Impact of fasting on human health during Ramadan

Ramadan fasting is a religious practice observed by millions of Muslims worldwide. Firstly, the experimental studies were searched on different websites like PubMed, Science direct, and google scholar to find out the latest research regarding Ramadan fasting. Studies have shown that Ramadan fasting influences body weight, blood glucose, insulin, lipid levels, and blood pressure. However, the effects of fasting on mental health and specific health conditions such as cardiovascular diseases, cancer or metabolic disorders vary depending on individual factors. Because, fasting duration, the presence of chronic diseases, and obesity are all factors that can alter the outcomes. Until now, Multiple studies on Ramadan fasting's impact on health have been conducted but certain limitations make the results inconclusive. We hope to gain a better understanding of the potential benefits and risks associated with this religious practice. Ultimately, this knowledge can be used to inform healthcare professionals and individuals who are participating in Ramadan fasting. Further research is necessary to explore underlying mechanisms and optimize fasting protocols for chronic disease patients. Overall, this review emphasizes the need for further research on the effects of Ramadan fasting on human health and its potential as a tool for improving health outcomes in diverse populations

A multicompetence approach to awakening dormant languages

This chapter explores a multicompetence approach to awaken dormant languages which allows learners to strategically use their dominant language(s) to facilitate learning their ancestral, target, language (Hirata-Edds & Peter, 2016). A multicompetence approach acknowledges the supportive role dominant languages can play in reawakening endangered languages with specific domains of use reserved exclusively for the more vulnerable target language (Garcia, 2009; Cenoz & Gorter, 2017; Bommelyn & Tuttle, 2018; Zahir, 2018). The longer-term goal can be to expand the target language beyond these domains while allowing the previously dominant language to remain welcome as a scaffold when needed. This approach views multilingualism as a holistic practice that promotes the goal of awakening a dormant language and avoids the stigma of codemeshing in language learning. This chapter first introduces current work in multicompetence and translanguaging approaches to language learning with particular focus on endangered and dormant language revitalization. We then describe two current examples that embrace multicompetence as a path to full bilingualism. Our first example describes the case of Myaamia language revitalization efforts (Baldwin et al., 2013) and our second example describes more recent initial efforts to revive the Ótissi language in Northern California (Yiamkis, 2020). The chapter concludes with some reflections on factors language activists may want to consider when evaluating whether this approach will be useful for them. Este capítulo explora un método de competencias múltiples para el despertar de una lengua que permite a los estudiantes usar su lengua dominante de manera estratégica para facilitar el aprendizaje de su lengua de herencia (Hirata-Edds & Peter, 2016). El método de competencias múltiples reconoce el apoyo que pueden ofrecer las lenguas dominantes a las lenguas que están despertando y que tienen dominios de uso reservados únicamente para la lengua más vulnerable (Garcia, 2009; Cenoz & Gorter, 2017; Bommelyn & Tuttle, 2018; Zahir, 2018). La meta a largo plazo puede ser de expandir el uso de la lengua meta más allá de esos dominios y de permitir al mismo tiempo que la lengua previamente dominante se use como andamio cuando se necesite. Este método percibe el multilingüismo como una práctica integral que promueve la meta de despertar una lengua y evita el estigma de la alternancia de código en el aprendizaje de una lengua. Este capítulo primero introduce trabajo reciente en competencias múltiples y en translingüismo enfocado en las lenguas en riesgo y en las lenguas dormidas. Describimos entonces dos ejemplos que incorporan la competencia múltiple a manera de vía hacia al bilingüismo completo. Nuestro primer ejemplo describe el caso de los esfuerzos de revitalización del Myaamia (Baldwin et al., 2013) y el segundo describe los esfuerzos recientes iniciales para despertar la lengua Ótissi de California del Norte (Yiamkis, 2020). Este capítulo concluye con algunas consideraciones acerca de los factores que los participantes del activismo lingüístico querrán considerar al evaluar si este método les sería de utilidad

VCU... Making Richmond A Great Place to Work and Live

VCU, established in 1968, is a young, vibrant and rapidly growing institution. Whereas components of VCU are well established, venerable, and well-recognized institutions, VCU suffers from a lack of name recognition and reputation in comparison with our peer institutions. Similarly, there is a general lack of appreciation for the strength of VCU programs at the regional, local and even institutional level. This project is designed to showcase, at the local and institutional level, the special contributions and triumphs of VCU and its staff, including both the cutting edge research and academic accomplishments and the powerful and compelling human interest stories that contribute to the richness and vitality of our institution. Our venue will be the offering of vignettes highlighting these stories on local radio, television or other media outlets. Our vision for the project is to provide a vehicle by which we promote a sense of pride in our campus communities, as well as promote the success of VCU in the Greater Richmond Area and throughout the Commonwealth. Appreciation of the strengths and successes of the institution will enhance morale of faculty and staff, positively affect students, staff and faculty recruitment and retention, and help to maintain VCU as a Research Extensive academic institution

The esophageal mucosa and submucosa: immunohistology in GERD and Barrett's esophagus

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/106843/1/nyas12241.pd

Caveolin-1 enhances resveratrol-mediated cytotoxicity and transport in a hepatocellular carcinoma model

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Resveratrol (RES), an estrogen analog, is considered as a potential cancer chemo-preventive agent. However, it remains unclear how RES is transported into cells. In this study, we observed that Caveolin-1(CAV1) expression can increase the cytotoxic and pro-apoptotic activity of RES in a dose- and time-dependent manner both <it>in vitro </it>and <it>in vivo </it>in a Hepatocellular Carcinoma animal model.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) demonstrated that RES intra-cellular concentration is increased about 2-fold in cells stably expressing CAV1 or CAVM1 (a scaffolding domain (81-101AA)-defective CAV1 mutant) compared to the untransduced human Hepatoblastoma cell line (HepG2) or after transduction with the green fluorescent protein (GFP) control vector. The increased intra-cellular transport of RES was abolished in cells stably expressing CAVM2 (a cholesterol shuttle domain (143-156AA)-defective CAV1 mutant) or CAVRNAi. In order to further characterize CAV1-dependent RES transport, we synthesized RES-dansyl chloride derivatives as fluorescent probes to visualize the transport process, which demonstrated a distribution consistent with that of CAV1 in HepG2 cells.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>In addition, RES endocytosis was not mediated by estrogen receptor (ER) α and β, as suggested by lack of competitive inhibition by estrogen or Tamoxifen. Pathway analysis showed that RES can up-regulate the expression of endogenous CAV1; this activates further the MAPK pathway and caspase-3 expression.</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>This study provides novel insights about the role played by CAV1 in modulating cellular sensitivity to RES through enhancement of its internalization and trafficking.</p

Jeune syndrome: description of 13 cases and a proposal for follow-up protocol

Jeune syndrome (asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy, ATD) is a rare autosomal recessive skeletal dysplasia characterized by a small, narrow chest and variable limb shortness with a considerable neonatal mortality as a result of respiratory distress. Renal, hepatic, pancreatic and ocular complications may occur later in life. We describe 13 cases with ages ranging from 9 months to 22 years. Most patients experienced respiratory problems in the first years of their life, three died, one experienced renal complications, and one had hepatic problems. With age, the thoracic malformation tends to become less pronounced and the respiratory problems decrease. The prognosis of ATD seems better than described in literature and in our opinion this justifies long term intensive treatment in the first years. We also propose a follow-up protocol for patients with ATD