment strikingly are not found to be a risk factor for more severe disease course. However, there is a lack of data regarding the effects of "Coronavirus disease-2019" on pediatric patients with rheumatic diseases. Additionally, there are three controversial circumstances that patients with rheumatic diseases are believed to be more likely to have viral infections like "Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2", on the other hand, antirheumatic drugs may have a protective and therapeutic role in Coronavirus disease-2019 and children are more unlikely to have serious disease course. Therefore, we aimed to have a contributor role for explaining this conundrum and present a bird's eye view regarding this equivocal issue in this review

Autoinflammatory Diseases in Childhood

Autoinflammatory diseases are characterized by recurrent fevers and clinical findings of impaired natural immunity and can involve various organ systems. The concept of autoinflammatory disease emerged after the definition of familial Mediterranean fever and tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated periodic syndrome. This new disease group was considered to differ from the standard concept of autoimmune diseases, which is relatively better known in terms of basic features, such as defects in innate immunity and the absence of antibodies. A better understanding has been achieved regarding the genetic and pathogenetic mechanisms of this relatively new disease group over the past 20 years since they were first diagnosed, which have led to some changes in the concept of autoinflammatory diseases. The recent definition classifies autoinflammatory disease to be a wide range of diseases with different clinical features, mainly accompanied by changes in innate immune and rarely in humoral immunity. The spectrum of autoinflammatory diseases is rapidly expanding owing to recent developments in molecular sciences and genetics. This review article discusses the clinical features, classification criteria, treatment options, and long-term prognosis of periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis, adenitis syndrome, and other common autoinflammatory diseases in the light of current literature

A recently explored aspect of the iceberg named COVID-19: multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C)

Humanity has recently gained a novel foe named coronavirus disease 2019. Although data so far mostly suggest that children are more likely to have a favorable disease course, new concerns have been raised because of recently reported pediatric cases with hyperinflammatory conditions resembling Kawasaki disease, toxic shock syndrome, and macrophage activation syndrome/hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. Because the increasing evidence suggests that this recent hyperinflammatory condition emerged in the coronavirus disease 2019 era is a distinct clinical picture, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention named this novel disease multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children. Even if this novel disease is rare, it seems to be highly fatal. Therefore, it is urgent to understand the pathogenesis of the disease to be able to establish the appropriate treatment regimes. Concerns regarding the diagnostic process and the management of the disease have been raised even among pediatricians. Therefore, we aimed to clarify this newly occurring enigma based on the current literature and our clinical insights

Biologics in juvenile idiopathic arthritis-main advantages and major challenges: A narrative review

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most common rheumatic disease in childhood. The disease is divided in different subtypes based on main clinical features and disease course. Emergence of biological agents targeting specific pro-inflammatory cytokines responsible for the disease pathogenesis represents the revolution in the JIA treatment. Discovery and widespread usage of biological agents have led to significant improvement in JIA patients' treatment, with evidently increased functionality and decreased disease sequel. Increased risk of infections remains the main discussion topic for years. Despite the slightly increased frequency of upper respiratory tract infections reported in some studies, the general safety of drugs is acceptable with rare reports of severe adverse effects (SAEs). Tuberculosis (TBC) represents the important threat in regions with increased TBC prevalence. Therefore, routine screening for TBC should not be neglected when prescribing and during the follow-up of biological treatment. Malignancy represents a hypothetical complication that sometimes causes hesitations for physicians and patients in its prescription and usage. On the other hand, current reports from the literature do not support the increased risk for malignancy among JIA patients treated with biological agents. A multidisciplinary approach including a pediatric rheumatologist and an infectious disease specialist is mandatory in the follow-up of JIA patients. Although the efficacy and safety of biological agents have been proven in different studies, there is still a need for long-term, multicentric evaluation providing relevant data

The Cause of Unexpected Acute Abdomen and Intra-Abdominal Hemorrhage in 24-Week Pregnant Woman: Bochdalek Hernia

Bochdalek hernia (BH) is the most common type of congenital diaphragm hernia and is rarely seen in adults. In adult patients, BH often remains asymptomatic or presents with nondiagnostic symptoms and may lead to complications, though rarely. The necrosis and perforations occurring in the hernia may lead to mortality. In this report, we present a 34-year-old pregnant woman at 24 gestational weeks who presented with Bochdalek hernia causing gastric volvulus associated with perforation and intra-abdominal hemorrhage associated with splenic rupture

Rotor Speed and Load Torque Estimations of Induction Motors via LSTM Network

In this study, a long short-term memory (LSTM) based estimator using rotating axis components of the stator voltages and currents as inputs is designed to perform estimations of rotor mechanical speed and load torque values of the induction motor (IM) for electrical vehicle (EV) applications. For this aim, first of all, an indirect vector controlled IM drive is implemented in simulation to collect both training and test datasets. After the initial training, a fine-tuning process is applied to increase the robustness of the proposed LSTM network. Furthermore, the LSTM parameters, layer size, and hidden size are also optimised to increase the estimation performance. The proposed LSTM network is tested under two different challenging scenarios including the operation of the IM with linear and step-like load torque changes in a single direction and in both directions. To force the proposed LSTM network, it is also tested under the variation of stator and rotor resistances for the both-direction scenario. The obtained results confirm the highly satisfactory estimation performance of the proposed LSTM network and its applicability for the EV applications of the IMs