Nonparametric false discovery rate control for identifying simultaneous signals

It is frequently of interest to jointly analyze multiple sequences of multiple tests in order to identify simultaneous signals, defined as features tested in multiple studies whose test statistics are non-null in each. In many problems, however, the null distributions of the test statistics may be complicated or even unknown, and there do not currently exist any procedures that can be employed in these cases. This paper proposes a new nonparametric procedure that can identify simultaneous signals across multiple studies even without knowing the null distributions of the test statistics. The method is shown to asymptotically control the false discovery rate, and in simulations had excellent power and error control. In an analysis of gene expression and histone acetylation patterns in the brains of mice exposed to a conspecific intruder, it identified genes that were both differentially expressed and next to differentially accessible chromatin. The proposed method is available in the R package github.com/sdzhao/ssa

Li-diffusion accelerates grain growth in intercalation electrodes: a phase-field study

Grain boundary migration is driven by the boundary's curvature and external loads such as temperature and stress. In intercalation electrodes an additional driving force results from Li-diffusion. That is, Li-intercalation induces volume expansion of the host-electrode, which is stored as elastic energy in the system. This stored energy is hypothesized as an additional driving force for grain boundaries and edge dislocations. Here, we apply the 2D Cahn-Hilliard$-$phase-field-crystal (CH-PFC) model to investigate the coupled interactions between highly mobile Li-ions and host-electrode lattice structure, during an electrochemical cycle. We use a polycrystalline FePO$_{4}$/ LiFePO$_{4}$ electrode particle as a model system. We compute grain growth in the FePO$_{4}$ electrode in two parallel studies: In the first study, we electrochemically cycle the electrode and calculate Li-diffusion assisted grain growth. In the second study, we do not cycle the electrode and calculate the curvature-driven grain growth. External loads, such as temperature and stress, did not differ across studies. We find the mean grain-size increases by $\sim11\%$ in the electrochemically cycled electrode particle. By contrast, in the absence of electrochemical cycling, we find the mean grain-size increases by $\sim2\%$ in the electrode particle. These CH-PFC computations suggest that Li-intercalation accelerates grain-boundary migration in the host-electrode particle. The CH-PFC simulations provide atomistic insights on diffusion-induced grain-boundary migration, edge dislocation movement and triple-junction drag-effect in the host-electrode microstructure.Comment: 11 pages, 9 figure

Multiple hypothesis testing and RNA-seq differential expression analysis accounting for dependence and relevant covariates

This dissertation is a collection of four papers on the development of statistical methods for the analysis of high-dimensional data, mostly RNA-seq gene expression data. We introduce in the first two papers two covariate-selection strategies for RNA-seq analysis. As in any experiment or observational study, covariates may hold information about heterogeneity of the experimental or observational units used in the investigation. Either ignoring relevant covariates or accounting for irrelevant covariates may be detrimental to RNA-seq analysis. We show through simulation that our methods outperform methods that do not take covariate selection into account. Next, we develop in the third paper a parametric bootstrap algorithm to analyze RNA-seq datasets from repeated measures designs. In such designs, RNA samples are extracted from each experimental unit at multiple time points. The read counts that result from RNA sequencing of the samples extracted from the same experimental unit tend to be temporally correlated. Simulation studies show the advantages of our method over alternatives that do not account for correlation among observations within experimental units. Finally, we develop a new method to estimate and control false discovery rate (FDR) when identifying simultaneous signals in two independent experiments. Our FDR estimation and control procedure is a generalization of the histogram-based FDR estimation and control procedure for one experiment proposed by Nettleton et al. (2016); Liang and Nettleton (2012). We show that our method performs well and better than other existing methods both in theory and in simulation

System integration for a novel positioning system using a model based control approach

This dissertation presents a model-based approach to perform system integration of a novel positioning sensing method, termed \u27Direct Position Sensing.\u27 Direct Position Sensing can actively monitor the planar position changes of motion control devices without the dependency of the conventional position sensor combined with kinematic model to estimate the planar position. Instead, Direct Position Sensing uses the technology of computer vision and digital display to directly monitor the planar position displacement of a motion control device by actively tracking the desired position of the device based on the displayed target showed on the digital screen. The integration of the computer vision as the feedback system to the motion controller, introduces intermittency and latency in the controller\u27s feedback loop. In order to integrate the slower computer vision sensor to the motion controller, a model-based controller architecture, Smith Predictor approach was first implemented to the Direct Position Sensing system. The Smith Predictor uses a mathematical plant model that is running in parallel with the actual plant so that the model predicts the plant output when the actual output of the system is unavailable. Due to the intermittency feedback of the system, a path prediction algorithm was developed to minimize the model residual during the intermittent feedback so that the tracking performance of the system can be improved. Furthermore, a model input corrector was also developed to correct the control action to the plant model based on the model residual to enhance the path prediction. Simulations and hardware experiments results show that the model-based strategy provides improved tracking performance of the system when latency and intermittency exist in the controller feedback loop

Kajian Indeks Keupayaan Proses Bagi Taburan Taknormal

Pada zaman yang mencabar ini, penekanan terhadap kualiti merupakan pengurusan yang penting untuk memenuhi kehendak pelanggan dan seterusnya mengekalkan cabaran dan menguasai pasaran. Demi membaiki kualiti, produk dihasilkan bukan sahaja perlu mematuhi spesifikasi-spesifikasi bahkan pengurangan variasi di antara unit ke unit dan variasi daripada sasaran. In today's challenging world, quality management is a very important factor in satisfying customers' requirements, maintain the competitive edge and market share. In order to improve the quality of products, the variation between unit to unit and the variation from the target need to be reduced besides requiring the units to meet the specifications

Understanding gratitude: Starting from its conceptualisations.

The study of gratitude has been started since decades ago. This single word “gratitude” has been defined in many different ways. Apparently, this is rather confusing for new researchers to understand gratitude from diverse perspectives

Ownership Structure, Rent Seeking And Performance : Evidence From The Malaysian Manufacturing Sector (1994-2000) [HD1131. C559 2007 f rb].

Tesis ini mengkaji hubungkait antara struktur ekuiti dan nilai firma. Terdapat tiga objektif dalam kajian ini. This study addresses the relationship between ownership structure and firm value. There are three objectives in the study

Star Marketing

Perusahaan membutuhkan strategi untuk sukses dan berkembang, STAR Marketing merupakan konsep yang banyak membantu Perusahaan menjadi maju dan berkembang. Perusahaan perlu melakukan scan market area mereka dengan baik dan benar, selanjutnya diikuti dengan Perumusan strategi marketing yang efektif dan tertuang didalam marketing plan. Implementasi marketing plan sesuai dengan jadwal yang telah direncanakan juga sangatlah penting, rencana tanpa implementasi tidak akan memberikan hasil yang maksimal, oleh karena itu strategy marketing yang telah diimplementasi juga perlu direcheck untuk mengetahui efektivitas marketing plan yang telah dilaksanakan. Efektivitas marketing plan dapat diketahui dari perkembangan penjualan, merek menjadi semakin dikenal dan kepuasan pelanggan yang semakin meningkat. Perusahaan juga membutuhkan sistem yang baik, mudah diaplikasikan, mampu merekam semua aktivitas bisnis Perusahaan, efisiensi waktu, mampu mendeteksi kecurangan-kecurangan yang terjadi, mampu dijadikan sebagai standar operasional untuk melayani pelanggan Perusahaan, mampu dijadikan sebagai pedoman kerja bagi setiap staf dan pejabat Perusahaan serta mampu untuk mengetahui langganan Perusahaan dengan baik. Sistem dan Strategi yang baik membutuhkan sumber daya manusia yang berkualitas