Fixed point theorems in p−summable symmetric n−cone normed sequence spaces

In this study fixed point theorems and related concepts in summable symmetric cone normed sequence spaces are investigated.Publisher's Versio

Impact of capsella bursa-pastoris (Shepherd’s Purse) herbal tea preparations on symptoms and severity of hemorrhoidal disease: A prospective randomized study

Objectives: Medicinal herbs have been used to treat hemorrhoidal disease for centuries. Given its anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms, Capsella bursa-pastoris (Shepherd’s purse) may potentially lead to regression of the hemorrhoidal plexuses. In this context, the objective of this study is to investigate the effect of Capsella bursa-pastoris, an affordable and easy-to-use herbal medicine, on the severity and physical examination findings of hemorrhoidal disease in patients, who receive conventional treatment for hemorrhoids. Material-Method: This study was designed as a prospective, randomized study. The population of the study comprised symptomatic patients who presented with second and third-degree hemorrhoids to the Internal Medicine and General Surgery departments of Istanbul Medipol University Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey, between October 2021 and February 2022. The patients were randomized into two groups: the control group, that is, the group of patients, who were to receive conservative treatment only for three months, and the study group, that is, the group of patients who were to receive conservative treatment and use herbal tea preparations of Capsella bursa-pastoris for three months. Demographic (age and gender) and baseline and 3-month clinical characteristics were recorded. The study's primary outcome was the changes observed in the symptoms and physical examination findings of hemorrhoidal disease in the study group relative to those in the control group. Results: The study sample consisted of a total of 218 patients, who were randomized into the study and control groups, with 109 patients in each group. Significantly older patients were seen in Group CT (39.5 ± 14.6 and 35.5 ± 11.7 years, p=0.030). There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of other characteristics (p>0.05). At the 3rd-month follow-up examination, it was determined that there were significantly fewer patients with bleeding and difficulty during defecation in the study group compared to the control group (p=0.001 for both cases). Patients in the study group had significantly lower VAS scores for pain and the number of affected quadrants compared to those in the control group (p<0.001 for both cases). The proportion of patients with Grade II and III hemorrhoidal disease was significantly lower in the study group. Conclusion: The findings of this study, which revealed significant improvements in the symptoms and physical examination findings of hemorrhoidal disease, suggest that the use of Capsella bursa-pastoris herbal tea may benefit patients with symptomatic hemorrhoids

Sharenting: Kavramsal bir çözümleme

Sharenting, ebeveynin çocuğa ait içerikleri dijital ortamlarda paylaşmasıdır. Kavram oluşumu itibariyle İngilizcede paylaşma anlamına gelen “sharing” ve ebeveynlik anlamına gelen “parenting” sözcüklerinin birleşimiyle oluşturulmuştur. Kavramın Türkçe karşılığı bulunmamaktadır. “Sharenting” kavramına ilişkin çalışmalar 2012 yılında başlamakla birlikte ilk akademik çalışma 2015 yılında yapılmıştır. Türkiye’de kavrama ilişkin yapılan ilk çalışma 2016 yılında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Sharenting; yeni, güncel ve popüler bir kavramdır. Ebeveynler farklı gerekçelerle sharenting davranışında bulunmaktadır. Sharenting, ebeveynlere çeşitli imkânlar sunan bir davranış olmakla birlikte etik ve ahlaki açıdan doğru şekilde yapılandırılmadığında çocuk açısından ciddi riskler ve sorunlar taşımaktadır. Çocuğun dijital ortamlarda korunmasında ulusal ve uluslararası mevzuatlar ve yasal düzenlemeler ebeveynleri sorumlu tutmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı ilgili alanyazın çerçevesinde sharenting kavramının tanımlamak ve kavramın gelişim sürecini açıklamak, ebeveynlerin sharenting davranışını gerçekleştirme nedenlerini ifade etmek, sharenting davranışının yarattığı sorunları ele almak ve ulusal ve uluslararası yasal mevzuatlar çerçevesinde sharenting davranışını irdelemektir

Effects of oral selenium replacement on TSH in patients with subclinic hipotiroidism with low serum selenium levels

AMAÇ: Selenyum insan vücudunun önemli metabolik yolaklarının vazgeçilmez bir bileşenidir. Aktif bölgesine selenosistein şeklinde selenyum katılmış proteinler, selenoproteinler olarak tanımlanmaktadır ve bu proteinlerin fonksiyonlarını yerine getirmeleri için selenyuma gereksinimleri vardır. Selenyum elementi, Glutatyonperoksidaz (GPXs), Tioredoksinredüktaz (TRs) ve iyodotironindeiyodinaz (İD) gibi selenoproteinlerin yapısında bulunmaktadır. Selenoproteinler, tiroid hormon biyosentezine ve metabolizmasına, antioksidan savunma sisteminin kontrolüne katkı sağlamaktadır. Çalışmamızda subklinik hipotiroidisi olan otoimmün tiroidit hastalarına selenyum düşüklüğünün ne sıklıkla eşlik ettiğini ve selenyumu düşük olan hastalarda oral selenyum replasmanının tiroit stimülan hormon (TSH) üzerine etkilerini ortaya koymayı hedefledik.GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM: Çalışmamızda Aralık 2019 ile Temmuz 2020 aralığında 18 yaşından büyük olup polikliniğimize başvurmuş olan, asemptomatik subklinik hipotiroidisi olan 69 hastayı değerlendirdik. Serum selenyum düzeyi 80 μg/L’den düşük olan hastalara 3 ay süre ile yumuşak bir jel kapsül içinde oral yolla günde 83 mcg selenometiyonin verildi. Başka bir tedavi uygulanmadı. Üçüncü ayın sonunda tüm hastalarda serum tiroid hormon profiline ve selenyum seviyelerine bakıldı. Subklinik hipotiroidisi olan otoimmün tiroiditli hastaların, yüzdelik dilimler kullanılarak, oral selenyum replasmanı sonrası TSH seviyelerindeki değişiklikler gözlemlendi.BULGULAR: Çalışmamızda Aralık 2019 ile Temmuz 2020 arasında polikliniğimizde tespit edilen 69 asemptomatik subklinik hipotiroidisi olan hasta değerlendirildi. Çalışma kriterlerine uyumlu 43 hastanın 12 tanesinde (%28) serum selenyum düzeyi normal, 31 (%72) tanesinde serum selenyum düzeyi düşük (<80 μg/L) olarak tespit edildi. Üç ay boyunca günlük 83 mcg selenometiyonin oral selenyum replasman tedavisi verilen hastaların 19 (%61)’unda TSH değerinin normal sınırlar içerisine gerilediği görüldü (0,5mIU/L10.00 mIU/L) tespit edilirken, 9 (%29) hastada ise TSH değerinin halen 4.26 mIU/L- 10.00 mIU/L aralığında olduğu görülerek bu hastlara levotiroksin tedavisi başlandı.SONUÇ: Çalışmamızda selenyum eksikliği bulunan asemptomatik otoimmün subklinik hipotiroidi hastalarına oral selenyum replasmanı yaparak, serum TSH değerleri üzerindeki kısa dönem etkilerini değerlendirdik ve hastaların %61 inin 3 ay içerisinde ötiroid olduğunu gözlemledik. Selenyum eksikliğinin replase edilmesinin, teorik anlamda otoimmün tiroidit başta olmak üzere tüm otoimmün hastalıkların inflamatuar ve oksidatif hasar sürecine olan olumlu etkileri mevcuttur. Ancak bu konuda deneysel ve klinik prospektif planlanmış ve alt grupların detaylandırıldığı kapsamlı çalışmaların yapılması gerektiğini düşünüyoruz.OBJECTIVE: Selenium is an essential component of important metabolic pathways of the human body. Proteins in which selenium is added to the active site in the form of selenocysteine are defined as selenoproteins and they require selenium to fulfill their functions. Glutathioneperoxidase (GPXs) is found in such selenoproteins as Thioredoxinreductase (TRs) and Iodothyroninedeiodinase (ID). Selenoproteins contribute to thyroid hormone biosynthesis and metabolism and the control of the antioxidant defence system. In our study, we aimed to reveal how often patients with subclinical hypothyroidism and autoimmune thyroiditis are accompanied by low serum selenium level and the effects of oral selenium replacement on Tiroit Stimulating Hormone (TSH) in patients with low selenium.MATERIAL AND METHODS: In our study, we evaluated 69 patients who were with asymptomatic subclinical hypothyroidism and aged older than 18 and who applied admitted to our outpatient/out-patient clinic between December 2019 and July 2020. Patients with serum selenium levels lower than 80 μg / L were given 83 mcg of selenomethionine in a soft gel capsule for 3 months. No other treatment was applied. At the end of the third month, serum thyroid hormone profile and selenium levels were measured in all patients. Changes in TSH levels were observed in patients with autoimmune thyroiditis with subclinical hypothyroidism after oral selenium replacement by using percentiles.RESULTS: In our study, 69 patients with asymptomatic subclinical hypothyroidism diagnosed in our outpatient clinic between December 2019 and July 2020 were evaluated. Serum selenium level was identified as normal in 12 (28%) of 43 patients, and serum selenium level was identified as low (<80 μg / L) in 31 (72%) patients. TSH values were found as regressed within normal limits (0,5mIU/L 10.00 mIU / L) in 3 (10%) patients, the TSH value was identified as still in the range of 4.26 mIU / L-10.00 mIU / L in 9 (29%) patients and levothyroxine treatment was started in these patients.CONCLUSIONS: In our study, we evaluated the short-term effects of oral selenium replacement in asymptomatic autoimmune subclinical hypothyroid patients with selenium deficiency, on serum TSH values and we observed that 61% of patients were euthyroid within 3 months. Replacing selenium deficiency has positive effects on the inflammatory and oxidative damage processes of all autoimmune diseases, especially autoimmune thyroiditis. However, we think that experimental and clinical comprehensive studies, which are detailed in sub-groups, should be conducted on this subject

Development of a chemogenetic approach to manipulate intracellular pH

Chemogenetic Operation of iNTRacellular prOton Levels(pH-Control)is a novel substrate-based enzymatic method that enables precise spatiotemporalcontrol of ultralocal acidification in cultured cell lines and primaryneurons. The genetically encoded biosensor SypHer3s showed that pH-Controleffectively acidifies cytosolic, mitochondrial, and nuclear pH exclusivelyin the presence of beta-chloro-d-alanine in living cellsin a concentration-dependent manner. The pH-Control approach is promisingfor investigating the ultralocal pH imbalance associated with manydiseases.CE254SWXHI ; NN254SWPZX ; CP254SWT2

Nitric oxide biosensor uncovers diminished ferrous iron-dependency of cultured cells adapted to physiological oxygen levels

Iron is an essential metal for cellular metabolism and signaling, but it has adverse effects in excess. The physiological consequences of iron deficiency are well established, yet the relationship between iron supplementation and pericellular oxygen levels in cultured cells and their downstream effects on metalloproteins has been less explored. This study exploits the metalloprotein geNOps in cultured HEK293T epithelial and EA.hy926 endothelial cells to test the iron-dependency in cells adapted to standard room air (18 kPa O2) or physiological normoxia (5 kPa O2). We show that cells in culture require iron supplementation to activate the metalloprotein geNOps and demonstrate for the first time that cells adapted to physiological normoxia require significantly lower iron compared to cells adapted to hyperoxia. This study establishes an essential role for recapitulating oxygen levels in vivo and uncovers a previously unrecognized requirement for ferrous iron supplementation under standard cell culture conditions to achieve geNOps functionality.Integration Projects of Sabanci University ; Heart Research U.K. ; British Heart Foundation ; European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) ; King's Together Strategic Awar

The historical development of Islamic religious education in germany and the matter of curriculum

Makalede önce Almanya’da Müslüman çocuklarına okutulmakta olan İslâm Din Derslerinin başlangıcından günümüze kısa tarihçesi ve hukuki süreci anlatılmaktadır. Sonra Alman okullarında İslâm Din Dersi okutulmasının gerekli hale gelmesi ve ilk uygulamalardan bahsedilmektedir. Üçüncü aşamada, Alman okullarındaki İslâm Din Dersleri uygulamasının son ve mevcut durumu hakkında bilgi verilmektedir. “İslâm Din Dersleri Modelleri” başlığı altında; Almanya’nın bazı eyaletlerinde İslâm Din Derslerinin okutulmaya başlaması söz konusu edilmektedir. Makalenin sonuna doğru ise, Almanya’daki İslâm Din Derslerinin müfredatı hakkında genel bilgi verilmektedir. Makale bir sonuç değerlendirilmesi ile bitirilmektedir. Makalenin Ek’inde ise; Almanya’daki Türk / Müslüman çocuklarına ilk dört sınıfta okutulan İslâm Din Dersi müfredatının Almancası ve Türkçesi tablo halinde sunulmaktadır.First, this article briefly describes the historical development of Islamic religious education in Germany and its legal requirements. After that, the issues are discussed which explain the Islamic religious instruction in German schools as necessary. It is presented a comprehensive overview of the pilot projects carried out for Islamic religious instruction. Following the current situation in Germany is presented; particularly which models currently are used in Germany. Under the title "Models of Islamic religious instruction" these different models are shown in the federal states. Furthermore, the curricula, which are in circulation or in a modified version, were mentioned briefly. The Article concludes with an common evaluation. In the appendix of the article, a curriculum is pictured, which takes place in some federal states and is in use in a modified form in further federal states in Germany

Analysing organisational culture and social behaviour patterns: An exploratory case study

The present study aims to propose a model suitable for Turkish organizational culture using observations, a qualitative research method. The reason behind this is that observation is frequently used in ethnographic studies, i.e. studies analyzing culture. An ethnographic study revealed the foundation of the organizational culture of the observed ABC firm. These factors can be listed as fear, fear-driven paternalism, pressure, silence, intimidation, ennui, insensitivity, and apathy and gossiping. It is possible to say that an abusive level of productivity is aimed at the organization and an authoritarian understanding of management

Pre-service Social Studies Teachers’ Views about Reflection of Technology on Values

Differentatition of the tools has been effecting human life in every area since they first formed a blade from a piece of flint. Technology extends human potential by allowing them to do things they couldn’t otherwise do. As time passed, they became more sophisticated at making tools and learned to put different parts together to improve existings and to create new technologies. To understand technology better, it must be put into a broad context and be interpreted together with social, cultural and environmental issues. Technology effects the society and the society effects technology, and they go hand in hand. Over the course of time, technology has become and increasingly larger part of people’s lives. People live in apartments, work and shop in large buildings, eat prepared foods, use television and Internet for communication and travel by vehicles, so we can say that people occupy a technological world and the world has become a virtual platform(ITEA, 2007). Technology’s effects are widely regarded as desirable but sometimes it has negative effects both on physical and social environment. Traditional ways of life have been displaced by technological development and as the pace of technological change continues to increase, questions arise as to whether society can effectively keep up with the changes (ITEA, 2007). People take the advantages of technology with rapid changes in production systems, but criticism is also voiced against the monotony of human life, people’s emotional deprivation and the extensive loss in the viability of valuable things in societal life (Çelikcan, 2011, p.168). Technological development also tends to magnify the inequalities among people and among societies by creating a situation in which a minority of people control and use a majority of the world’s resources (ITEA, 2007). Such factors make it important that desicions be made by individuals and societies with care about any technology.There are lots of options in dealing with technology and decisions about technology represent the individual’s and society’s values. The values and beliefs of societies also shape their attitudes toward technology. Social and cultural priorities and values are reflected in technological devices and systems. In this context, people need to be educated as technologically literated and technorealist individuals. Sociologists have stated that there are two opposite opinions, technological determinism and technological pessimism, as to the effects of technology to society and, technorealism is an opinion which defends that we must use the technology as appropriate to our values